rust: qemu-api: add a module to wrap functions and zero-sized closures

One recurring issue when writing Rust bindings is how to convert a Rust
function ("fn" or "impl Fn") to a C function, and how to pass around
"self" to a C function that only takes a void*.

An easy solution would be to store on the heap a pair consisting of
a pointer to the Rust function and the pointer to "self", but it is
possible to do better.  If an "Fn" has zero size (that is, if it is a
zero-capture closures or a function pointer---which in turn includes all
methods), it is possible to build a generic Rust function that calls it
even if you only have the type; you don't need either the pointer to the
function itself (because the address of the code is part of the type)
or any closure data (because it has size zero).

Introduce a wrapper that provides the functionality of calling the
function given only its type.

Reviewed-by: Zhao Liu <zhao1.liu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub mod prelude;
 
 pub mod bitops;
 pub mod c_str;
+pub mod callbacks;
 pub mod cell;
 pub mod irq;
 pub mod module;