avrdude base

2025-10-23 16:51:21 -06:00 · 2018-04-19 10:35:47 +02:00 · 2018-04-19 10:35:47 +02:00 · 1caeab913b
commit 1caeab913b
parent c4478ccffa
415 changed files with 167903 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/xs/src/avrdude/bitbang.c
+++ b/xs/src/avrdude/bitbang.c
@ -0,0 +1,655 @@
+/*
+ * avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
+ * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003  Brian S. Dean <bsd@bsdhome.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2005 Michael Holzt <kju-avr@fqdn.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Darell Tan <darell.tan@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+/* $Id$ */
+
+#include "ac_cfg.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#if !defined(WIN32NATIVE)
+#  include <signal.h>
+#  include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "avrdude.h"
+#include "libavrdude.h"
+
+#include "par.h"
+#include "serbb.h"
+#include "tpi.h"
+#include "bitbang.h"
+
+static int delay_decrement;
+
+#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
+static int has_perfcount;
+static LARGE_INTEGER freq;
+#else
+static volatile int done;
+
+typedef void (*mysighandler_t)(int);
+static mysighandler_t saved_alarmhandler;
+
+static void alarmhandler(int signo)
+{
+  done = 1;
+  signal(SIGALRM, saved_alarmhandler);
+}
+#endif /* WIN32NATIVE */
+
+/*
+ * Calibrate the microsecond delay loop below.
+ */
+static void bitbang_calibrate_delay(void)
+{
+#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
+  /*
+   * If the hardware supports a high-resolution performance counter,
+   * we ultimately prefer that one, as it gives quite accurate delays
+   * on modern high-speed CPUs.
+   */
+  if (QueryPerformanceFrequency(&freq))
+  {
+    has_perfcount = 1;
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: Using performance counter for bitbang delays\n",
+                    progname);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    /*
+     * If a high-resolution performance counter is not available, we
+     * don't have any Win32 implementation for setting up the
+     * per-microsecond delay count, so we can only run on a
+     * preconfigured delay stepping there.  The figure below should at
+     * least be correct within an order of magnitude, judging from the
+     * auto-calibration figures seen on various Unix systems on
+     * comparable hardware.
+     */
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: Using guessed per-microsecond delay count for bitbang delays\n",
+                    progname);
+    delay_decrement = 100;
+  }
+#else  /* !WIN32NATIVE */
+  struct itimerval itv;
+  volatile int i;
+
+  avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: Calibrating delay loop...",
+                  progname);
+  i = 0;
+  done = 0;
+  saved_alarmhandler = signal(SIGALRM, alarmhandler);
+  /*
+   * Set ITIMER_REAL to 100 ms.  All known systems have a timer
+   * granularity of 10 ms or better, so counting the delay cycles
+   * accumulating over 100 ms should give us a rather realistic
+   * picture, without annoying the user by a lengthy startup time (as
+   * an alarm(1) would do).  Of course, if heavy system activity
+   * happens just during calibration but stops before the remaining
+   * part of AVRDUDE runs, this will yield wrong values.  There's not
+   * much we can do about this.
+   */
+  itv.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+  itv.it_value.tv_usec = 100000;
+  itv.it_interval.tv_sec = itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+  setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, 0);
+  while (!done)
+    i--;
+  itv.it_value.tv_sec = itv.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
+  setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, 0);
+  /*
+   * Calculate back from 100 ms to 1 us.
+   */
+  delay_decrement = -i / 100000;
+  avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, " calibrated to %d cycles per us\n",
+                  delay_decrement);
+#endif /* WIN32NATIVE */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Delay for approximately the number of microseconds specified.
+ * usleep()'s granularity is usually like 1 ms or 10 ms, so it's not
+ * really suitable for short delays in bit-bang algorithms.
+ */
+void bitbang_delay(unsigned int us)
+{
+#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
+  LARGE_INTEGER countNow, countEnd;
+
+  if (has_perfcount)
+  {
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(&countNow);
+    countEnd.QuadPart = countNow.QuadPart + freq.QuadPart * us / 1000000ll;
+
+    while (countNow.QuadPart < countEnd.QuadPart)
+      QueryPerformanceCounter(&countNow);
+  }
+  else /* no performance counters -- run normal uncalibrated delay */
+  {
+#endif  /* WIN32NATIVE */
+  volatile unsigned int del = us * delay_decrement;
+
+  while (del > 0)
+    del--;
+#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
+  }
+#endif /* WIN32NATIVE */
+}
+
+/*
+ * transmit and receive a byte of data to/from the AVR device
+ */
+static unsigned char bitbang_txrx(PROGRAMMER * pgm, unsigned char byte)
+{
+  int i;
+  unsigned char r, b, rbyte;
+
+  rbyte = 0;
+  for (i=7; i>=0; i--) {
+    /*
+     * Write and read one bit on SPI.
+     * Some notes on timing: Let T be the time it takes to do
+     * one pgm->setpin()-call resp. par clrpin()-call, then
+     * - SCK is high for 2T
+     * - SCK is low for 2T
+     * - MOSI setuptime is 1T
+     * - MOSI holdtime is 3T
+     * - SCK low to MISO read is 2T to 3T
+     * So we are within programming specs (expect for AT90S1200),
+     * if and only if T>t_CLCL (t_CLCL=clock period of target system).
+     *
+     * Due to the delay introduced by "IN" and "OUT"-commands,
+     * T is greater than 1us (more like 2us) on x86-architectures.
+     * So programming works safely down to 1MHz target clock.
+    */
+
+    b = (byte >> i) & 0x01;
+
+    /* set the data input line as desired */
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, b);
+
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK, 1);
+
+    /*
+     * read the result bit (it is either valid from a previous falling
+     * edge or it is ignored in the current context)
+     */
+    r = pgm->getpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MISO);
+
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK, 0);
+
+    rbyte |= r << i;
+  }
+
+  return rbyte;
+}
+
+static int bitbang_tpi_clk(PROGRAMMER * pgm) 
+{
+  unsigned char r = 0;
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK, 1);
+
+  r = pgm->getpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MISO);
+
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK, 0);
+
+  return r;
+}
+
+void bitbang_tpi_tx(PROGRAMMER * pgm, unsigned char byte) 
+{
+  int i;
+  unsigned char b, parity;
+
+  /* start bit */
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 0);
+  bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+
+  parity = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i <= 7; i++) {
+    b = (byte >> i) & 0x01;
+    parity ^= b;
+
+    /* set the data input line as desired */
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, b);
+    bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+  }
+  
+  /* parity bit */
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, parity);
+  bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+
+  /* 2 stop bits */
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 1);
+  bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+  bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+}
+
+int bitbang_tpi_rx(PROGRAMMER * pgm) 
+{
+  int i;
+  unsigned char b, rbyte, parity;
+
+  /* make sure pin is on for "pullup" */
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 1);
+
+  /* wait for start bit (up to 10 bits) */
+  b = 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    b = bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+    if (b == 0)
+      break;
+  }
+  if (b != 0) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "bitbang_tpi_rx: start bit not received correctly\n");
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  rbyte = 0;
+  parity = 0;
+  for (i=0; i<=7; i++) {
+    b = bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+    parity ^= b;
+
+    rbyte |= b << i;
+  }
+
+  /* parity bit */
+  if (bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm) != parity) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "bitbang_tpi_rx: parity bit is wrong\n");
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  /* 2 stop bits */
+  b = 1;
+  b &= bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+  b &= bitbang_tpi_clk(pgm);
+  if (b != 1) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "bitbang_tpi_rx: stop bits not received correctly\n");
+    return -1;
+  }
+  
+  return rbyte;
+}
+
+int bitbang_rdy_led(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int value)
+{
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_RDY, !value);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int bitbang_err_led(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int value)
+{
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_ERR, !value);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int bitbang_pgm_led(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int value)
+{
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_PGM, !value);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int bitbang_vfy_led(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int value)
+{
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_VFY, !value);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * transmit an AVR device command and return the results; 'cmd' and
+ * 'res' must point to at least a 4 byte data buffer
+ */
+int bitbang_cmd(PROGRAMMER * pgm, const unsigned char *cmd,
+                   unsigned char *res)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
+    res[i] = bitbang_txrx(pgm, cmd[i]);
+  }
+
+    if(verbose >= 2)
+	{
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "bitbang_cmd(): [ ");
+        for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+            avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", cmd[i]);
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "] [ ");
+        for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+		{
+            avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", res[i]);
+		}
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "]\n");
+	}
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int bitbang_cmd_tpi(PROGRAMMER * pgm, const unsigned char *cmd,
+                       int cmd_len, unsigned char *res, int res_len)
+{
+  int i, r;
+
+  pgm->pgm_led(pgm, ON);
+
+  for (i=0; i<cmd_len; i++) {
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, cmd[i]);
+  }
+
+  r = 0;
+  for (i=0; i<res_len; i++) {
+    r = bitbang_tpi_rx(pgm);
+    if (r == -1)
+      break;
+    res[i] = r;
+  }
+
+  if(verbose >= 2)
+  {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "bitbang_cmd_tpi(): [ ");
+    for(i = 0; i < cmd_len; i++)
+      avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", cmd[i]);
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "] [ ");
+    for(i = 0; i < res_len; i++)
+    {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", res[i]);
+    }
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "]\n");
+  }
+
+  pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
+  if (r == -1)
+    return -1;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * transmit bytes via SPI and return the results; 'cmd' and
+ * 'res' must point to data buffers
+ */
+int bitbang_spi(PROGRAMMER * pgm, const unsigned char *cmd,
+                   unsigned char *res, int count)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_PGM, 0);
+
+  for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
+    res[i] = bitbang_txrx(pgm, cmd[i]);
+  }
+
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_LED_PGM, 1);
+
+  if(verbose >= 2)
+	{
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "bitbang_cmd(): [ ");
+        for(i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", cmd[i]);
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "] [ ");
+        for(i = 0; i < count; i++)
+		{
+            avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%02X ", res[i]);
+		}
+        avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "]\n");
+	}
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * issue the 'chip erase' command to the AVR device
+ */
+int bitbang_chip_erase(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
+{
+  unsigned char cmd[4];
+  unsigned char res[4];
+  AVRMEM *mem;
+
+  if (p->flags & AVRPART_HAS_TPI) {
+    pgm->pgm_led(pgm, ON);
+
+    while (avr_tpi_poll_nvmbsy(pgm));
+
+    /* NVMCMD <- CHIP_ERASE */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SOUT | TPI_SIO_ADDR(TPI_IOREG_NVMCMD));
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_NVMCMD_CHIP_ERASE); /* CHIP_ERASE */
+
+    /* Set Pointer Register */
+    mem = avr_locate_mem(p, "flash");
+    if (mem == NULL) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "No flash memory to erase for part %s\n",
+          p->desc);
+      return -1;
+    }
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SSTPR | 0);
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, (mem->offset & 0xFF) | 1);  /* high byte */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SSTPR | 1);
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, (mem->offset >> 8) & 0xFF);
+
+    /* write dummy value to start erase */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SST);
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, 0xFF);
+
+    while (avr_tpi_poll_nvmbsy(pgm));
+
+    pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE] == NULL) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "chip erase instruction not defined for part \"%s\"\n",
+            p->desc);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  pgm->pgm_led(pgm, ON);
+
+  memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
+
+  avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE], cmd);
+  pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
+  usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
+  pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
+
+  pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * issue the 'program enable' command to the AVR device
+ */
+int bitbang_program_enable(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
+{
+  unsigned char cmd[4];
+  unsigned char res[4];
+  int i;
+
+  if (p->flags & AVRPART_HAS_TPI) {
+    /* enable NVM programming */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SKEY);
+    for (i = sizeof(tpi_skey) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+      bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, tpi_skey[i]);
+
+    /* check NVMEN bit */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SLDCS | TPI_REG_TPISR);
+    i = bitbang_tpi_rx(pgm);
+    return (i != -1 && (i & TPI_REG_TPISR_NVMEN)) ? 0 : -2;
+  }
+
+  if (p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE] == NULL) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "program enable instruction not defined for part \"%s\"\n",
+            p->desc);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
+  avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE], cmd);
+  pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
+
+  if (res[2] != cmd[1])
+    return -2;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize the AVR device and prepare it to accept commands
+ */
+int bitbang_initialize(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
+{
+  int rc;
+  int tries;
+  int i;
+
+  bitbang_calibrate_delay();
+
+  pgm->powerup(pgm);
+  usleep(20000);
+
+  /* TPIDATA is a single line, so MISO & MOSI should be connected */
+  if (p->flags & AVRPART_HAS_TPI) {
+    /* make sure cmd_tpi() is defined */
+    if (pgm->cmd_tpi == NULL) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Error: %s programmer does not support TPI\n",
+          progname, pgm->type);
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+	/* bring RESET high first */
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_RESET, 1);
+	usleep(1000);
+
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "doing MOSI-MISO link check\n");
+
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 0);
+    if (pgm->getpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MISO) != 0) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "MOSI->MISO 0 failed\n");
+      return -1;
+    }
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 1);
+    if (pgm->getpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MISO) != 1) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "MOSI->MISO 1 failed\n");
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "MOSI-MISO link present\n");
+  }
+
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK, 0);
+  pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_RESET, 0);
+  usleep(20000);
+
+  if (p->flags & AVRPART_HAS_TPI) {
+    /* keep TPIDATA high for 16 clock cycles */
+    pgm->setpin(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI, 1);
+    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+      pgm->highpulsepin(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK);
+
+    /* remove extra guard timing bits */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SSTCS | TPI_REG_TPIPCR);
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, 0x7);
+
+    /* read TPI ident reg */
+    bitbang_tpi_tx(pgm, TPI_CMD_SLDCS | TPI_REG_TPIIR);
+    rc = bitbang_tpi_rx(pgm);
+    if (rc != 0x80) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "TPIIR not correct\n");
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } else {
+    pgm->highpulsepin(pgm, PIN_AVR_RESET);
+  }
+
+  usleep(20000); /* 20 ms XXX should be a per-chip parameter */
+
+  /*
+   * Enable programming mode.  If we are programming an AT90S1200, we
+   * can only issue the command and hope it worked.  If we are using
+   * one of the other chips, the chip will echo 0x53 when issuing the
+   * third byte of the command.  In this case, try up to 32 times in
+   * order to possibly get back into sync with the chip if we are out
+   * of sync.
+   */
+  if (p->flags & AVRPART_IS_AT90S1200) {
+    pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
+  }
+  else {
+    tries = 0;
+    do {
+      rc = pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
+      if ((rc == 0)||(rc == -1))
+        break;
+      pgm->highpulsepin(pgm, p->retry_pulse/*PIN_AVR_SCK*/);
+      tries++;
+    } while (tries < 65);
+
+    /*
+     * can't sync with the device, maybe it's not attached?
+     */
+    if (rc) {
+      avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: AVR device not responding\n", progname);
+      return -1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_pin_assigned(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int pin, char * desc)
+{
+  if (pgm->pinno[pin] == 0) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: no pin has been assigned for %s\n",
+            progname, desc);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Verify all prerequisites for a bit-bang programmer are present.
+ */
+int bitbang_check_prerequisites(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
+{
+
+  if (verify_pin_assigned(pgm, PIN_AVR_RESET, "AVR RESET") < 0)
+    return -1;
+  if (verify_pin_assigned(pgm, PIN_AVR_SCK,   "AVR SCK") < 0)
+    return -1;
+  if (verify_pin_assigned(pgm, PIN_AVR_MISO,  "AVR MISO") < 0)
+    return -1;
+  if (verify_pin_assigned(pgm, PIN_AVR_MOSI,  "AVR MOSI") < 0)
+    return -1;
+
+  if (pgm->cmd == NULL) {
+    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: no cmd() method defined for bitbang programmer\n",
+            progname);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}