diff --git a/hw/alpha/dp264.c b/hw/alpha/dp264.c
index 52a1fa310b..570ea9edf2 100644
--- a/hw/alpha/dp264.c
+++ b/hw/alpha/dp264.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ static void clipper_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
     size = load_elf(palcode_filename, NULL, cpu_alpha_superpage_to_phys,
                     NULL, &palcode_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                    0, EM_ALPHA, 0, 0);
+                    ELFDATA2LSB, EM_ALPHA, 0, 0);
     if (size < 0) {
         error_report("could not load palcode '%s'", palcode_filename);
         exit(1);
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ static void clipper_init(MachineState *machine)
 
         size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, cpu_alpha_superpage_to_phys,
                         NULL, &kernel_entry, &kernel_low, NULL, NULL,
-                        0, EM_ALPHA, 0, 0);
+                        ELFDATA2LSB, EM_ALPHA, 0, 0);
         if (size < 0) {
             error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
             exit(1);
diff --git a/hw/arm/armv7m.c b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
index a67a890a33..98a6984611 100644
--- a/hw/arm/armv7m.c
+++ b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ void armv7m_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, const char *kernel_filename,
     if (kernel_filename) {
         image_size = load_elf_as(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                  &entry, NULL, NULL,
-                                 NULL, 0, EM_ARM, 1, 0, as);
+                                 NULL, ELFDATA2LSB, EM_ARM, 1, 0, as);
         if (image_size < 0) {
             image_size = load_image_targphys_as(kernel_filename, mem_base,
                                                 mem_size, as);
diff --git a/hw/arm/boot.c b/hw/arm/boot.c
index b44bea8a82..cbc24356fc 100644
--- a/hw/arm/boot.c
+++ b/hw/arm/boot.c
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ static ssize_t arm_load_elf(struct arm_boot_info *info, uint64_t *pentry,
         Elf64_Ehdr h64;
     } elf_header;
     int data_swab = 0;
-    bool big_endian;
+    int elf_data_order;
     ssize_t ret;
     Error *err = NULL;
 
@@ -814,12 +814,12 @@ static ssize_t arm_load_elf(struct arm_boot_info *info, uint64_t *pentry,
     }
 
     if (elf_is64) {
-        big_endian = elf_header.h64.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB;
-        info->endianness = big_endian ? ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8
-                                      : ARM_ENDIANNESS_LE;
+        elf_data_order = elf_header.h64.e_ident[EI_DATA];
+        info->endianness = elf_data_order == ELFDATA2MSB ? ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8
+                                                         : ARM_ENDIANNESS_LE;
     } else {
-        big_endian = elf_header.h32.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB;
-        if (big_endian) {
+        elf_data_order = elf_header.h32.e_ident[EI_DATA];
+        if (elf_data_order == ELFDATA2MSB) {
             if (bswap32(elf_header.h32.e_flags) & EF_ARM_BE8) {
                 info->endianness = ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8;
             } else {
@@ -839,8 +839,8 @@ static ssize_t arm_load_elf(struct arm_boot_info *info, uint64_t *pentry,
     }
 
     ret = load_elf_as(info->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                      pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, NULL, big_endian, elf_machine,
-                      1, data_swab, as);
+                      pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, NULL, elf_data_order,
+                      elf_machine, 1, data_swab, as);
     if (ret <= 0) {
         /* The header loaded but the image didn't */
         error_report("Couldn't load elf '%s': %s",
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
index f3a0ac40e4..ca2eb0d157 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "hw/arm/boot.h"
 #include "hw/arm/omap.h"
+#include "hw/sd/sd.h"
 #include "system/blockdev.h"
 #include "system/system.h"
 #include "hw/arm/soc_dma.h"
@@ -3716,7 +3717,6 @@ static void omap1_mpu_reset(void *opaque)
     omap_uart_reset(mpu->uart[0]);
     omap_uart_reset(mpu->uart[1]);
     omap_uart_reset(mpu->uart[2]);
-    omap_mmc_reset(mpu->mmc);
     omap_mpuio_reset(mpu->mpuio);
     omap_uwire_reset(mpu->microwire);
     omap_pwl_reset(mpu->pwl);
@@ -3981,11 +3981,25 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *dram,
     if (!dinfo && !qtest_enabled()) {
         warn_report("missing SecureDigital device");
     }
-    s->mmc = omap_mmc_init(0xfffb7800, system_memory,
-                           dinfo ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo) : NULL,
-                           qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[1], OMAP_INT_OQN),
-                           &s->drq[OMAP_DMA_MMC_TX],
-                    omap_findclk(s, "mmc_ck"));
+
+    s->mmc = qdev_new(TYPE_OMAP_MMC);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->mmc), &error_fatal);
+    omap_mmc_set_clk(s->mmc, omap_findclk(s, "mmc_ck"));
+
+    memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0xfffb7800,
+                                sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->mmc), 0));
+    qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(s->mmc, "dma-tx", 0, s->drq[OMAP_DMA_MMC_TX]);
+    qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(s->mmc, "dma-rx", 0, s->drq[OMAP_DMA_MMC_RX]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->mmc), 0,
+                       qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[1], OMAP_INT_OQN));
+
+    if (dinfo) {
+        DeviceState *card = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        qdev_prop_set_drive_err(card, "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
+                                &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(card, qdev_get_child_bus(s->mmc, "sd-bus"),
+                               &error_fatal);
+    }
 
     s->mpuio = omap_mpuio_init(system_memory, 0xfffb5000,
                                qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[1], OMAP_INT_KEYBOARD),
diff --git a/hw/avr/boot.c b/hw/avr/boot.c
index 617f3a144c..e5a29c7218 100644
--- a/hw/avr/boot.c
+++ b/hw/avr/boot.c
@@ -71,11 +71,9 @@ bool avr_load_firmware(AVRCPU *cpu, MachineState *ms,
         return false;
     }
 
-    bytes_loaded = load_elf_ram_sym(filename,
-                                    NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                                    &entry, NULL, NULL,
-                                    &e_flags, 0, EM_AVR, 0, 0,
-                                    NULL, true, NULL);
+    bytes_loaded = load_elf_as(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                               &entry, NULL, NULL,
+                               &e_flags, ELFDATA2LSB, EM_AVR, 0, 0, NULL);
     if (bytes_loaded >= 0) {
         /* If ELF file is provided, determine CPU type reading ELF e_flags. */
         const char *elf_cpu = avr_elf_e_flags_to_cpu_type(e_flags);
diff --git a/hw/char/Kconfig b/hw/char/Kconfig
index 4b73a803bf..1dc20ee4c2 100644
--- a/hw/char/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/char/Kconfig
@@ -78,3 +78,8 @@ config GOLDFISH_TTY
 
 config SHAKTI_UART
     bool
+
+config IP_OCTAL_232
+    bool
+    default y
+    depends on IPACK
diff --git a/hw/char/ipoctal232.c b/hw/char/ipoctal232.c
index d1e5f6dad2..a2879977fb 100644
--- a/hw/char/ipoctal232.c
+++ b/hw/char/ipoctal232.c
@@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ static void update_irq(IPOctalState *dev, unsigned block)
     unsigned intno = block / 2;
 
     if ((blk0->isr & blk0->imr) || (blk1->isr & blk1->imr)) {
-        qemu_irq_raise(idev->irq[intno]);
+        qemu_irq_raise(&idev->irq[intno]);
     } else {
-        qemu_irq_lower(idev->irq[intno]);
+        qemu_irq_lower(&idev->irq[intno]);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/char/meson.build b/hw/char/meson.build
index 1750834385..ed3529cbbb 100644
--- a/hw/char/meson.build
+++ b/hw/char/meson.build
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ESCC', if_true: files('escc.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_GRLIB', if_true: files('grlib_apbuart.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IBEX', if_true: files('ibex_uart.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IMX', if_true: files('imx_serial.c'))
-system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IPACK', if_true: files('ipoctal232.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IP_OCTAL_232', if_true: files('ipoctal232.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ISA_BUS', if_true: files('parallel-isa.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ISA_DEBUG', if_true: files('debugcon.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_NRF51_SOC', if_true: files('nrf51_uart.c'))
diff --git a/hw/char/serial-pci-multi.c b/hw/char/serial-pci-multi.c
index 7578e863cf..718ae25131 100644
--- a/hw/char/serial-pci-multi.c
+++ b/hw/char/serial-pci-multi.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ typedef struct PCIMultiSerialState {
     char         *name[PCI_SERIAL_MAX_PORTS];
     SerialState  state[PCI_SERIAL_MAX_PORTS];
     uint32_t     level[PCI_SERIAL_MAX_PORTS];
-    qemu_irq     *irqs;
+    IRQState     irqs[PCI_SERIAL_MAX_PORTS];
     uint8_t      prog_if;
 } PCIMultiSerialState;
 
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ static void multi_serial_pci_exit(PCIDevice *dev)
         memory_region_del_subregion(&pci->iobar, &s->io);
         g_free(pci->name[i]);
     }
-    qemu_free_irqs(pci->irqs, pci->ports);
 }
 
 static void multi_serial_irq_mux(void *opaque, int n, int level)
@@ -102,7 +101,6 @@ static void multi_serial_pci_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
     pci->dev.config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN] = 0x01;
     memory_region_init(&pci->iobar, OBJECT(pci), "multiserial", 8 * nports);
     pci_register_bar(&pci->dev, 0, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO, &pci->iobar);
-    pci->irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(multi_serial_irq_mux, pci, nports);
 
     for (i = 0; i < nports; i++) {
         s = pci->state + i;
@@ -110,7 +108,7 @@ static void multi_serial_pci_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
             multi_serial_pci_exit(dev);
             return;
         }
-        s->irq = pci->irqs[i];
+        s->irq = &pci->irqs[i];
         pci->name[i] = g_strdup_printf("uart #%zu", i + 1);
         memory_region_init_io(&s->io, OBJECT(pci), &serial_io_ops, s,
                               pci->name[i], 8);
@@ -183,6 +181,7 @@ static void multi_serial_init(Object *o)
     size_t i, nports = multi_serial_get_port_count(PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev));
 
     for (i = 0; i < nports; i++) {
+        qemu_init_irq(&pms->irqs[i], multi_serial_irq_mux, pms, i);
         object_initialize_child(o, "serial[*]", &pms->state[i], TYPE_SERIAL);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hw/core/generic-loader.c b/hw/core/generic-loader.c
index fb354693af..d9f5c2e832 100644
--- a/hw/core/generic-loader.c
+++ b/hw/core/generic-loader.c
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
  */
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
-#include "exec/tswap.h"
 #include "system/dma.h"
 #include "system/reset.h"
 #include "hw/boards.h"
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@ static void generic_loader_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     GenericLoaderState *s = GENERIC_LOADER(dev);
     hwaddr entry;
-    int big_endian;
     ssize_t size = 0;
 
     s->set_pc = false;
@@ -134,14 +132,12 @@ static void generic_loader_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         s->cpu = first_cpu;
     }
 
-    big_endian = target_words_bigendian();
-
     if (s->file) {
         AddressSpace *as = s->cpu ? s->cpu->as :  NULL;
 
         if (!s->force_raw) {
             size = load_elf_as(s->file, NULL, NULL, NULL, &entry, NULL, NULL,
-                               NULL, big_endian, 0, 0, 0, as);
+                               NULL, ELFDATANONE, 0, 0, 0, as);
 
             if (size < 0) {
                 size = load_uimage_as(s->file, &entry, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
diff --git a/hw/core/irq.c b/hw/core/irq.c
index 7d5b0038c1..6dd8d47bd6 100644
--- a/hw/core/irq.c
+++ b/hw/core/irq.c
@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ void qemu_init_irq(IRQState *irq, qemu_irq_handler handler, void *opaque,
     init_irq_fields(irq, handler, opaque, n);
 }
 
+void qemu_init_irqs(IRQState irq[], size_t count,
+                    qemu_irq_handler handler, void *opaque)
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        qemu_init_irq(&irq[i], handler, opaque, i);
+    }
+}
+
 qemu_irq *qemu_extend_irqs(qemu_irq *old, int n_old, qemu_irq_handler handler,
                            void *opaque, int n)
 {
diff --git a/hw/core/loader.c b/hw/core/loader.c
index 4dfdb027ee..fd25c5e01b 100644
--- a/hw/core/loader.c
+++ b/hw/core/loader.c
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ ssize_t load_elf(const char *filename,
                  uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
                  uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                  void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr,
-                 uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian,
+                 uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order,
                  int elf_machine, int clear_lsb, int data_swab)
 {
     return load_elf_as(filename, elf_note_fn, translate_fn, translate_opaque,
-                       pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, pflags, big_endian,
+                       pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, pflags, elf_data_order,
                        elf_machine, clear_lsb, data_swab, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -422,29 +422,15 @@ ssize_t load_elf_as(const char *filename,
                     uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
                     uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                     void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr,
-                    uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian,
+                    uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order,
                     int elf_machine, int clear_lsb, int data_swab,
                     AddressSpace *as)
-{
-    return load_elf_ram(filename, elf_note_fn, translate_fn, translate_opaque,
-                        pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, pflags, big_endian,
-                        elf_machine, clear_lsb, data_swab, as, true);
-}
-
-/* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
-ssize_t load_elf_ram(const char *filename,
-                     uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
-                     uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
-                     void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry,
-                     uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags,
-                     int big_endian, int elf_machine, int clear_lsb,
-                     int data_swab, AddressSpace *as, bool load_rom)
 {
     return load_elf_ram_sym(filename, elf_note_fn,
                             translate_fn, translate_opaque,
-                            pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, pflags, big_endian,
+                            pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, pflags, elf_data_order,
                             elf_machine, clear_lsb, data_swab, as,
-                            load_rom, NULL);
+                            true, NULL);
 }
 
 /* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
@@ -453,11 +439,12 @@ ssize_t load_elf_ram_sym(const char *filename,
                          uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                          void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry,
                          uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr,
-                         uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian, int elf_machine,
+                         uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order, int elf_machine,
                          int clear_lsb, int data_swab,
                          AddressSpace *as, bool load_rom, symbol_fn_t sym_cb)
 {
-    int fd, data_order, target_data_order, must_swab;
+    const int host_data_order = HOST_BIG_ENDIAN ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB;
+    int fd, must_swab;
     ssize_t ret = ELF_LOAD_FAILED;
     uint8_t e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
 
@@ -475,23 +462,14 @@ ssize_t load_elf_ram_sym(const char *filename,
         ret = ELF_LOAD_NOT_ELF;
         goto fail;
     }
-#if HOST_BIG_ENDIAN
-    data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
-#else
-    data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
-#endif
-    must_swab = data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
-    if (big_endian) {
-        target_data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
-    } else {
-        target_data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
-    }
 
-    if (target_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
+    if (elf_data_order != ELFDATANONE && elf_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
         ret = ELF_LOAD_WRONG_ENDIAN;
         goto fail;
     }
 
+    must_swab = host_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
+
     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
     if (e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
         ret = load_elf64(filename, fd, elf_note_fn,
diff --git a/hw/hppa/machine.c b/hw/hppa/machine.c
index 0dd1908214..b6135d9526 100644
--- a/hw/hppa/machine.c
+++ b/hw/hppa/machine.c
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ static void machine_HP_common_init_tail(MachineState *machine, PCIBus *pci_bus,
 
         size = load_elf(firmware_filename, NULL, translate, NULL,
                         &firmware_entry, &firmware_low, &firmware_high, NULL,
-                        true, EM_PARISC, 0, 0);
+                        ELFDATA2MSB, EM_PARISC, 0, 0);
 
         if (size < 0) {
             error_report("could not load firmware '%s'", firmware_filename);
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ static void machine_HP_common_init_tail(MachineState *machine, PCIBus *pci_bus,
     if (kernel_filename) {
         size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, linux_kernel_virt_to_phys,
                         NULL, &kernel_entry, &kernel_low, &kernel_high, NULL,
-                        true, EM_PARISC, 0, 0);
+                        ELFDATA2MSB, EM_PARISC, 0, 0);
 
         kernel_entry = linux_kernel_virt_to_phys(NULL, kernel_entry);
 
diff --git a/hw/i386/multiboot.c b/hw/i386/multiboot.c
index 1d66ca3204..cd07a05861 100644
--- a/hw/i386/multiboot.c
+++ b/hw/i386/multiboot.c
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ int load_multiboot(X86MachineState *x86ms,
         }
 
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
-                               &elf_low, &elf_high, NULL, 0, I386_ELF_MACHINE,
-                               0, 0);
+                               &elf_low, &elf_high, NULL,
+                               ELFDATA2LSB, I386_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             error_report("Error while loading elf kernel");
             exit(1);
diff --git a/hw/i386/x86-common.c b/hw/i386/x86-common.c
index 008496b5b8..1b0671c523 100644
--- a/hw/i386/x86-common.c
+++ b/hw/i386/x86-common.c
@@ -608,8 +608,8 @@ static bool load_elfboot(const char *kernel_filename,
     uint64_t elf_note_type = XEN_ELFNOTE_PHYS32_ENTRY;
     kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, read_pvh_start_addr,
                            NULL, &elf_note_type, &elf_entry,
-                           &elf_low, &elf_high, NULL, 0, I386_ELF_MACHINE,
-                           0, 0);
+                           &elf_low, &elf_high, NULL,
+                           ELFDATA2LSB, I386_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
 
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("Error while loading elf kernel");
diff --git a/hw/ipack/Kconfig b/hw/ipack/Kconfig
index f8da24a62b..28d668727c 100644
--- a/hw/ipack/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/ipack/Kconfig
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 config IPACK
     bool
+
+config TPCI200
+    bool
+    select IPACK
     default y if PCI_DEVICES
 	    depends on PCI
diff --git a/hw/ipack/ipack.c b/hw/ipack/ipack.c
index ed75f79183..b6defae602 100644
--- a/hw/ipack/ipack.c
+++ b/hw/ipack/ipack.c
@@ -55,22 +55,19 @@ static void ipack_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     }
     bus->free_slot = idev->slot + 1;
 
-    idev->irq = qemu_allocate_irqs(bus->set_irq, idev, 2);
+    qemu_init_irqs(idev->irq, ARRAY_SIZE(idev->irq), bus->set_irq, idev);
 
     k->realize(dev, errp);
 }
 
 static void ipack_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    IPackDevice *idev = IPACK_DEVICE(dev);
     IPackDeviceClass *k = IPACK_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
 
     if (k->unrealize) {
         k->unrealize(dev);
         return;
     }
-
-    qemu_free_irqs(idev->irq, 2);
 }
 
 static const Property ipack_device_props[] = {
diff --git a/hw/ipack/meson.build b/hw/ipack/meson.build
index 26567f1068..e480522892 100644
--- a/hw/ipack/meson.build
+++ b/hw/ipack/meson.build
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IPACK', if_true: files('ipack.c', 'tpci200.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_IPACK', if_true: files('ipack.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_TPCI200', if_true: files('tpci200.c'))
diff --git a/hw/ipack/tpci200.c b/hw/ipack/tpci200.c
index 88eef4b830..470a4203ae 100644
--- a/hw/ipack/tpci200.c
+++ b/hw/ipack/tpci200.c
@@ -275,11 +275,11 @@ static void tpci200_write_las0(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t val,
                 if (ip != NULL) {
                     if (val & STATUS_INT(i, 0)) {
                         DPRINTF("Clear IP %c INT0# status\n", 'A' + i);
-                        qemu_irq_lower(ip->irq[0]);
+                        qemu_irq_lower(&ip->irq[0]);
                     }
                     if (val & STATUS_INT(i, 1)) {
                         DPRINTF("Clear IP %c INT1# status\n", 'A' + i);
-                        qemu_irq_lower(ip->irq[1]);
+                        qemu_irq_lower(&ip->irq[1]);
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ static uint64_t tpci200_read_las1(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
                 bool int_set = s->status & STATUS_INT(ip_n, intno);
                 bool int_edge_sensitive = s->ctrl[ip_n] & CTRL_INT_EDGE(intno);
                 if (int_set && !int_edge_sensitive) {
-                    qemu_irq_lower(ip->irq[intno]);
+                    qemu_irq_lower(&ip->irq[intno]);
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/hw/loongarch/boot.c b/hw/loongarch/boot.c
index bd8763c61c..354cf458c8 100644
--- a/hw/loongarch/boot.c
+++ b/hw/loongarch/boot.c
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ static int64_t load_kernel_info(struct loongarch_boot_info *info)
     kernel_size = load_elf(info->kernel_filename, NULL,
                            cpu_loongarch_virt_to_phys, NULL,
                            &kernel_entry, &kernel_low,
-                           &kernel_high, NULL, 0,
+                           &kernel_high, NULL, ELFDATA2LSB,
                            EM_LOONGARCH, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         kernel_size = load_loongarch_linux_image(info->kernel_filename,
diff --git a/hw/m68k/an5206.c b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
index 7b8210475e..d97399b882 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/an5206.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static void an5206_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
-                           NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, EM_68K, 0, 0);
+                           NULL, NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, EM_68K, 0, 0);
     entry = elf_entry;
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         kernel_size = load_uimage(kernel_filename, &entry, NULL, NULL,
diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
index 409bb72574..75cc076f78 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
-                           NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, EM_68K, 0, 0);
+                           NULL, NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, EM_68K, 0, 0);
     entry = elf_entry;
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         kernel_size = load_uimage(kernel_filename, &entry, NULL, NULL,
diff --git a/hw/m68k/q800.c b/hw/m68k/q800.c
index ca3adb9a8a..aeed4c8ddb 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/q800.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/q800.c
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ static void q800_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
         }
 
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high, NULL, 1,
+                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB,
                                EM_68K, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
diff --git a/hw/m68k/virt.c b/hw/m68k/virt.c
index 87ec39eeae..d967bdd743 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/virt.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/virt.c
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void virt_init(MachineState *machine)
         }
 
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high, NULL, 1,
+                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB,
                                EM_68K, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/boot.c b/hw/microblaze/boot.c
index 3854bc2291..60b4ef0abe 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/boot.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/boot.c
@@ -144,13 +144,15 @@ void microblaze_load_kernel(MicroBlazeCPU *cpu, bool is_little_endian,
         /* Boots a kernel elf binary.  */
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                &entry, NULL, &high, NULL,
-                               !is_little_endian, EM_MICROBLAZE, 0, 0);
+                               is_little_endian ? ELFDATA2LSB : ELFDATA2MSB,
+                               EM_MICROBLAZE, 0, 0);
         base32 = entry;
         if (base32 == 0xc0000000) {
             kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL,
                                    translate_kernel_address, NULL,
                                    &entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                                   !is_little_endian, EM_MICROBLAZE, 0, 0);
+                                   is_little_endian ? ELFDATA2LSB : ELFDATA2MSB,
+                                   EM_MICROBLAZE, 0, 0);
         }
         /* Always boot into physical ram.  */
         boot_info.bootstrap_pc = (uint32_t)entry;
diff --git a/hw/mips/boston.c b/hw/mips/boston.c
index 67044af962..364c328032 100644
--- a/hw/mips/boston.c
+++ b/hw/mips/boston.c
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ static void boston_mach_init(MachineState *machine)
         kernel_size = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL,
                            cpu_mips_kseg0_to_phys, NULL,
                            &kernel_entry, NULL, &kernel_high,
-                           NULL, 0, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
+                           NULL, ELFDATA2LSB, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
 
         if (kernel_size > 0) {
             int dt_size;
diff --git a/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c b/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
index 16b6a5129e..646044e274 100644
--- a/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
+++ b/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static uint64_t load_kernel(MIPSCPU *cpu)
                            cpu_mips_kseg0_to_phys, NULL,
                            &kernel_entry, NULL,
                            &kernel_high, NULL,
-                           0, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
+                           ELFDATA2LSB, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("could not load kernel '%s': %s",
                      loaderparams.kernel_filename,
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.c b/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.c
index b97b81903b..67812666c5 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.c
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.c
@@ -21,16 +21,17 @@
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu/units.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
-#include "cpu.h"
-#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "qemu/bswap.h"
+#include "exec/hwaddr.h"
 #include "hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.h"
 
-static void init_cpu_info(void *g_cpuinfo, uint64_t cpu_freq)
+static void init_cpu_info(void *g_cpuinfo, uint32_t cpu_count,
+                          uint32_t processor_id, uint64_t cpu_freq)
 {
     struct efi_cpuinfo_loongson *c = g_cpuinfo;
 
     c->cputype = cpu_to_le32(Loongson_3A);
-    c->processor_id = cpu_to_le32(MIPS_CPU(first_cpu)->env.CP0_PRid);
+    c->processor_id = cpu_to_le32(processor_id);
     if (cpu_freq > UINT_MAX) {
         c->cpu_clock_freq = cpu_to_le32(UINT_MAX);
     } else {
@@ -38,8 +39,8 @@ static void init_cpu_info(void *g_cpuinfo, uint64_t cpu_freq)
     }
 
     c->cpu_startup_core_id = cpu_to_le16(0);
-    c->nr_cpus = cpu_to_le32(current_machine->smp.cpus);
-    c->total_node = cpu_to_le32(DIV_ROUND_UP(current_machine->smp.cpus,
+    c->nr_cpus = cpu_to_le32(cpu_count);
+    c->total_node = cpu_to_le32(DIV_ROUND_UP(cpu_count,
                                              LOONGSON3_CORE_PER_NODE));
 }
 
@@ -110,9 +111,10 @@ static void init_special_info(void *g_special)
 }
 
 void init_loongson_params(struct loongson_params *lp, void *p,
+                          uint32_t cpu_count, uint32_t processor_id,
                           uint64_t cpu_freq, uint64_t ram_size)
 {
-    init_cpu_info(p, cpu_freq);
+    init_cpu_info(p, cpu_count, processor_id, cpu_freq);
     lp->cpu_offset = cpu_to_le64((uintptr_t)p - (uintptr_t)lp);
     p += ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct efi_cpuinfo_loongson), 64);
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.h b/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.h
index 9091265df7..9dc325a855 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.h
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_bootp.h
@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ enum {
 
 extern const MemMapEntry virt_memmap[];
 void init_loongson_params(struct loongson_params *lp, void *p,
+                          uint32_t cpu_count, uint32_t processor_id,
                           uint64_t cpu_freq, uint64_t ram_size);
 void init_reset_system(struct efi_reset_system_t *reset);
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
index f3cc7a8376..831fddb1bd 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps loongson3_pm_ops = {
 
 #define DEF_LOONGSON3_FREQ (800 * 1000 * 1000)
 
-static uint64_t get_cpu_freq_hz(void)
+static uint64_t get_cpu_freq_hz(const MIPSCPU *cpu)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM
     int ret;
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static uint64_t get_cpu_freq_hz(void)
     };
 
     if (kvm_enabled()) {
-        ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(first_cpu, KVM_GET_ONE_REG, &freq_reg);
+        ret = kvm_vcpu_ioctl(CPU(cpu), KVM_GET_ONE_REG, &freq_reg);
         if (ret >= 0) {
             return freq * 2;
         }
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ static uint64_t get_cpu_freq_hz(void)
     return DEF_LOONGSON3_FREQ;
 }
 
-static void init_boot_param(void)
+static void init_boot_param(unsigned cpu_count, uint32_t processor_id)
 {
     static void *p;
     struct boot_params *bp;
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ static void init_boot_param(void)
     bp->efi.smbios.vers = cpu_to_le16(1);
     init_reset_system(&(bp->reset_system));
     p += ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct boot_params), 64);
-    init_loongson_params(&(bp->efi.smbios.lp), p,
+    init_loongson_params(&(bp->efi.smbios.lp), p, cpu_count, processor_id,
                          loaderparams.cpu_freq, loaderparams.ram_size);
 
     rom_add_blob_fixed("params_rom", bp,
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static void fw_cfg_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device,
     fw_cfg_modify_i16(opaque, FW_CFG_BOOT_DEVICE, boot_device[0]);
 }
 
-static void fw_conf_init(unsigned long ram_size)
+static void fw_conf_init(void)
 {
     static const uint8_t suspend[6] = {128, 0, 0, 129, 128, 128};
     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
@@ -289,9 +289,9 @@ static void fw_conf_init(unsigned long ram_size)
     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_mem_wide(cfg_addr, cfg_addr + 8, 8, 0, NULL);
     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, (uint16_t)current_machine->smp.cpus);
     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_MAX_CPUS, (uint16_t)current_machine->smp.max_cpus);
-    fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE, (uint64_t)ram_size);
+    fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE, loaderparams.ram_size);
     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_MACHINE_VERSION, 1);
-    fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CPU_FREQ, get_cpu_freq_hz());
+    fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CPU_FREQ, loaderparams.cpu_freq);
 
     fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/system-states",
                     g_memdup2(suspend, sizeof(suspend)), sizeof(suspend));
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ static uint64_t load_kernel(CPUMIPSState *env)
                            cpu_mips_kseg0_to_phys, NULL,
                            &kernel_entry,
                            &kernel_low, &kernel_high,
-                           NULL, 0, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
+                           NULL, ELFDATA2LSB, EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("could not load kernel '%s': %s",
                      loaderparams.kernel_filename,
@@ -399,25 +399,33 @@ static uint64_t load_kernel(CPUMIPSState *env)
     return kernel_entry;
 }
 
-static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
+static void generic_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 {
     MIPSCPU *cpu = opaque;
     CPUMIPSState *env = &cpu->env;
 
     cpu_reset(CPU(cpu));
 
-    /* Loongson-3 reset stuff */
     if (loaderparams.kernel_filename) {
-        if (cpu == MIPS_CPU(first_cpu)) {
-            env->active_tc.gpr[4] = loaderparams.a0;
-            env->active_tc.gpr[5] = loaderparams.a1;
-            env->active_tc.gpr[6] = loaderparams.a2;
-            env->active_tc.PC = loaderparams.kernel_entry;
-        }
         env->CP0_Status &= ~((1 << CP0St_BEV) | (1 << CP0St_ERL));
     }
 }
 
+static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
+{
+    generic_cpu_reset(opaque);
+
+    if (loaderparams.kernel_filename) {
+        MIPSCPU *cpu = opaque;
+        CPUMIPSState *env = &cpu->env;
+
+        env->active_tc.gpr[4] = loaderparams.a0;
+        env->active_tc.gpr[5] = loaderparams.a1;
+        env->active_tc.gpr[6] = loaderparams.a2;
+        env->active_tc.PC = loaderparams.kernel_entry;
+    }
+}
+
 static inline void loongson3_virt_devices_init(MachineState *machine,
                                                DeviceState *pic)
 {
@@ -484,9 +492,8 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
 {
     int i;
     long bios_size;
-    MIPSCPU *cpu;
+    MIPSCPU *cpu = NULL;
     Clock *cpuclk;
-    CPUMIPSState *env;
     DeviceState *liointc;
     DeviceState *ipi = NULL;
     char *filename;
@@ -561,7 +568,7 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
     cpuclk = clock_new(OBJECT(machine), "cpu-refclk");
     clock_set_hz(cpuclk, DEF_LOONGSON3_FREQ);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < machine->smp.cpus; i++) {
+    for (i = machine->smp.cpus - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
         int node = i / LOONGSON3_CORE_PER_NODE;
         int core = i % LOONGSON3_CORE_PER_NODE;
         int ip;
@@ -572,7 +579,7 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
         /* Init internal devices */
         cpu_mips_irq_init_cpu(cpu);
         cpu_mips_clock_init(cpu);
-        qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
+        qemu_register_reset(i ? generic_cpu_reset : main_cpu_reset, cpu);
 
         if (!kvm_enabled()) {
             hwaddr base = ((hwaddr)node << 44) + virt_memmap[VIRT_IPI].base;
@@ -601,7 +608,7 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
                                pin, cpu->env.irq[ip + 2]);
         }
     }
-    env = &MIPS_CPU(first_cpu)->env;
+    assert(cpu); /* This variable points to the first created cpu. */
 
     /* Allocate RAM/BIOS, 0x00000000~0x10000000 is alias of 0x80000000~0x90000000 */
     memory_region_init_rom(bios, NULL, "loongson3.bios",
@@ -626,16 +633,16 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
      * Please use -L to set the BIOS path and -bios to set bios name.
      */
 
+    loaderparams.cpu_freq = get_cpu_freq_hz(cpu);
+    loaderparams.ram_size = ram_size;
     if (kernel_filename) {
-        loaderparams.cpu_freq = get_cpu_freq_hz();
-        loaderparams.ram_size = ram_size;
         loaderparams.kernel_filename = kernel_filename;
         loaderparams.kernel_cmdline = kernel_cmdline;
         loaderparams.initrd_filename = initrd_filename;
-        loaderparams.kernel_entry = load_kernel(env);
+        loaderparams.kernel_entry = load_kernel(&cpu->env);
 
         init_boot_rom();
-        init_boot_param();
+        init_boot_param(machine->smp.cpus, cpu->env.CP0_PRid);
     } else {
         filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS,
                                   machine->firmware ?: LOONGSON3_BIOSNAME);
@@ -654,7 +661,7 @@ static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
             exit(1);
         }
 
-        fw_conf_init(ram_size);
+        fw_conf_init();
     }
 
     loongson3_virt_devices_init(machine, liointc);
diff --git a/hw/mips/malta.c b/hw/mips/malta.c
index 4e9cccaa34..8e9cea70b1 100644
--- a/hw/mips/malta.c
+++ b/hw/mips/malta.c
@@ -880,8 +880,9 @@ static uint64_t load_kernel(void)
     kernel_size = load_elf(loaderparams.kernel_filename, NULL,
                            cpu_mips_kseg0_to_phys, NULL,
                            &kernel_entry, NULL,
-                           &kernel_high, NULL, TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN, EM_MIPS,
-                           1, 0);
+                           &kernel_high, NULL,
+                           TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB,
+                           EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("could not load kernel '%s': %s",
                      loaderparams.kernel_filename,
diff --git a/hw/mips/meson.build b/hw/mips/meson.build
index fcbee53bb3..31dbd2bf4d 100644
--- a/hw/mips/meson.build
+++ b/hw/mips/meson.build
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 mips_ss = ss.source_set()
 mips_ss.add(files('bootloader.c', 'mips_int.c'))
 common_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_FW_CFG_MIPS', if_true: files('fw_cfg.c'))
-mips_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LOONGSON3V', if_true: files('loongson3_bootp.c', 'loongson3_virt.c'))
+common_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LOONGSON3V', if_true: files('loongson3_bootp.c'))
+mips_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LOONGSON3V', if_true: files('loongson3_virt.c'))
 mips_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MALTA', if_true: files('malta.c'))
 mips_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MIPS_CPS', if_true: files('cps.c'))
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mipssim.c
index a294779a82..c530688e76 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mipssim.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mipssim.c
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static uint64_t load_kernel(void)
     kernel_size = load_elf(loaderparams.kernel_filename, NULL,
                            cpu_mips_kseg0_to_phys, NULL,
                            &entry, NULL,
-                           &kernel_high, NULL, TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN,
+                           &kernel_high, NULL,
+                           TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB,
                            EM_MIPS, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("could not load kernel '%s': %s",
diff --git a/hw/misc/i2c-echo.c b/hw/misc/i2c-echo.c
index 5ae3d0817e..65d10029dc 100644
--- a/hw/misc/i2c-echo.c
+++ b/hw/misc/i2c-echo.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
 #include "block/aio.h"
 #include "hw/i2c/i2c.h"
+#include "trace.h"
 
 #define TYPE_I2C_ECHO "i2c-echo"
 OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(I2CEchoState, I2C_ECHO)
@@ -80,11 +81,13 @@ static int i2c_echo_event(I2CSlave *s, enum i2c_event event)
     case I2C_START_RECV:
         state->pos = 0;
 
+        trace_i2c_echo_event(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, "I2C_START_RECV");
         break;
 
     case I2C_START_SEND:
         state->pos = 0;
 
+        trace_i2c_echo_event(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, "I2C_START_SEND");
         break;
 
     case I2C_FINISH:
@@ -92,12 +95,15 @@ static int i2c_echo_event(I2CSlave *s, enum i2c_event event)
         state->state = I2C_ECHO_STATE_START_SEND;
         i2c_bus_master(state->bus, state->bh);
 
+        trace_i2c_echo_event(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, "I2C_FINISH");
         break;
 
     case I2C_NACK:
+        trace_i2c_echo_event(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, "I2C_NACK");
         break;
 
     default:
+        trace_i2c_echo_event(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, "UNHANDLED");
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -112,6 +118,7 @@ static uint8_t i2c_echo_recv(I2CSlave *s)
         return 0xff;
     }
 
+    trace_i2c_echo_recv(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, state->data[state->pos]);
     return state->data[state->pos++];
 }
 
@@ -119,6 +126,7 @@ static int i2c_echo_send(I2CSlave *s, uint8_t data)
 {
     I2CEchoState *state = I2C_ECHO(s);
 
+    trace_i2c_echo_send(DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, data);
     if (state->pos > 2) {
         return -1;
     }
diff --git a/hw/misc/trace-events b/hw/misc/trace-events
index cf1abe6928..b35b0e77f7 100644
--- a/hw/misc/trace-events
+++ b/hw/misc/trace-events
@@ -390,3 +390,8 @@ ivshmem_flat_read_write_mmr_invalid(uint64_t addr_offset) "No ivshmem register m
 ivshmem_flat_interrupt_invalid_peer(uint16_t peer_id) "Can't interrupt non-existing peer %u"
 ivshmem_flat_write_mmr(uint64_t addr_offset) "Write access at offset %"PRIu64
 ivshmem_flat_interrupt_peer(uint16_t peer_id, uint16_t vector_id) "Interrupting peer ID %u, vector %u..."
+
+# i2c-echo.c
+i2c_echo_event(const char *id, const char *event) "%s: %s"
+i2c_echo_recv(const char *id, uint8_t data) "%s: recv 0x%02" PRIx8
+i2c_echo_send(const char *id, uint8_t data) "%s: send 0x%02" PRIx8
diff --git a/hw/openrisc/boot.c b/hw/openrisc/boot.c
index 83c1fc6705..0f08df812d 100644
--- a/hw/openrisc/boot.c
+++ b/hw/openrisc/boot.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ hwaddr openrisc_load_kernel(ram_addr_t ram_size,
 
     if (kernel_filename && !qtest_enabled()) {
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high_addr, NULL, 1,
+                               &elf_entry, NULL, &high_addr, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB,
                                EM_OPENRISC, 1, 0);
         entry = elf_entry;
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/raven.c b/hw/pci-host/raven.c
index 918a3237a9..e3d8d206b7 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/raven.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/raven.c
@@ -357,8 +357,8 @@ static void raven_realize(PCIDevice *d, Error **errp)
         if (filename) {
             if (s->elf_machine != EM_NONE) {
                 bios_size = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                                     NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, s->elf_machine,
-                                     0, 0);
+                                     NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                                     ELFDATA2MSB, s->elf_machine, 0, 0);
             }
             if (bios_size < 0) {
                 bios_size = get_image_size(filename);
diff --git a/hw/ppc/e500.c b/hw/ppc/e500.c
index 4551157c01..26933e0457 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/e500.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/e500.c
@@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@ void ppce500_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     payload_size = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                             &bios_entry, &loadaddr, NULL, NULL,
-                            1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                            ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
     if (payload_size < 0) {
         /*
          * Hrm. No ELF image? Try a uImage, maybe someone is giving us an
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
index 6369961f78..cb3dc3ab48 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
@@ -182,7 +182,8 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
     if (filename) {
         /* Load OpenBIOS (ELF) */
         bios_size = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                             NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                             NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                             ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
 
         if (bios_size <= 0) {
             /* or load binary ROM image */
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
         kernel_base = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
         kernel_size = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL,
                                translate_kernel_address, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               NULL, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                               NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             kernel_size = load_aout(machine->kernel_filename, kernel_base,
                                     machine->ram_size - kernel_base,
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
index 59653e174b..0dbcea035c 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
     if (filename) {
         /* Load OpenBIOS (ELF) */
         bios_size = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &bios_addr,
-                             NULL, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                             NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         /* Unfortunately, load_elf sign-extends reading elf32 */
         bios_addr = (uint32_t)bios_addr;
 
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
         kernel_base = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
         kernel_size = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL,
                                translate_kernel_address, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               NULL, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                               NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             kernel_size = load_aout(machine->kernel_filename, kernel_base,
                                     machine->ram_size - kernel_base,
diff --git a/hw/ppc/pegasos2.c b/hw/ppc/pegasos2.c
index b3c21bdc57..0364243f4f 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/pegasos2.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/pegasos2.c
@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ static void pegasos2_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
     memory_region_init_rom(rom, NULL, "pegasos2.rom", PROM_SIZE, &error_fatal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), PROM_ADDR, rom);
-    sz = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1,
-                  PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+    sz = load_elf(filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                  ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
     if (sz <= 0) {
         sz = load_image_targphys(filename, pm->vof ? 0 : PROM_ADDR, PROM_SIZE);
     }
@@ -239,8 +239,8 @@ static void pegasos2_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     if (machine->kernel_filename) {
         sz = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                      &pm->kernel_entry, &pm->kernel_addr, NULL, NULL, 1,
-                      PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                      &pm->kernel_entry, &pm->kernel_addr, NULL, NULL,
+                      ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         if (sz <= 0) {
             error_report("Could not load kernel '%s'",
                          machine->kernel_filename);
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
index e9f65fab70..969cac345a 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ static void boot_from_kernel(MachineState *machine, PowerPCCPU *cpu)
 
     kernel_size = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                            &boot_entry, &kernel_base, NULL, NULL,
-                           1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                           ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
         error_report("Could not load kernel '%s' : %s",
                      machine->kernel_filename, load_elf_strerror(kernel_size));
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
index 45c5b8678d..099fda3909 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
@@ -228,7 +228,8 @@ static void bamboo_init(MachineState *machine)
         if (success < 0) {
             uint64_t elf_entry;
             success = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
-                               NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                               NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
             entry = elf_entry;
         }
         /* XXX try again as binary */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/sam460ex.c b/hw/ppc/sam460ex.c
index e74642a3b7..3ecae6a950 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/sam460ex.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/sam460ex.c
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ static void sam460ex_init(MachineState *machine)
 
             success = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                &elf_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
             entry = elf_entry;
         }
         /* XXX try again as binary */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr.c b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
index 623842f806..f3a4b4235d 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
@@ -3022,13 +3022,13 @@ static void spapr_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
 
         spapr->kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL,
                                       translate_kernel_address, spapr,
-                                      NULL, &loaded_addr, NULL, NULL, 1,
-                                      PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                                      NULL, &loaded_addr, NULL, NULL,
+                                      ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         if (spapr->kernel_size == ELF_LOAD_WRONG_ENDIAN) {
             spapr->kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL,
                                           translate_kernel_address, spapr,
-                                          NULL, &loaded_addr, NULL, NULL, 0,
-                                          PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
+                                          NULL, &loaded_addr, NULL, NULL,
+                                          ELFDATA2LSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
             spapr->kernel_le = spapr->kernel_size > 0;
         }
         if (spapr->kernel_size < 0) {
diff --git a/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c b/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
index ea7ab8a569..2323811927 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
@@ -242,8 +242,8 @@ static void virtex_init(MachineState *machine)
 
         /* Boots a kernel elf binary.  */
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               &entry, NULL, &high, NULL, 1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE,
-                               0, 0);
+                               &entry, NULL, &high, NULL,
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
         boot_info.bootstrap_pc = entry & 0x00ffffff;
 
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
diff --git a/hw/riscv/boot.c b/hw/riscv/boot.c
index 90e75c69a0..c309441b7d 100644
--- a/hw/riscv/boot.c
+++ b/hw/riscv/boot.c
@@ -246,7 +246,8 @@ void riscv_load_kernel(MachineState *machine,
      */
     kernel_size = load_elf_ram_sym(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                    &info->image_low_addr, &info->image_high_addr,
-                                   NULL, 0, EM_RISCV, 1, 0, NULL, true, sym_cb);
+                                   NULL, ELFDATA2LSB, EM_RISCV,
+                                   1, 0, NULL, true, sym_cb);
     if (kernel_size > 0) {
         info->kernel_size = kernel_size;
         goto out;
diff --git a/hw/rx/rx-gdbsim.c b/hw/rx/rx-gdbsim.c
index 02fdbdf824..88c8f12c10 100644
--- a/hw/rx/rx-gdbsim.c
+++ b/hw/rx/rx-gdbsim.c
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ static void rx_gdbsim_init(MachineState *machine)
          * the latter half of the SDRAM space.
          */
         kernel_offset = machine->ram_size / 2;
-        rx_load_image(RX_CPU(first_cpu), kernel_filename,
+        rx_load_image(&s->mcu.cpu, kernel_filename,
                       SDRAM_BASE + kernel_offset, kernel_offset);
         if (dtb_filename) {
             ram_addr_t dtb_offset;
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ static void rx_gdbsim_init(MachineState *machine)
             qemu_register_reset_nosnapshotload(qemu_fdt_randomize_seeds,
                                 rom_ptr(SDRAM_BASE + dtb_offset, dtb_size));
             /* Set dtb address to R1 */
-            RX_CPU(first_cpu)->env.regs[1] = SDRAM_BASE + dtb_offset;
+            s->mcu.cpu.env.regs[1] = SDRAM_BASE + dtb_offset;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/hw/s390x/ipl.c b/hw/s390x/ipl.c
index 4aa21c91fc..ce6f6078d7 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/ipl.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/ipl.c
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ static void s390_ipl_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 
         bios_size = load_elf(bios_filename, NULL,
                              bios_translate_addr, &fwbase,
-                             &ipl->bios_start_addr, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1,
-                             EM_S390, 0, 0);
+                             &ipl->bios_start_addr, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                             ELFDATA2MSB, EM_S390, 0, 0);
         if (bios_size > 0) {
             /* Adjust ELF start address to final location */
             ipl->bios_start_addr += fwbase;
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ static void s390_ipl_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     if (ipl->kernel) {
         kernel_size = load_elf(ipl->kernel, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                &pentry, NULL,
-                               NULL, NULL, 1, EM_S390, 0, 0);
+                               NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, EM_S390, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             kernel_size = load_image_targphys(ipl->kernel, 0, ms->ram_size);
             if (kernel_size < 0) {
diff --git a/hw/sd/omap_mmc.c b/hw/sd/omap_mmc.c
index 1d4e30e6b7..bbe7b971bb 100644
--- a/hw/sd/omap_mmc.c
+++ b/hw/sd/omap_mmc.c
@@ -21,17 +21,22 @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
 #include "hw/arm/omap.h"
-#include "hw/sd/sdcard_legacy.h"
+#include "hw/sd/sd.h"
+
+typedef struct OMAPMMCState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    SDBus sdbus;
 
-struct omap_mmc_s {
     qemu_irq irq;
-    qemu_irq *dma;
-    qemu_irq coverswitch;
+    qemu_irq dma_tx_gpio;
+    qemu_irq dma_rx_gpio;
     MemoryRegion iomem;
     omap_clk clk;
-    SDState *card;
     uint16_t last_cmd;
     uint16_t sdio;
     uint16_t rsp[8];
@@ -64,16 +69,15 @@ struct omap_mmc_s {
 
     int cdet_wakeup;
     int cdet_enable;
-    int cdet_state;
     qemu_irq cdet;
-};
+} OMAPMMCState;
 
-static void omap_mmc_interrupts_update(struct omap_mmc_s *s)
+static void omap_mmc_interrupts_update(OMAPMMCState *s)
 {
     qemu_set_irq(s->irq, !!(s->status & s->mask));
 }
 
-static void omap_mmc_fifolevel_update(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
+static void omap_mmc_fifolevel_update(OMAPMMCState *host)
 {
     if (!host->transfer && !host->fifo_len) {
         host->status &= 0xf3ff;
@@ -83,33 +87,33 @@ static void omap_mmc_fifolevel_update(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
     if (host->fifo_len > host->af_level && host->ddir) {
         if (host->rx_dma) {
             host->status &= 0xfbff;
-            qemu_irq_raise(host->dma[1]);
+            qemu_irq_raise(host->dma_rx_gpio);
         } else
             host->status |= 0x0400;
     } else {
         host->status &= 0xfbff;
-        qemu_irq_lower(host->dma[1]);
+        qemu_irq_lower(host->dma_rx_gpio);
     }
 
     if (host->fifo_len < host->ae_level && !host->ddir) {
         if (host->tx_dma) {
             host->status &= 0xf7ff;
-            qemu_irq_raise(host->dma[0]);
+            qemu_irq_raise(host->dma_tx_gpio);
         } else
             host->status |= 0x0800;
     } else {
-        qemu_irq_lower(host->dma[0]);
+        qemu_irq_lower(host->dma_tx_gpio);
         host->status &= 0xf7ff;
     }
 }
 
 /* These must match the encoding of the MMC_CMD Response field */
 typedef enum {
-    sd_nore = 0,	/* no response */
-    sd_r1,		/* normal response command */
-    sd_r2,		/* CID, CSD registers */
-    sd_r3,		/* OCR register */
-    sd_r6 = 6,		/* Published RCA response */
+    sd_nore = 0,        /* no response */
+    sd_r1,              /* normal response command */
+    sd_r2,              /* CID, CSD registers */
+    sd_r3,              /* OCR register */
+    sd_r6 = 6,          /* Published RCA response */
     sd_r1b = -1,
 } sd_rsp_type_t;
 
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ typedef enum {
     SD_TYPE_ADTC = 3,   /* addressed with data transfer */
 } MMCCmdType;
 
-static void omap_mmc_command(struct omap_mmc_s *host, int cmd, int dir,
+static void omap_mmc_command(OMAPMMCState *host, int cmd, int dir,
                              MMCCmdType type, int busy,
                              sd_rsp_type_t resptype, int init)
 {
@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@ static void omap_mmc_command(struct omap_mmc_s *host, int cmd, int dir,
     request.arg = host->arg;
     request.crc = 0; /* FIXME */
 
-    rsplen = sd_do_command(host->card, &request, response);
+    rsplen = sdbus_do_command(&host->sdbus, &request, response);
 
     /* TODO: validate CRCs */
     switch (resptype) {
@@ -225,12 +229,12 @@ static void omap_mmc_command(struct omap_mmc_s *host, int cmd, int dir,
     if (timeout)
         host->status |= 0x0080;
     else if (cmd == 12)
-        host->status |= 0x0005;	/* Makes it more real */
+        host->status |= 0x0005;         /* Makes it more real */
     else
         host->status |= 0x0001;
 }
 
-static void omap_mmc_transfer(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
+static void omap_mmc_transfer(OMAPMMCState *host)
 {
     uint8_t value;
 
@@ -242,10 +246,10 @@ static void omap_mmc_transfer(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
             if (host->fifo_len > host->af_level)
                 break;
 
-            value = sd_read_byte(host->card);
+            value = sdbus_read_byte(&host->sdbus);
             host->fifo[(host->fifo_start + host->fifo_len) & 31] = value;
             if (-- host->blen_counter) {
-                value = sd_read_byte(host->card);
+                value = sdbus_read_byte(&host->sdbus);
                 host->fifo[(host->fifo_start + host->fifo_len) & 31] |=
                         value << 8;
                 host->blen_counter --;
@@ -257,10 +261,10 @@ static void omap_mmc_transfer(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
                 break;
 
             value = host->fifo[host->fifo_start] & 0xff;
-            sd_write_byte(host->card, value);
+            sdbus_write_byte(&host->sdbus, value);
             if (-- host->blen_counter) {
                 value = host->fifo[host->fifo_start] >> 8;
-                sd_write_byte(host->card, value);
+                sdbus_write_byte(&host->sdbus, value);
                 host->blen_counter --;
             }
 
@@ -285,19 +289,19 @@ static void omap_mmc_transfer(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
 
 static void omap_mmc_update(void *opaque)
 {
-    struct omap_mmc_s *s = opaque;
+    OMAPMMCState *s = opaque;
     omap_mmc_transfer(s);
     omap_mmc_fifolevel_update(s);
     omap_mmc_interrupts_update(s);
 }
 
-static void omap_mmc_pseudo_reset(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
+static void omap_mmc_pseudo_reset(OMAPMMCState *host)
 {
     host->status = 0;
     host->fifo_len = 0;
 }
 
-void omap_mmc_reset(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
+static void omap_mmc_reset(OMAPMMCState *host)
 {
     host->last_cmd = 0;
     memset(host->rsp, 0, sizeof(host->rsp));
@@ -319,54 +323,47 @@ void omap_mmc_reset(struct omap_mmc_s *host)
     host->transfer = 0;
     host->cdet_wakeup = 0;
     host->cdet_enable = 0;
-    qemu_set_irq(host->coverswitch, host->cdet_state);
     host->clkdiv = 0;
 
     omap_mmc_pseudo_reset(host);
-
-    /* Since we're still using the legacy SD API the card is not plugged
-     * into any bus, and we must reset it manually. When omap_mmc is
-     * QOMified this must move into the QOM reset function.
-     */
-    device_cold_reset(DEVICE(host->card));
 }
 
 static uint64_t omap_mmc_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
 {
     uint16_t i;
-    struct omap_mmc_s *s = opaque;
+    OMAPMMCState *s = opaque;
 
     if (size != 2) {
         return omap_badwidth_read16(opaque, offset);
     }
 
     switch (offset) {
-    case 0x00:	/* MMC_CMD */
+    case 0x00:  /* MMC_CMD */
         return s->last_cmd;
 
-    case 0x04:	/* MMC_ARGL */
+    case 0x04:  /* MMC_ARGL */
         return s->arg & 0x0000ffff;
 
-    case 0x08:	/* MMC_ARGH */
+    case 0x08:  /* MMC_ARGH */
         return s->arg >> 16;
 
-    case 0x0c:	/* MMC_CON */
+    case 0x0c:  /* MMC_CON */
         return (s->dw << 15) | (s->mode << 12) | (s->enable << 11) | 
                 (s->be << 10) | s->clkdiv;
 
-    case 0x10:	/* MMC_STAT */
+    case 0x10:  /* MMC_STAT */
         return s->status;
 
-    case 0x14:	/* MMC_IE */
+    case 0x14:  /* MMC_IE */
         return s->mask;
 
-    case 0x18:	/* MMC_CTO */
+    case 0x18:  /* MMC_CTO */
         return s->cto;
 
-    case 0x1c:	/* MMC_DTO */
+    case 0x1c:  /* MMC_DTO */
         return s->dto;
 
-    case 0x20:	/* MMC_DATA */
+    case 0x20:  /* MMC_DATA */
         /* TODO: support 8-bit access */
         i = s->fifo[s->fifo_start];
         if (s->fifo_len == 0) {
@@ -381,42 +378,42 @@ static uint64_t omap_mmc_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
         omap_mmc_interrupts_update(s);
         return i;
 
-    case 0x24:	/* MMC_BLEN */
+    case 0x24:  /* MMC_BLEN */
         return s->blen_counter;
 
-    case 0x28:	/* MMC_NBLK */
+    case 0x28:  /* MMC_NBLK */
         return s->nblk_counter;
 
-    case 0x2c:	/* MMC_BUF */
+    case 0x2c:  /* MMC_BUF */
         return (s->rx_dma << 15) | (s->af_level << 8) |
             (s->tx_dma << 7) | s->ae_level;
 
-    case 0x30:	/* MMC_SPI */
+    case 0x30:  /* MMC_SPI */
         return 0x0000;
-    case 0x34:	/* MMC_SDIO */
+    case 0x34:  /* MMC_SDIO */
         return (s->cdet_wakeup << 2) | (s->cdet_enable) | s->sdio;
-    case 0x38:	/* MMC_SYST */
+    case 0x38:  /* MMC_SYST */
         return 0x0000;
 
-    case 0x3c:	/* MMC_REV */
+    case 0x3c:  /* MMC_REV */
         return s->rev;
 
-    case 0x40:	/* MMC_RSP0 */
-    case 0x44:	/* MMC_RSP1 */
-    case 0x48:	/* MMC_RSP2 */
-    case 0x4c:	/* MMC_RSP3 */
-    case 0x50:	/* MMC_RSP4 */
-    case 0x54:	/* MMC_RSP5 */
-    case 0x58:	/* MMC_RSP6 */
-    case 0x5c:	/* MMC_RSP7 */
+    case 0x40:  /* MMC_RSP0 */
+    case 0x44:  /* MMC_RSP1 */
+    case 0x48:  /* MMC_RSP2 */
+    case 0x4c:  /* MMC_RSP3 */
+    case 0x50:  /* MMC_RSP4 */
+    case 0x54:  /* MMC_RSP5 */
+    case 0x58:  /* MMC_RSP6 */
+    case 0x5c:  /* MMC_RSP7 */
         return s->rsp[(offset - 0x40) >> 2];
 
     /* OMAP2-specific */
-    case 0x60:	/* MMC_IOSR */
-    case 0x64:	/* MMC_SYSC */
+    case 0x60:  /* MMC_IOSR */
+    case 0x64:  /* MMC_SYSC */
         return 0;
-    case 0x68:	/* MMC_SYSS */
-        return 1;						/* RSTD */
+    case 0x68:  /* MMC_SYSS */
+        return 1;                                               /* RSTD */
     }
 
     OMAP_BAD_REG(offset);
@@ -427,7 +424,7 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
                            uint64_t value, unsigned size)
 {
     int i;
-    struct omap_mmc_s *s = opaque;
+    OMAPMMCState *s = opaque;
 
     if (size != 2) {
         omap_badwidth_write16(opaque, offset, value);
@@ -435,7 +432,7 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
     }
 
     switch (offset) {
-    case 0x00:	/* MMC_CMD */
+    case 0x00:  /* MMC_CMD */
         if (!s->enable)
             break;
 
@@ -450,17 +447,17 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
         omap_mmc_update(s);
         break;
 
-    case 0x04:	/* MMC_ARGL */
+    case 0x04:  /* MMC_ARGL */
         s->arg &= 0xffff0000;
         s->arg |= 0x0000ffff & value;
         break;
 
-    case 0x08:	/* MMC_ARGH */
+    case 0x08:  /* MMC_ARGH */
         s->arg &= 0x0000ffff;
         s->arg |= value << 16;
         break;
 
-    case 0x0c:	/* MMC_CON */
+    case 0x0c:  /* MMC_CON */
         s->dw = (value >> 15) & 1;
         s->mode = (value >> 12) & 3;
         s->enable = (value >> 11) & 1;
@@ -480,27 +477,27 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
             omap_mmc_pseudo_reset(s);
         break;
 
-    case 0x10:	/* MMC_STAT */
+    case 0x10:  /* MMC_STAT */
         s->status &= ~value;
         omap_mmc_interrupts_update(s);
         break;
 
-    case 0x14:	/* MMC_IE */
+    case 0x14:  /* MMC_IE */
         s->mask = value & 0x7fff;
         omap_mmc_interrupts_update(s);
         break;
 
-    case 0x18:	/* MMC_CTO */
+    case 0x18:  /* MMC_CTO */
         s->cto = value & 0xff;
         if (s->cto > 0xfd && s->rev <= 1)
             printf("MMC: CTO of 0xff and 0xfe cannot be used!\n");
         break;
 
-    case 0x1c:	/* MMC_DTO */
+    case 0x1c:  /* MMC_DTO */
         s->dto = value & 0xffff;
         break;
 
-    case 0x20:	/* MMC_DATA */
+    case 0x20:  /* MMC_DATA */
         /* TODO: support 8-bit access */
         if (s->fifo_len == 32)
             break;
@@ -511,18 +508,18 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
         omap_mmc_interrupts_update(s);
         break;
 
-    case 0x24:	/* MMC_BLEN */
+    case 0x24:  /* MMC_BLEN */
         s->blen = (value & 0x07ff) + 1;
         s->blen_counter = s->blen;
         break;
 
-    case 0x28:	/* MMC_NBLK */
+    case 0x28:  /* MMC_NBLK */
         s->nblk = (value & 0x07ff) + 1;
         s->nblk_counter = s->nblk;
         s->blen_counter = s->blen;
         break;
 
-    case 0x2c:	/* MMC_BUF */
+    case 0x2c:  /* MMC_BUF */
         s->rx_dma = (value >> 15) & 1;
         s->af_level = (value >> 8) & 0x1f;
         s->tx_dma = (value >> 7) & 1;
@@ -537,38 +534,38 @@ static void omap_mmc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
         break;
 
     /* SPI, SDIO and TEST modes unimplemented */
-    case 0x30:	/* MMC_SPI (OMAP1 only) */
+    case 0x30:  /* MMC_SPI (OMAP1 only) */
         break;
-    case 0x34:	/* MMC_SDIO */
+    case 0x34:  /* MMC_SDIO */
         s->sdio = value & (s->rev >= 2 ? 0xfbf3 : 0x2020);
         s->cdet_wakeup = (value >> 9) & 1;
         s->cdet_enable = (value >> 2) & 1;
         break;
-    case 0x38:	/* MMC_SYST */
+    case 0x38:  /* MMC_SYST */
         break;
 
-    case 0x3c:	/* MMC_REV */
-    case 0x40:	/* MMC_RSP0 */
-    case 0x44:	/* MMC_RSP1 */
-    case 0x48:	/* MMC_RSP2 */
-    case 0x4c:	/* MMC_RSP3 */
-    case 0x50:	/* MMC_RSP4 */
-    case 0x54:	/* MMC_RSP5 */
-    case 0x58:	/* MMC_RSP6 */
-    case 0x5c:	/* MMC_RSP7 */
+    case 0x3c:  /* MMC_REV */
+    case 0x40:  /* MMC_RSP0 */
+    case 0x44:  /* MMC_RSP1 */
+    case 0x48:  /* MMC_RSP2 */
+    case 0x4c:  /* MMC_RSP3 */
+    case 0x50:  /* MMC_RSP4 */
+    case 0x54:  /* MMC_RSP5 */
+    case 0x58:  /* MMC_RSP6 */
+    case 0x5c:  /* MMC_RSP7 */
         OMAP_RO_REG(offset);
         break;
 
     /* OMAP2-specific */
-    case 0x60:	/* MMC_IOSR */
+    case 0x60:  /* MMC_IOSR */
         if (value & 0xf)
             printf("MMC: SDIO bits used!\n");
         break;
-    case 0x64:	/* MMC_SYSC */
-        if (value & (1 << 2))					/* SRTS */
+    case 0x64:  /* MMC_SYSC */
+        if (value & (1 << 2))                                   /* SRTS */
             omap_mmc_reset(s);
         break;
-    case 0x68:	/* MMC_SYSS */
+    case 0x68:  /* MMC_SYSS */
         OMAP_RO_REG(offset);
         break;
 
@@ -583,29 +580,56 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps omap_mmc_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-struct omap_mmc_s *omap_mmc_init(hwaddr base,
-                MemoryRegion *sysmem,
-                BlockBackend *blk,
-                qemu_irq irq, qemu_irq dma[], omap_clk clk)
+void omap_mmc_set_clk(DeviceState *dev, omap_clk clk)
 {
-    struct omap_mmc_s *s = g_new0(struct omap_mmc_s, 1);
+    OMAPMMCState *s = OMAP_MMC(dev);
 
-    s->irq = irq;
-    s->dma = dma;
     s->clk = clk;
-    s->lines = 1;	/* TODO: needs to be settable per-board */
-    s->rev = 1;
+}
 
-    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &omap_mmc_ops, s, "omap.mmc", 0x800);
-    memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
-
-    /* Instantiate the storage */
-    s->card = sd_init(blk, false);
-    if (s->card == NULL) {
-        exit(1);
-    }
+static void omap_mmc_reset_hold(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    OMAPMMCState *s = OMAP_MMC(obj);
 
     omap_mmc_reset(s);
-
-    return s;
 }
+
+static void omap_mmc_initfn(Object *obj)
+{
+    OMAPMMCState *s = OMAP_MMC(obj);
+
+    /* In theory these could be settable per-board */
+    s->lines = 1;
+    s->rev = 1;
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, obj, &omap_mmc_ops, s, "omap.mmc", 0x800);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->iomem);
+
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->irq);
+    qdev_init_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(obj), &s->dma_tx_gpio, "dma-tx", 1);
+    qdev_init_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(obj), &s->dma_rx_gpio, "dma-rx", 1);
+
+    qbus_init(&s->sdbus, sizeof(s->sdbus), TYPE_SD_BUS, DEVICE(obj), "sd-bus");
+}
+
+static void omap_mmc_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
+{
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(oc);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = omap_mmc_reset_hold;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo omap_mmc_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_OMAP_MMC,
+    .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(OMAPMMCState),
+    .instance_init = omap_mmc_initfn,
+    .class_init = omap_mmc_class_init,
+};
+
+static void omap_mmc_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&omap_mmc_info);
+}
+
+type_init(omap_mmc_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/sd/sd.c b/hw/sd/sd.c
index 0330d432fd..e541c57f8c 100644
--- a/hw/sd/sd.c
+++ b/hw/sd/sd.c
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
 #include "hw/registerfields.h"
 #include "system/block-backend.h"
 #include "hw/sd/sd.h"
-#include "hw/sd/sdcard_legacy.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
@@ -120,10 +119,6 @@ typedef struct SDProto {
 struct SDState {
     DeviceState parent_obj;
 
-    /* If true, created by sd_init() for a non-qdevified caller */
-    /* TODO purge them with fire */
-    bool me_no_qdev_me_kill_mammoth_with_rocks;
-
     /* SD Memory Card Registers */
     uint32_t ocr;
     uint8_t scr[8];
@@ -177,10 +172,7 @@ struct SDState {
     uint32_t data_offset;
     size_t data_size;
     uint8_t data[512];
-    qemu_irq readonly_cb;
-    qemu_irq inserted_cb;
     QEMUTimer *ocr_power_timer;
-    bool enable;
     uint8_t dat_lines;
     bool cmd_line;
 };
@@ -299,12 +291,12 @@ static const char *sd_acmd_name(SDState *sd, uint8_t cmd)
 
 static uint8_t sd_get_dat_lines(SDState *sd)
 {
-    return sd->enable ? sd->dat_lines : 0;
+    return sd->dat_lines;
 }
 
 static bool sd_get_cmd_line(SDState *sd)
 {
-    return sd->enable ? sd->cmd_line : false;
+    return sd->cmd_line;
 }
 
 static void sd_set_voltage(SDState *sd, uint16_t millivolts)
@@ -892,17 +884,10 @@ static void sd_cardchange(void *opaque, bool load, Error **errp)
         trace_sdcard_ejected();
     }
 
-    if (sd->me_no_qdev_me_kill_mammoth_with_rocks) {
-        qemu_set_irq(sd->inserted_cb, inserted);
-        if (inserted) {
-            qemu_set_irq(sd->readonly_cb, readonly);
-        }
-    } else {
-        sdbus = SD_BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(dev));
-        sdbus_set_inserted(sdbus, inserted);
-        if (inserted) {
-            sdbus_set_readonly(sdbus, readonly);
-        }
+    sdbus = SD_BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(dev));
+    sdbus_set_inserted(sdbus, inserted);
+    if (inserted) {
+        sdbus_set_readonly(sdbus, readonly);
     }
 }
 
@@ -990,7 +975,7 @@ static const VMStateDescription sd_vmstate = {
         VMSTATE_UINT32(data_offset, SDState),
         VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(data, SDState, 512),
         VMSTATE_UNUSED_V(1, 512),
-        VMSTATE_BOOL(enable, SDState),
+        VMSTATE_UNUSED(1),
         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
     },
     .subsections = (const VMStateDescription * const []) {
@@ -1000,48 +985,6 @@ static const VMStateDescription sd_vmstate = {
     },
 };
 
-/* Legacy initialization function for use by non-qdevified callers */
-SDState *sd_init(BlockBackend *blk, bool is_spi)
-{
-    Object *obj;
-    DeviceState *dev;
-    SDState *sd;
-    Error *err = NULL;
-
-    obj = object_new(is_spi ? TYPE_SD_CARD_SPI : TYPE_SD_CARD);
-    dev = DEVICE(obj);
-    if (!qdev_prop_set_drive_err(dev, "drive", blk, &err)) {
-        error_reportf_err(err, "sd_init failed: ");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Realizing the device properly would put it into the QOM
-     * composition tree even though it is not plugged into an
-     * appropriate bus.  That's a no-no.  Hide the device from
-     * QOM/qdev, and call its qdev realize callback directly.
-     */
-    object_ref(obj);
-    object_unparent(obj);
-    sd_realize(dev, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        error_reportf_err(err, "sd_init failed: ");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    sd = SD_CARD(dev);
-    sd->me_no_qdev_me_kill_mammoth_with_rocks = true;
-    return sd;
-}
-
-void sd_set_cb(SDState *sd, qemu_irq readonly, qemu_irq insert)
-{
-    sd->readonly_cb = readonly;
-    sd->inserted_cb = insert;
-    qemu_set_irq(readonly, sd->blk ? !blk_is_writable(sd->blk) : 0);
-    qemu_set_irq(insert, sd->blk ? blk_is_inserted(sd->blk) : 0);
-}
-
 static void sd_blk_read(SDState *sd, uint64_t addr, uint32_t len)
 {
     trace_sdcard_read_block(addr, len);
@@ -2196,13 +2139,13 @@ static bool cmd_valid_while_locked(SDState *sd, unsigned cmd)
     return cmd_class == 0 || cmd_class == 7;
 }
 
-int sd_do_command(SDState *sd, SDRequest *req,
-                  uint8_t *response) {
+static int sd_do_command(SDState *sd, SDRequest *req,
+                         uint8_t *response) {
     int last_state;
     sd_rsp_type_t rtype;
     int rsplen;
 
-    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk) || !sd->enable) {
+    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk)) {
         return 0;
     }
 
@@ -2349,12 +2292,13 @@ static bool sd_generic_read_byte(SDState *sd, uint8_t *value)
     return false;
 }
 
-void sd_write_byte(SDState *sd, uint8_t value)
+static void sd_write_byte(SDState *sd, uint8_t value)
 {
     int i;
 
-    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk) || !sd->enable)
+    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk)) {
         return;
+    }
 
     if (sd->state != sd_receivingdata_state) {
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
@@ -2478,15 +2422,16 @@ void sd_write_byte(SDState *sd, uint8_t value)
     }
 }
 
-uint8_t sd_read_byte(SDState *sd)
+static uint8_t sd_read_byte(SDState *sd)
 {
     /* TODO: Append CRCs */
     const uint8_t dummy_byte = 0x00;
     uint8_t ret;
     uint32_t io_len;
 
-    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk) || !sd->enable)
+    if (!sd->blk || !blk_is_inserted(sd->blk)) {
         return dummy_byte;
+    }
 
     if (sd->state != sd_sendingdata_state) {
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
@@ -2561,11 +2506,6 @@ static bool sd_data_ready(SDState *sd)
     return sd->state == sd_sendingdata_state;
 }
 
-void sd_enable(SDState *sd, bool enable)
-{
-    sd->enable = enable;
-}
-
 static const SDProto sd_proto_spi = {
     .name = "SPI",
     .cmd = {
@@ -2725,7 +2665,6 @@ static void sd_instance_init(Object *obj)
 
     sd->proto = sc->proto;
     sd->last_cmd_name = "UNSET";
-    sd->enable = true;
     sd->ocr_power_timer = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, sd_ocr_powerup, sd);
 }
 
@@ -2831,7 +2770,6 @@ static void sdmmc_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     sc->read_byte = sd_read_byte;
     sc->receive_ready = sd_receive_ready;
     sc->data_ready = sd_data_ready;
-    sc->enable = sd_enable;
     sc->get_inserted = sd_get_inserted;
     sc->get_readonly = sd_get_readonly;
 }
diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
index 2fa439819e..d68c94e82e 100644
--- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
+++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
@@ -63,6 +63,12 @@
 #define PA_VERREG 0x32
 #define PA_OUTPORT 0x36
 
+enum r2d_fpga_irq {
+    PCI_INTD, CF_IDE, CF_CD, PCI_INTC, SM501, KEY, RTC_A, RTC_T,
+    SDCARD, PCI_INTA, PCI_INTB, EXT, TP,
+    NR_IRQS
+};
+
 typedef struct {
     uint16_t bcr;
     uint16_t irlmsk;
@@ -88,15 +94,10 @@ typedef struct {
 
 /* output pin */
     qemu_irq irl;
+    IRQState irq[NR_IRQS];
     MemoryRegion iomem;
 } r2d_fpga_t;
 
-enum r2d_fpga_irq {
-    PCI_INTD, CF_IDE, CF_CD, PCI_INTC, SM501, KEY, RTC_A, RTC_T,
-    SDCARD, PCI_INTA, PCI_INTB, EXT, TP,
-    NR_IRQS
-};
-
 static const struct { short irl; uint16_t msk; } irqtab[NR_IRQS] = {
     [CF_IDE] =   {  1, 1 << 9 },
     [CF_CD] =    {  2, 1 << 8 },
@@ -186,8 +187,8 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps r2d_fpga_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static qemu_irq *r2d_fpga_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
-                               hwaddr base, qemu_irq irl)
+static r2d_fpga_t *r2d_fpga_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
+                                 hwaddr base, qemu_irq irl)
 {
     r2d_fpga_t *s;
 
@@ -197,7 +198,10 @@ static qemu_irq *r2d_fpga_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
 
     memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &r2d_fpga_ops, s, "r2d-fpga", 0x40);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
-    return qemu_allocate_irqs(r2d_fpga_irq_set, s, NR_IRQS);
+
+    qemu_init_irqs(s->irq, NR_IRQS, r2d_fpga_irq_set, s);
+
+    return s;
 }
 
 typedef struct ResetData {
@@ -239,13 +243,13 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     ResetData *reset_info;
     struct SH7750State *s;
     MemoryRegion *sdram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    qemu_irq *irq;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
     MemoryRegion *address_space_mem = get_system_memory();
     PCIBus *pci_bus;
     USBBus *usb_bus;
+    r2d_fpga_t *fpga;
 
     cpu = SUPERH_CPU(cpu_create(machine->cpu_type));
     env = &cpu->env;
@@ -260,7 +264,7 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, SDRAM_BASE, sdram);
     /* Register peripherals */
     s = sh7750_init(cpu, address_space_mem);
-    irq = r2d_fpga_init(address_space_mem, 0x04000000, sh7750_irl(s));
+    fpga = r2d_fpga_init(address_space_mem, 0x04000000, sh7750_irl(s));
 
     dev = qdev_new("sh_pci");
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
@@ -268,10 +272,10 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     pci_bus = PCI_BUS(qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "pci"));
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, P4ADDR(0x1e200000));
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 1, A7ADDR(0x1e200000));
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, irq[PCI_INTA]);
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 1, irq[PCI_INTB]);
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 2, irq[PCI_INTC]);
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 3, irq[PCI_INTD]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, &fpga->irq[PCI_INTA]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 1, &fpga->irq[PCI_INTB]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 2, &fpga->irq[PCI_INTC]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 3, &fpga->irq[PCI_INTD]);
 
     dev = qdev_new("sysbus-sm501");
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
@@ -281,13 +285,13 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(busdev, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x10000000);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 1, 0x13e00000);
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, irq[SM501]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, &fpga->irq[SM501]);
 
     /* onboard CF (True IDE mode, Master only). */
     dinfo = drive_get(IF_IDE, 0, 0);
     dev = qdev_new("mmio-ide");
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
-    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, irq[CF_IDE]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, &fpga->irq[CF_IDE]);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "shift", 1);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(busdev, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x14001000);
diff --git a/hw/sparc/leon3.c b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
index 84381254ad..0aeaad3bec 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/leon3.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ static void leon3_generic_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
 
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                &entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-                               1 /* big endian */, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             kernel_size = load_uimage(kernel_filename, NULL, &entry,
                                       NULL, NULL, NULL);
diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
index e070360a2c..a48d3622c5 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
@@ -242,7 +242,8 @@ static unsigned long sun4m_load_kernel(const char *kernel_filename,
 #endif
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL,
                                translate_kernel_address, NULL,
-                               NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
+                               NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0)
             kernel_size = load_aout(kernel_filename, KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,
                                     RAM_size - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR, bswap_needed,
@@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ static void prom_init(hwaddr addr, const char *bios_name)
     if (filename) {
         ret = load_elf(filename, NULL,
                        translate_prom_address, &addr, NULL,
-                       NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
+                       NULL, NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, EM_SPARC, 0, 0);
         if (ret < 0 || ret > PROM_SIZE_MAX) {
             ret = load_image_targphys(filename, addr, PROM_SIZE_MAX);
         }
diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
index 0980b44659..8ab5cf0461 100644
--- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
+++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ static uint64_t sun4u_load_kernel(const char *kernel_filename,
         bswap_needed = 0;
 #endif
         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, kernel_entry,
-                               kernel_addr, &kernel_top, NULL, 1, EM_SPARCV9, 0,
-                               0);
+                               kernel_addr, &kernel_top, NULL,
+                               ELFDATA2MSB, EM_SPARCV9, 0, 0);
         if (kernel_size < 0) {
             *kernel_addr = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
             *kernel_entry = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static void prom_init(hwaddr addr, const char *bios_name)
     filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
     if (filename) {
         ret = load_elf(filename, NULL, translate_prom_address, &addr,
-                       NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, EM_SPARCV9, 0, 0);
+                       NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2MSB, EM_SPARCV9, 0, 0);
         if (ret < 0 || ret > PROM_SIZE_MAX) {
             ret = load_image_targphys(filename, addr, PROM_SIZE_MAX);
         }
diff --git a/hw/tricore/triboard.c b/hw/tricore/triboard.c
index 9cc8d282ff..f5baa8ccbb 100644
--- a/hw/tricore/triboard.c
+++ b/hw/tricore/triboard.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static void tricore_load_kernel(TriCoreCPU *cpu, const char *kernel_filename)
 
     kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL,
                            NULL, NULL, &entry, NULL,
-                           NULL, NULL, 0,
+                           NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2LSB,
                            EM_TRICORE, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size <= 0) {
         error_report("no kernel file '%s'", kernel_filename);
diff --git a/hw/tricore/tricore_testboard.c b/hw/tricore/tricore_testboard.c
index c29db8b451..3facfdfd61 100644
--- a/hw/tricore/tricore_testboard.c
+++ b/hw/tricore/tricore_testboard.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static void tricore_load_kernel(CPUTriCoreState *env)
 
     kernel_size = load_elf(tricoretb_binfo.kernel_filename, NULL,
                            NULL, NULL, &entry, NULL,
-                           NULL, NULL, 0,
+                           NULL, NULL, ELFDATA2LSB,
                            EM_TRICORE, 1, 0);
     if (kernel_size <= 0) {
         error_report("no kernel file '%s'",
diff --git a/hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c b/hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c
index 6c4c14c895..b090f25365 100644
--- a/hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c
+++ b/hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c
@@ -2287,7 +2287,8 @@ static void ehci_work_bh(void *opaque)
             ehci_update_frindex(ehci, skipped_uframes);
             ehci->last_run_ns += UFRAME_TIMER_NS * skipped_uframes;
             uframes -= skipped_uframes;
-            DPRINTF("WARNING - EHCI skipped %d uframes\n", skipped_uframes);
+            DPRINTF("WARNING - EHCI skipped %"PRIu64" uframes\n",
+                    skipped_uframes);
         }
 
         for (i = 0; i < uframes; i++) {
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/sim.c b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
index 0a1fd90037..1cea29c66d 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/sim.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
@@ -100,7 +100,8 @@ void xtensa_sim_load_kernel(XtensaCPU *cpu, MachineState *machine)
     if (kernel_filename) {
         uint64_t elf_entry;
         int success = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, translate_phys_addr, cpu,
-                               &elf_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL, TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN,
+                               &elf_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                               TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB,
                                EM_XTENSA, 0, 0);
 
         if (success > 0) {
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
index 9efe91933f..3f3677f1c9 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
@@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ static void xtfpga_init(const XtfpgaBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
 
         uint64_t elf_entry;
         int success = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, translate_phys_addr, cpu,
-                               &elf_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL, TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN,
+                               &elf_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                               TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB,
                                EM_XTENSA, 0, 0);
         if (success > 0) {
             entry_point = elf_entry;
diff --git a/include/hw/arm/omap.h b/include/hw/arm/omap.h
index 420ed1d573..7cb87ea89c 100644
--- a/include/hw/arm/omap.h
+++ b/include/hw/arm/omap.h
@@ -529,12 +529,15 @@ struct omap_lcd_panel_s *omap_lcdc_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
                                         omap_clk clk);
 
 /* omap_mmc.c */
-struct omap_mmc_s;
-struct omap_mmc_s *omap_mmc_init(hwaddr base,
-                MemoryRegion *sysmem,
-                BlockBackend *blk,
-                qemu_irq irq, qemu_irq dma[], omap_clk clk);
-void omap_mmc_reset(struct omap_mmc_s *s);
+#define TYPE_OMAP_MMC "omap-mmc"
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(OMAPMMCState, OMAP_MMC)
+
+DeviceState *omap_mmc_init(hwaddr base,
+                           MemoryRegion *sysmem,
+                           qemu_irq irq, qemu_irq dma[], omap_clk clk);
+/* TODO: clock framework (see above) */
+void omap_mmc_set_clk(DeviceState *dev, omap_clk clk);
+
 
 /* omap_i2c.c */
 I2CBus *omap_i2c_bus(DeviceState *omap_i2c);
@@ -601,7 +604,7 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s {
     /* MPU public TIPB peripherals */
     struct omap_32khz_timer_s *os_timer;
 
-    struct omap_mmc_s *mmc;
+    DeviceState *mmc;
 
     struct omap_mpuio_s *mpuio;
 
diff --git a/include/hw/ipack/ipack.h b/include/hw/ipack/ipack.h
index cbcdda509d..00f397fd02 100644
--- a/include/hw/ipack/ipack.h
+++ b/include/hw/ipack/ipack.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #define QEMU_IPACK_H
 
 #include "hw/qdev-core.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
 #include "qom/object.h"
 
 
@@ -19,10 +20,8 @@
 OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(IPackBus, IPACK_BUS)
 
 struct IPackBus {
-    /*< private >*/
     BusState parent_obj;
 
-    /* All fields are private */
     uint8_t n_slots;
     uint8_t free_slot;
     qemu_irq_handler set_irq;
@@ -58,13 +57,11 @@ struct IPackDeviceClass {
 };
 
 struct IPackDevice {
-    /*< private >*/
     DeviceState parent_obj;
-    /*< public >*/
 
     int32_t slot;
     /* IRQ objects for the IndustryPack INT0# and INT1# */
-    qemu_irq *irq;
+    IRQState irq[2];
 };
 
 extern const VMStateDescription vmstate_ipack_device;
diff --git a/include/hw/irq.h b/include/hw/irq.h
index c861c1debd..b3012237ac 100644
--- a/include/hw/irq.h
+++ b/include/hw/irq.h
@@ -41,6 +41,17 @@ static inline void qemu_irq_pulse(qemu_irq irq)
 void qemu_init_irq(IRQState *irq, qemu_irq_handler handler, void *opaque,
                    int n);
 
+/**
+ * qemu_init_irqs: Initialize an array of IRQs.
+ *
+ * @irq: Array of IRQs to initialize
+ * @count: number of IRQs to initialize
+ * @handler: handler to assign to each IRQ
+ * @opaque: opaque data to pass to @handler
+ */
+void qemu_init_irqs(IRQState irq[], size_t count,
+                    qemu_irq_handler handler, void *opaque);
+
 /* Returns an array of N IRQs. Each IRQ is assigned the argument handler and
  * opaque data.
  */
diff --git a/include/hw/loader.h b/include/hw/loader.h
index 8985046be4..784a93d6c1 100644
--- a/include/hw/loader.h
+++ b/include/hw/loader.h
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ const char *load_elf_strerror(ssize_t error);
  * @lowaddr: Populated with lowest loaded address. Ignored if NULL.
  * @highaddr: Populated with highest loaded address. Ignored if NULL.
  * @pflags: Populated with ELF processor-specific flags. Ignore if NULL.
- * @bigendian: Expected ELF endianness. 0 for LE otherwise BE
+ * @elf_data_order: Expected ELF endianness (ELFDATA2LSB or ELFDATA2MSB).
  * @elf_machine: Expected ELF machine type
  * @clear_lsb: Set to mask off LSB of addresses (Some architectures use
  *             this for non-address data)
@@ -151,30 +151,18 @@ ssize_t load_elf_ram_sym(const char *filename,
                          uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                          void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry,
                          uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr,
-                         uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian, int elf_machine,
+                         uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order, int elf_machine,
                          int clear_lsb, int data_swab,
                          AddressSpace *as, bool load_rom, symbol_fn_t sym_cb);
 
-/** load_elf_ram:
- * Same as load_elf_ram_sym(), but doesn't allow the caller to specify a
- * symbol callback function
- */
-ssize_t load_elf_ram(const char *filename,
-                     uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
-                     uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
-                     void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry,
-                     uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags,
-                     int big_endian, int elf_machine, int clear_lsb,
-                     int data_swab, AddressSpace *as, bool load_rom);
-
 /** load_elf_as:
- * Same as load_elf_ram(), but always loads the elf as ROM
+ * Same as load_elf_ram_sym(), but always loads the elf as ROM
  */
 ssize_t load_elf_as(const char *filename,
                     uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
                     uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                     void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr,
-                    uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian,
+                    uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order,
                     int elf_machine, int clear_lsb, int data_swab,
                     AddressSpace *as);
 
@@ -186,7 +174,7 @@ ssize_t load_elf(const char *filename,
                  uint64_t (*elf_note_fn)(void *, void *, bool),
                  uint64_t (*translate_fn)(void *, uint64_t),
                  void *translate_opaque, uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr,
-                 uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int big_endian,
+                 uint64_t *highaddr, uint32_t *pflags, int elf_data_order,
                  int elf_machine, int clear_lsb, int data_swab);
 
 /** load_elf_hdr:
diff --git a/include/hw/sd/sd.h b/include/hw/sd/sd.h
index f2458f37b3..d6bad17513 100644
--- a/include/hw/sd/sd.h
+++ b/include/hw/sd/sd.h
@@ -119,7 +119,6 @@ struct SDCardClass {
     void (*set_voltage)(SDState *sd, uint16_t millivolts);
     uint8_t (*get_dat_lines)(SDState *sd);
     bool (*get_cmd_line)(SDState *sd);
-    void (*enable)(SDState *sd, bool enable);
     bool (*get_inserted)(SDState *sd);
     bool (*get_readonly)(SDState *sd);
     void (*set_cid)(SDState *sd);
diff --git a/include/hw/sd/sdcard_legacy.h b/include/hw/sd/sdcard_legacy.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0dc3889555..0000000000
--- a/include/hw/sd/sdcard_legacy.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * SD Memory Card emulation (deprecated legacy API)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2006 Andrzej Zaborowski  <balrog@zabor.org>
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- *
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *    distribution.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS''
- * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
- * PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR
- * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
- * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
- * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
- * OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-#ifndef HW_SDCARD_LEGACY_H
-#define HW_SDCARD_LEGACY_H
-
-#include "hw/sd/sd.h"
-
-/* Legacy functions to be used only by non-qdevified callers */
-SDState *sd_init(BlockBackend *blk, bool is_spi);
-int sd_do_command(SDState *card, SDRequest *request, uint8_t *response);
-void sd_write_byte(SDState *card, uint8_t value);
-uint8_t sd_read_byte(SDState *card);
-void sd_set_cb(SDState *card, qemu_irq readonly, qemu_irq insert);
-
-/* sd_enable should not be used -- it is only used on the nseries boards,
- * where it is part of a broken implementation of the MMC card slot switch
- * (there should be two card slots which are multiplexed to a single MMC
- * controller, but instead we model it with one card and controller and
- * disable the card when the second slot is selected, so it looks like the
- * second slot is always empty).
- */
-void sd_enable(SDState *card, bool enable);
-
-#endif /* HW_SDCARD_LEGACY_H */
diff --git a/tests/qtest/libqos/meson.build b/tests/qtest/libqos/meson.build
index 46f130ccfd..1ddaf7b095 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/libqos/meson.build
+++ b/tests/qtest/libqos/meson.build
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ libqos_srcs = files(
         'i2c-omap.c',
         'igb.c',
         'sdhci.c',
-        'tpci200.c',
         'virtio.c',
         'virtio-balloon.c',
         'virtio-blk.c',
@@ -70,6 +69,9 @@ endif
 if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_RISCV_IOMMU')
   libqos_srcs += files('riscv-iommu.c')
 endif
+if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_TPCI200')
+  libqos_srcs += files('tpci200.c')
+endif
 
 libqos = static_library('qos', libqos_srcs + genh,
                         build_by_default: false)
diff --git a/tests/qtest/meson.build b/tests/qtest/meson.build
index 94b28e5a53..e60e92fe9d 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/meson.build
+++ b/tests/qtest/meson.build
@@ -286,7 +286,6 @@ qos_test_ss.add(
   'e1000-test.c',
   'eepro100-test.c',
   'es1370-test.c',
-  'ipoctal232-test.c',
   'lsm303dlhc-mag-test.c',
   'isl_pmbus_vr-test.c',
   'max34451-test.c',
@@ -317,6 +316,9 @@ qos_test_ss.add(
 if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_VIRTIO_SERIAL')
   qos_test_ss.add(files('virtio-serial-test.c'))
 endif
+if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_IP_OCTAL_232')
+  qos_test_ss.add(files('ipoctal232-test.c'))
+endif
 
 if host_os != 'windows'
   qos_test_ss.add(files('e1000e-test.c'))