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migration: cpr-transfer mode

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Add the cpr-transfer migration mode, which allows the user to transfer
a guest to a new QEMU instance on the same host with minimal guest pause
time, by preserving guest RAM in place, albeit with new virtual addresses
in new QEMU, and by preserving device file descriptors.  Pages that were
locked in memory for DMA in old QEMU remain locked in new QEMU, because the
descriptor of the device that locked them remains open.

cpr-transfer preserves memory and devices descriptors by sending them to
new QEMU over a unix domain socket using SCM_RIGHTS.  Such CPR state cannot
be sent over the normal migration channel, because devices and backends
are created prior to reading the channel, so this mode sends CPR state
over a second "cpr" migration channel.  New QEMU reads the cpr channel
prior to creating devices or backends.  The user specifies the cpr channel
in the channel arguments on the outgoing side, and in a second -incoming
command-line parameter on the incoming side.

The user must start old QEMU with the the '-machine aux-ram-share=on' option,
which allows anonymous memory to be transferred in place to the new process
by transferring a memory descriptor for each ram block.  Memory-backend
objects must have the share=on attribute, but memory-backend-epc is not
supported.

The user starts new QEMU on the same host as old QEMU, with command-line
arguments to create the same machine, plus the -incoming option for the
main migration channel, like normal live migration.  In addition, the user
adds a second -incoming option with channel type "cpr".  This CPR channel
must support file descriptor transfer with SCM_RIGHTS, i.e. it must be a
UNIX domain socket.

To initiate CPR, the user issues a migrate command to old QEMU, adding
a second migration channel of type "cpr" in the channels argument.
Old QEMU stops the VM, saves state to the migration channels, and enters
the postmigrate state.  New QEMU mmap's memory descriptors, and execution
resumes.

The implementation splits qmp_migrate into start and finish functions.
Start sends CPR state to new QEMU, which responds by closing the CPR
channel.  Old QEMU detects the HUP then calls finish, which connects the
main migration channel.

In summary, the usage is:

  qemu-system-$arch -machine aux-ram-share=on ...

  start new QEMU with "-incoming <main-uri> -incoming <cpr-channel>"

  Issue commands to old QEMU:
    migrate_set_parameter mode cpr-transfer

    {"execute": "migrate", ...
        {"channel-type": "main"...}, {"channel-type": "cpr"...} ... }

Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1736967650-129648-17-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
This commit is contained in:
Steve Sistare 2025-01-15 11:00:42 -08:00 • committed by Fabiano Rosas
parent b3698869f4
commit 624e6e654e
11 changed files with 210 additions and 10 deletions
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44
qapi/migration.json
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@ -614,9 +614,48 @@
# or COLO.
#
# (since 8.2)
#
# @cpr-transfer: This mode allows the user to transfer a guest to a
# new QEMU instance on the same host with minimal guest pause
# time by preserving guest RAM in place. Devices and their pinned
# pages will also be preserved in a future QEMU release.
#
# The user starts new QEMU on the same host as old QEMU, with
# command-line arguments to create the same machine, plus the
# -incoming option for the main migration channel, like normal
# live migration. In addition, the user adds a second -incoming
# option with channel type "cpr". This CPR channel must support
# file descriptor transfer with SCM_RIGHTS, i.e. it must be a
# UNIX domain socket.
#
# To initiate CPR, the user issues a migrate command to old QEMU,
# adding a second migration channel of type "cpr" in the channels
# argument. Old QEMU stops the VM, saves state to the migration
# channels, and enters the postmigrate state. Execution resumes
# in new QEMU.
#
# New QEMU reads the CPR channel before opening a monitor, hence
# the CPR channel cannot be specified in the list of channels for
# a migrate-incoming command. It may only be specified on the
# command line.
#
# The main channel address cannot be a file type, and for an
# inet socket, the port cannot be 0 (meaning dynamically choose
# a port).
#
# Memory-backend objects must have the share=on attribute, but
# memory-backend-epc is not supported. The VM must be started
# with the '-machine aux-ram-share=on' option.
#
# When using -incoming defer, you must issue the migrate command
# to old QEMU before issuing any monitor commands to new QEMU.
# However, new QEMU does not open and read the migration stream
# until you issue the migrate incoming command.
#
# (since 10.0)
##
{ 'enum': 'MigMode',
'data': [ 'normal', 'cpr-reboot' ] }
'data': [ 'normal', 'cpr-reboot', 'cpr-transfer' ] }
##
# @ZeroPageDetection:
@ -1578,11 +1617,12 @@
# The migration channel-type request options.
#
# @main: Main outbound migration channel.
# @cpr: Checkpoint and restart state channel.
#
# Since: 8.1
##
{ 'enum': 'MigrationChannelType',
'data': [ 'main' ] }
'data': [ 'main', 'cpr' ] }
##
# @MigrationChannel: