block/file-*: *_parse_filename() and colons

The file drivers' *_parse_filename() implementations just strip the
optional protocol prefix off the filename. However, for e.g.
"file:foo:bar", this would lead to "foo:bar" being stored as the BDS's
filename which looks like it should be managed using the "foo" protocol.
This is especially troublesome if you then try to resolve a backing
filename based on "foo:bar".

This issue can only occur if the stripped part is a relative filename
("file:/foo:bar" will be shortened to "/foo:bar" and having a slash
before the first colon means that "/foo" is not recognized as a protocol
part). Therefore, we can easily fix it by prepending "./" to such
filenames.

Before this patch:
$ ./qemu-img create -f qcow2 backing.qcow2 64M
Formatting 'backing.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=67108864 encryption=off
    cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
$ ./qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b backing.qcow2 file🔝image.qcow2
Formatting 'file🔝image.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=67108864
    backing_file=backing.qcow2 encryption=off cluster_size=65536
    lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
$ ./qemu-io file🔝image.qcow2
can't open device file🔝image.qcow2: Could not open backing file:
    Unknown protocol 'top'

After this patch:
$ ./qemu-io file🔝image.qcow2
[no error]

Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170522195217.12991-3-mreitz@redhat.com
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>

include/block/block_int.h

@@ -682,6 +682,9 @@ int get_tmp_filename(char *filename, int size);
 BlockDriver *bdrv_probe_all(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size,
                             const char *filename);
 
+void bdrv_parse_filename_strip_prefix(const char *filename, const char *prefix,
+                                      QDict *options);
+
 
 /**
  * bdrv_add_before_write_notifier: