From 769ec0cb030b0705cd50003ec12d02ef7ac03c1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Tue, 26 Mar 2013 13:04:57 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 01/78] Better clipping of honeycomb paths

---
 lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm | 11 ++++++-----
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
index 9e4ff8a27c..a2386d6038 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
@@ -78,13 +78,14 @@ sub fill_surface {
         $self->cache->{$cache_id} = [@polygons];
     }
     
-    # build polylines from polygons without re-appending the initial point:
+    # consider polygons as polylines without re-appending the initial point:
     # this cuts the last segment on purpose, so that the jump to the next 
     # path is more straight
-    my @paths = map Slic3r::Polyline->new(@$_), map @$_, @{intersection_ex(
-        $self->cache->{$cache_id},
-        $expolygon,
-    )};
+    my @paths = map Slic3r::Polyline->new($_),
+        @{ Boost::Geometry::Utils::polygon_multi_linestring_intersection(
+            $expolygon,
+            $self->cache->{$cache_id},
+        ) };
     
     return { flow_spacing => $params{flow_spacing} },
         Slic3r::Polyline::Collection->new(polylines => \@paths)->chained_path;

From 55c413627f8545fb5d2b75efb157d30689985d53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Miro=20Hron=C4=8Dok?= <miro@hroncok.cz>
Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2013 16:17:43 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 02/78] Bugfix: configuration wizard crash 2 #1077

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
index 1bcaa4d90e..1a822a054c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
@@ -234,7 +234,9 @@ sub load_config {
     my ($config) = @_;
     
     foreach my $tab (values %{$self->{options_tabs}}) {
-        $tab->set_value($_, $config->$_) for keys %$config;
+        if ($self->{mode} eq 'expert') {
+            $tab->set_value($_, $config->$_) for keys %$config;
+        }
     }
 }
 

From fc1a23f5b0447c9d43e7060b49e278fad81ee7f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 16 May 2013 12:01:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/78] Quick and dirty OpenGL mockup

---
 MANIFEST                              |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm                     |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm |  19 +++
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm       | 182 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 203 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index bc338a5cea..24253e6bf5 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ lib/Slic3r/GUI/OptionsGroup.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Preferences.pm
+lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Tab.pm
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index 1c60f85732..399b978b0c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use Slic3r::GUI::Plater;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Preferences;
 use Slic3r::GUI::OptionsGroup;
+use Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas;
 use Slic3r::GUI::SkeinPanel;
 use Slic3r::GUI::SimpleTab;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Tab;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
index 6543d50da1..c1723632b4 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ sub new {
     $self->{object} = $params{object};
     
     $self->{tabpanel} = Wx::Notebook->new($self, -1, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxNB_TOP | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL);
+    $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{preview} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::PreviewTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Preview");
     $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{info} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::InfoTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Info");
     $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{layers} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::LayersTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Layers");
     
@@ -83,6 +84,24 @@ sub get_properties {
 	];
 }
 
+package Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::PreviewTab;
+use Wx qw(:dialog :id :misc :sizer :systemsettings);
+use base 'Wx::Panel';
+
+sub new {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my ($parent, %params) = @_;
+    my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent, -1, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize);
+    $self->{object} = $params{object};
+    
+    my $sizer = Wx::BoxSizer->new(wxVERTICAL);
+    $sizer->Add(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas::Cube->new($self, $self->{object}->get_model_object->mesh), 1, wxEXPAND, 0);
+    $self->SetSizer($sizer);
+    $sizer->SetSizeHints($self);
+    
+    return $self;
+}
+
 package Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::LayersTab;
 use Wx qw(:dialog :id :misc :sizer :systemsettings);
 use Wx::Grid;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..122df54b8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas;
+ 
+use strict;
+ 
+use Wx::Event qw(EVT_PAINT EVT_SIZE EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND EVT_IDLE EVT_TIMER);
+# must load OpenGL *before* Wx::GLCanvas
+use OpenGL qw(:glconstants :glfunctions);
+use base qw(Wx::GLCanvas Class::Accessor::Fast);
+use Wx::GLCanvas qw(:all);
+ 
+__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors( qw(timer x_rot y_rot dirty init mesh) );
+ 
+sub new {
+    my( $class, $parent, $mesh ) = @_;
+    my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent);
+    $self->mesh($mesh);
+    
+    my $timer = $self->timer( Wx::Timer->new( $self ) );
+    $timer->Start( 50 );
+ 
+    $self->x_rot( 0 );
+    $self->y_rot( 0 );
+ 
+    EVT_PAINT( $self,
+               sub {
+                   my $dc = Wx::PaintDC->new( $self );
+                   $self->Render( $dc );
+               } );
+    EVT_SIZE( $self, sub { $self->dirty( 1 ) } );
+    EVT_IDLE( $self, sub {
+                  return unless $self->dirty;
+                  $self->Resize( $self->GetSizeWH );
+                  $self->Refresh;
+              } );
+    EVT_TIMER( $self, -1, sub {
+                   my( $self, $e ) = @_;
+ 
+                   $self->x_rot( $self->x_rot - 1 );
+                   $self->y_rot( $self->y_rot + 2 );
+ 
+                   $self->dirty( 1 );
+                   Wx::WakeUpIdle;
+               } );
+ 
+    return $self;
+}
+ 
+sub GetContext {
+    my( $self ) = @_;
+ 
+    if( Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009 ) {
+        return $self->{context} ||= Wx::GLContext->new( $self );
+    } else {
+        return $self->SUPER::GetContext;
+    }
+}
+ 
+sub SetCurrent {
+    my( $self, $context ) = @_;
+ 
+    if( Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009 ) {
+        return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent( $context );
+    } else {
+        return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent;
+    }
+}
+ 
+sub Resize {
+    my( $self, $x, $y ) = @_;
+ 
+    return unless $self->GetContext;
+    $self->dirty( 0 );
+ 
+    $self->SetCurrent( $self->GetContext );
+    glViewport( 0, 0, $x, $y );
+ 
+    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
+    glLoadIdentity();
+    my_gluPerspective( 45, $x/$y, .5, 100 );
+ 
+    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
+}
+ 
+use Math::Trig;
+ 
+sub my_gluPerspective {
+    my( $fov, $ratio, $near, $far ) = @_;
+ 
+    my $top = tan(deg2rad($fov)*0.5) * $near;
+    my $bottom = -$top;
+    my $left = $ratio * $bottom;
+    my $right = $ratio * $top;
+ 
+    glFrustum( $left, $right, $bottom, $top, $near, $far );
+}
+ 
+sub DESTROY {
+    my( $self ) = @_;
+ 
+    $self->timer->Stop;
+    $self->timer( undef );
+}
+ 
+package Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas::Cube;
+ 
+# must load OpenGL *before* Wx::GLCanvas
+use OpenGL qw(:glconstants :glfunctions);
+use base qw(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX);
+ 
+sub cube {
+    my( @v ) = ( [ 1, 1, 1 ], [ -1, 1, 1 ],
+                 [ -1, -1, 1 ], [ 1, -1, 1 ],
+                 [ 1, 1, -1 ], [ -1, 1, -1 ],
+                 [ -1, -1, -1 ], [ 1, -1, -1 ] );
+    my( @c ) = ( [ 1, 1, 0 ], [ 1, 0, 1 ],
+                 [ 0, 1, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 1 ],
+                 [ 0, 0, 1 ], [ 0, 1, 0 ],
+                 [ 1, 0, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 0 ] );
+    my( @s ) = ( [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ], [ 4, 5, 6, 7 ],
+                 [ 0, 1, 5, 4 ], [ 2, 3, 7, 6 ],
+                 [ 1, 2, 6, 5 ], [ 0, 3, 7, 4 ] );
+    
+    for my $i ( 0 .. 5 ) {
+        my $s = $s[$i];
+        glBegin(GL_QUADS);
+        foreach my $j ( @$s ) {
+            glColor3f( @{$c[$j]} );
+            glVertex3f( @{$v[$j]} );
+        }
+        glEnd();
+    }
+}
+
+sub draw_mesh {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my $mesh = $self->mesh;
+    $mesh->align_to_origin;
+    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
+    for my $facet (@{$mesh->facets}) {
+        glVertex3f( map 0.1 * $_, @{ $mesh->vertices->[$_] } ) for @$facet;
+    }
+    glEnd();
+}
+ 
+sub InitGL {
+    my $self = shift;
+ 
+    return if $self->init;
+    return unless $self->GetContext;
+    $self->init( 1 );
+ 
+    glDisable( GL_LIGHTING );
+    glDepthFunc( GL_LESS );
+    glEnable( GL_DEPTH_TEST );
+}
+ 
+sub Render {
+    my( $self, $dc ) = @_;
+ 
+    return unless $self->GetContext;
+    $self->SetCurrent( $self->GetContext );
+    $self->InitGL;
+ 
+    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+ 
+    glPushMatrix();
+    glTranslatef( 0, 0, -5 );
+    glRotatef( $self->x_rot, 1, 0, 0 );
+    glRotatef( $self->y_rot, 0, 0, 1 );
+ 
+    #cube();
+    $self->draw_mesh; 
+
+    glPopMatrix();
+    glFlush();
+ 
+    $self->SwapBuffers();
+}
+
+1;
\ No newline at end of file

From 228c84ddc1bbac6c544a40138723a2d089700356 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 16 May 2013 13:42:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/78] Use glDrawArrays()

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm | 55 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
index 122df54b8b..2c776e8598 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
@@ -136,12 +136,32 @@ sub draw_mesh {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $mesh = $self->mesh;
-    $mesh->align_to_origin;
-    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
-    for my $facet (@{$mesh->facets}) {
-        glVertex3f( map 0.1 * $_, @{ $mesh->vertices->[$_] } ) for @$facet;
-    }
-    glEnd();
+    
+    #glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
+    glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
+    #glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
+    
+    my @verts = map 0.1 * $_, map @{ $mesh->vertices->[$_] }, map @$_, @{$mesh->facets};
+    my $verts = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @verts);
+    
+    #my @norms = map @$_, map {my $f = $_; Slic3r::Geometry::triangle_normal(map $mesh->vertices->[$_], @$f) } @{$mesh->facets};
+    #my $norms = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @norms);
+    
+    #my @inv_norms = map @$_, map {my $f = $_; Slic3r::Geometry::triangle_normal(reverse map $mesh->vertices->[$_], @$f) } @{$mesh->facets};
+    #my $inv_norms = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @inv_norms);
+    
+    glVertexPointer_p(3, $verts);
+    
+    #glCullFace(GL_BACK);
+    #glNormalPointer_p($norms);
+    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, scalar @verts);
+    
+    #glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
+    #glNormalPointer_p($inv_norms);
+    #glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, scalar @verts);
+    
+    #glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
+    glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
 }
  
 sub InitGL {
@@ -151,9 +171,32 @@ sub InitGL {
     return unless $self->GetContext;
     $self->init( 1 );
  
+    $self->mesh->align_to_origin;
+ 
     glDisable( GL_LIGHTING );
     glDepthFunc( GL_LESS );
     glEnable( GL_DEPTH_TEST );
+    
+    if (0) {
+        # Settings for our light.
+        my @Light_Ambient  = ( 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0 );
+        my @Light_Diffuse  = ( 1.2, 1.2, 1.2, 1.0 );
+        my @Light_Position = ( 2.0, 2.0, 0.0, 1.0 );
+    
+        
+            # Enables Smooth Color Shading; try GL_FLAT for (lack of) fun.
+          glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
+        
+          # Set up a light, turn it on.
+          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, @Light_Position);
+          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT,  @Light_Ambient);
+          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE,  @Light_Diffuse);
+          glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);
+          
+          # A handy trick -- have surface material mirror the color.
+        glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
+        glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
+    }
 }
  
 sub Render {

From 5c74fd095b93151fc3956d158bbbdfd3ccb2dd96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 17 May 2013 14:14:33 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 05/78] Very basic implementation of 3D preview - install
 Wx::GLCanvas to get it working

---
 MANIFEST                              |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm                     |   3 +-
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm |   8 +-
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm       | 263 ++++++++++++--------------
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm                |  15 +-
 lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm            |  13 ++
 utils/view-mesh.pl                    |  67 +++++++
 7 files changed, 221 insertions(+), 149 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 utils/view-mesh.pl

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 24253e6bf5..22766599f7 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ utils/post-processing/decimate.pl
 utils/post-processing/flowrate.pl
 utils/split_stl.pl
 utils/stl-to-amf.pl
+utils/view-mesh.pl
 utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r
 utils/zsh/README.markdown
 var/add.png
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index 399b978b0c..09aa80a98b 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ use Slic3r::GUI::Plater;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Preferences;
 use Slic3r::GUI::OptionsGroup;
-use Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas;
 use Slic3r::GUI::SkeinPanel;
 use Slic3r::GUI::SimpleTab;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Tab;
 
+our $have_OpenGL = eval "use Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas; 1";
+
 use Wx 0.9901 qw(:bitmap :dialog :frame :icon :id :misc :systemsettings :toplevelwindow);
 use Wx::Event qw(EVT_CLOSE EVT_MENU);
 use base 'Wx::App';
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
index c1723632b4..3cb725e649 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ use base 'Wx::Dialog';
 sub new {
     my $class = shift;
     my ($parent, %params) = @_;
-    my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent, -1, "Object", wxDefaultPosition, [500,350]);
+    my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent, -1, "Object", wxDefaultPosition, [500,350], wxDEFAULT_DIALOG_STYLE | wxRESIZE_BORDER);
     $self->{object} = $params{object};
     
     $self->{tabpanel} = Wx::Notebook->new($self, -1, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxNB_TOP | wxTAB_TRAVERSAL);
-    $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{preview} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::PreviewTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Preview");
+    $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{preview} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::PreviewTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Preview")
+        if $Slic3r::GUI::have_OpenGL;
     $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{info} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::InfoTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Info");
     $self->{tabpanel}->AddPage($self->{layers} = Slic3r::GUI::Plater::ObjectDialog::LayersTab->new($self->{tabpanel}, object => $self->{object}), "Layers");
     
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ sub new {
     $sizer->Add($buttons, 0, wxEXPAND | wxBOTTOM | wxLEFT | wxRIGHT, 10);
     
     $self->SetSizer($sizer);
+    $self->SetMinSize($self->GetSize);
     
     return $self;
 }
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ sub new {
     $self->{object} = $params{object};
     
     my $sizer = Wx::BoxSizer->new(wxVERTICAL);
-    $sizer->Add(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas::Cube->new($self, $self->{object}->get_model_object->mesh), 1, wxEXPAND, 0);
+    $sizer->Add(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas->new($self, $self->{object}->get_model_object->mesh), 1, wxEXPAND, 0);
     $self->SetSizer($sizer);
     $sizer->SetSizeHints($self);
     
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
index 2c776e8598..f70a0bba66 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
@@ -1,90 +1,111 @@
 package Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas;
- 
 use strict;
+use warnings;
  
-use Wx::Event qw(EVT_PAINT EVT_SIZE EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND EVT_IDLE EVT_TIMER);
+use Wx::Event qw(EVT_PAINT EVT_SIZE EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND EVT_IDLE EVT_TIMER EVT_MOUSEWHEEL);
 # must load OpenGL *before* Wx::GLCanvas
 use OpenGL qw(:glconstants :glfunctions);
-use base qw(Wx::GLCanvas Class::Accessor::Fast);
+use base qw(Wx::GLCanvas Class::Accessor);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX triangle_normal normalize deg2rad tan);
 use Wx::GLCanvas qw(:all);
  
-__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors( qw(timer x_rot y_rot dirty init mesh) );
+__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors( qw(timer x_rot y_rot dirty init mesh_center zoom
+                            verts norms) );
  
 sub new {
-    my( $class, $parent, $mesh ) = @_;
+    my ($class, $parent, $mesh) = @_;
     my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent);
-    $self->mesh($mesh);
     
-    my $timer = $self->timer( Wx::Timer->new( $self ) );
-    $timer->Start( 50 );
- 
-    $self->x_rot( 0 );
-    $self->y_rot( 0 );
- 
-    EVT_PAINT( $self,
-               sub {
-                   my $dc = Wx::PaintDC->new( $self );
-                   $self->Render( $dc );
-               } );
-    EVT_SIZE( $self, sub { $self->dirty( 1 ) } );
-    EVT_IDLE( $self, sub {
-                  return unless $self->dirty;
-                  $self->Resize( $self->GetSizeWH );
-                  $self->Refresh;
-              } );
-    EVT_TIMER( $self, -1, sub {
-                   my( $self, $e ) = @_;
- 
-                   $self->x_rot( $self->x_rot - 1 );
-                   $self->y_rot( $self->y_rot + 2 );
- 
-                   $self->dirty( 1 );
-                   Wx::WakeUpIdle;
-               } );
- 
+    # prepare mesh
+    {
+        $self->mesh_center($mesh->center);
+        $self->zoom(0.1);
+        
+        my @verts = map $self->zoom * $_, map @{ $mesh->vertices->[$_] }, map @$_, @{$mesh->facets};
+        $self->verts(OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @verts));
+        
+        my @norms = map { @$_, @$_, @$_ } map normalize(triangle_normal(map $mesh->vertices->[$_], @$_)), @{$mesh->facets};
+        $self->norms(OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @norms));
+    }
+    
+    my $timer = $self->timer( Wx::Timer->new($self) );
+    $timer->Start(50);
+    
+    $self->x_rot(0);
+    $self->y_rot(0);
+    
+    EVT_PAINT($self, sub {
+        my $dc = Wx::PaintDC->new($self);
+        $self->Render($dc);
+    });
+    EVT_SIZE($self, sub { $self->dirty(1) });
+    EVT_IDLE($self, sub {
+        return unless $self->dirty;
+        return if !$self->IsShownOnScreen;
+        $self->Resize( $self->GetSizeWH );
+        $self->Refresh;
+    });
+    EVT_TIMER($self, -1, sub {
+        my ($self, $e) = @_;
+        
+        $self->x_rot( $self->x_rot - 1 );
+        $self->y_rot( $self->y_rot + 2 );
+        
+        $self->dirty(1);
+        Wx::WakeUpIdle;
+    });
+    EVT_MOUSEWHEEL($self, sub {
+        my ($self, $e) = @_;
+        
+        my $zoom = $self->zoom * (1.0 - $e->GetWheelRotation() / $e->GetWheelDelta() / 10);
+        $zoom = 0.001 if $zoom < 0.001;
+        $zoom = 0.1 if $zoom > 0.1;
+        $self->zoom($zoom);
+        
+        $self->Refresh;
+    });
+    
     return $self;
 }
  
 sub GetContext {
-    my( $self ) = @_;
- 
-    if( Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009 ) {
-        return $self->{context} ||= Wx::GLContext->new( $self );
+    my ($self) = @_;
+    
+    if (Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009) {
+        return $self->{context} ||= Wx::GLContext->new($self);
     } else {
         return $self->SUPER::GetContext;
     }
 }
  
 sub SetCurrent {
-    my( $self, $context ) = @_;
- 
-    if( Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009 ) {
-        return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent( $context );
+    my ($self, $context) = @_;
+    
+    if (Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009) {
+        return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent($context);
     } else {
         return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent;
     }
 }
  
 sub Resize {
-    my( $self, $x, $y ) = @_;
+    my ($self, $x, $y) = @_;
  
     return unless $self->GetContext;
-    $self->dirty( 0 );
+    $self->dirty(0);
  
-    $self->SetCurrent( $self->GetContext );
-    glViewport( 0, 0, $x, $y );
+    $self->SetCurrent($self->GetContext);
+    glViewport(0, 0, $x, $y);
  
     glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
     glLoadIdentity();
-    my_gluPerspective( 45, $x/$y, .5, 100 );
+    my_gluPerspective(45, $x/$y, .5, 100);
  
     glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
 }
  
-use Math::Trig;
- 
 sub my_gluPerspective {
-    my( $fov, $ratio, $near, $far ) = @_;
+    my ($fov, $ratio, $near, $far) = @_;
  
     my $top = tan(deg2rad($fov)*0.5) * $near;
     my $bottom = -$top;
@@ -95,73 +116,10 @@ sub my_gluPerspective {
 }
  
 sub DESTROY {
-    my( $self ) = @_;
+    my $self = shift;
  
     $self->timer->Stop;
-    $self->timer( undef );
-}
- 
-package Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas::Cube;
- 
-# must load OpenGL *before* Wx::GLCanvas
-use OpenGL qw(:glconstants :glfunctions);
-use base qw(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas);
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX);
- 
-sub cube {
-    my( @v ) = ( [ 1, 1, 1 ], [ -1, 1, 1 ],
-                 [ -1, -1, 1 ], [ 1, -1, 1 ],
-                 [ 1, 1, -1 ], [ -1, 1, -1 ],
-                 [ -1, -1, -1 ], [ 1, -1, -1 ] );
-    my( @c ) = ( [ 1, 1, 0 ], [ 1, 0, 1 ],
-                 [ 0, 1, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 1 ],
-                 [ 0, 0, 1 ], [ 0, 1, 0 ],
-                 [ 1, 0, 1 ], [ 1, 1, 0 ] );
-    my( @s ) = ( [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ], [ 4, 5, 6, 7 ],
-                 [ 0, 1, 5, 4 ], [ 2, 3, 7, 6 ],
-                 [ 1, 2, 6, 5 ], [ 0, 3, 7, 4 ] );
-    
-    for my $i ( 0 .. 5 ) {
-        my $s = $s[$i];
-        glBegin(GL_QUADS);
-        foreach my $j ( @$s ) {
-            glColor3f( @{$c[$j]} );
-            glVertex3f( @{$v[$j]} );
-        }
-        glEnd();
-    }
-}
-
-sub draw_mesh {
-    my $self = shift;
-    
-    my $mesh = $self->mesh;
-    
-    #glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
-    glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
-    #glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
-    
-    my @verts = map 0.1 * $_, map @{ $mesh->vertices->[$_] }, map @$_, @{$mesh->facets};
-    my $verts = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @verts);
-    
-    #my @norms = map @$_, map {my $f = $_; Slic3r::Geometry::triangle_normal(map $mesh->vertices->[$_], @$f) } @{$mesh->facets};
-    #my $norms = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @norms);
-    
-    #my @inv_norms = map @$_, map {my $f = $_; Slic3r::Geometry::triangle_normal(reverse map $mesh->vertices->[$_], @$f) } @{$mesh->facets};
-    #my $inv_norms = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @inv_norms);
-    
-    glVertexPointer_p(3, $verts);
-    
-    #glCullFace(GL_BACK);
-    #glNormalPointer_p($norms);
-    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, scalar @verts);
-    
-    #glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
-    #glNormalPointer_p($inv_norms);
-    #glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, scalar @verts);
-    
-    #glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
-    glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
+    $self->timer(undef);
 }
  
 sub InitGL {
@@ -169,51 +127,51 @@ sub InitGL {
  
     return if $self->init;
     return unless $self->GetContext;
-    $self->init( 1 );
- 
-    $self->mesh->align_to_origin;
- 
-    glDisable( GL_LIGHTING );
-    glDepthFunc( GL_LESS );
-    glEnable( GL_DEPTH_TEST );
+    $self->init(1);
     
-    if (0) {
-        # Settings for our light.
-        my @Light_Ambient  = ( 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0 );
-        my @Light_Diffuse  = ( 1.2, 1.2, 1.2, 1.0 );
-        my @Light_Position = ( 2.0, 2.0, 0.0, 1.0 );
+    glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
+    glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
+    glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
+    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
     
-        
-            # Enables Smooth Color Shading; try GL_FLAT for (lack of) fun.
-          glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
-        
-          # Set up a light, turn it on.
-          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, @Light_Position);
-          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT,  @Light_Ambient);
-          glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE,  @Light_Diffuse);
-          glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);
-          
-          # A handy trick -- have surface material mirror the color.
-        glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
-        glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
-    }
+    # Settings for our light.
+    my @LightPos        = (0, 0, 2, 1.0);
+    my @LightAmbient    = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0);
+    my @LightDiffuse    = (0.7, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0);
+    my @LightSpecular   = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1);
+    
+    # Enables Smooth Color Shading; try GL_FLAT for (lack of) fun.
+    glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
+    
+    # Set up a light, turn it on.
+    glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, @LightPos);
+    glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT,  @LightAmbient);
+    glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE,  @LightDiffuse);
+    glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPECULAR, @LightSpecular);
+    glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);
+      
+    # A handy trick -- have surface material mirror the color.
+    glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
+    glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
 }
  
 sub Render {
-    my( $self, $dc ) = @_;
+    my ($self, $dc) = @_;
  
     return unless $self->GetContext;
-    $self->SetCurrent( $self->GetContext );
+    $self->SetCurrent($self->GetContext);
     $self->InitGL;
  
     glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
  
     glPushMatrix();
     glTranslatef( 0, 0, -5 );
+    
+    # this needs to get a lot better...
     glRotatef( $self->x_rot, 1, 0, 0 );
     glRotatef( $self->y_rot, 0, 0, 1 );
+    glTranslatef(map -$_ * $self->zoom, @{ $self->mesh_center });
  
-    #cube();
     $self->draw_mesh; 
 
     glPopMatrix();
@@ -222,4 +180,21 @@ sub Render {
     $self->SwapBuffers();
 }
 
-1;
\ No newline at end of file
+sub draw_mesh {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
+    glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
+    glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
+    
+    glVertexPointer_p(3, $self->verts);
+    
+    glCullFace(GL_BACK);
+    glNormalPointer_p($self->norms);
+    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, $self->verts->elements / 3);
+    
+    glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
+    glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
index 4c1e23b9fe..6eaf7fac02 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
 our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
     PI X Y Z A B X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN MAX epsilon slope line_atan lines_parallel 
     line_point_belongs_to_segment points_coincide distance_between_points 
-    chained_path_items chained_path_points
+    chained_path_items chained_path_points normalize tan
     line_length midpoint point_in_polygon point_in_segment segment_in_segment
     point_is_on_left_of_segment polyline_lines polygon_lines nearest_point
     point_along_segment polygon_segment_having_point polygon_has_subsegment
@@ -45,6 +45,11 @@ sub scaled_epsilon () { epsilon / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR }
 sub scale   ($) { $_[0] / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR }
 sub unscale ($) { $_[0] * &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR }
 
+sub tan {
+    my ($angle) = @_;
+    return (sin $angle) / (cos $angle);
+}
+
 sub slope {
     my ($line) = @_;
     return undef if abs($line->[B][X] - $line->[A][X]) < epsilon;  # line is vertical
@@ -461,6 +466,14 @@ sub triangle_normal {
     return normal($u, $v);
 }
 
+sub normalize {
+    my ($line) = @_;
+    
+    my $len = sqrt( ($line->[X]**2) + ($line->[Y]**2) + ($line->[Z]**2) )
+        or return [0, 0, 0];  # to avoid illegal division by zero
+    return [ map $_ / $len, @$line ];
+}
+
 # 2D dot product
 sub dot {
     my ($u, $v) = @_;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
index f093a3fe21..9ffe542fd1 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
@@ -365,6 +365,19 @@ sub align_to_origin {
     $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
 }
 
+sub center_around_origin {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    $self->move(map -$_, @{ $self->center });
+}
+
+sub center {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my @extents = $self->extents;
+    return [ map +($extents[$_][MAX] + $extents[$_][MIN])/2, X,Y,Z ];
+}
+
 sub duplicate {
     my $self = shift;
     my (@shifts) = @_;
diff --git a/utils/view-mesh.pl b/utils/view-mesh.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d69525d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/view-mesh.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+# This script displays 3D preview of a mesh
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
+use Slic3r;
+use Slic3r::GUI;
+$|++;
+
+my %opt = ();
+{
+    my %options = (
+        'help'                  => sub { usage() },
+    );
+    GetOptions(%options) or usage(1);
+    $ARGV[0] or usage(1);
+}
+
+{
+    my $model = Slic3r::Model->read_from_file($ARGV[0]);
+    
+    $Slic3r::ViewMesh::mesh = $model->mesh;
+    my $app = Slic3r::ViewMesh->new;
+    $app->MainLoop;
+}
+
+
+sub usage {
+    my ($exit_code) = @_;
+    
+    print <<"EOF";
+Usage: view-mesh.pl [ OPTIONS ] file.stl
+
+    --help              Output this usage screen and exit
+    
+EOF
+    exit ($exit_code || 0);
+}
+
+package Slic3r::ViewMesh;
+use Wx qw(:sizer);
+use base qw(Wx::App);
+
+our $mesh;
+
+sub OnInit {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my $frame = Wx::Frame->new(undef, -1, 'Mesh Viewer', [-1, -1], [500, 400]);
+    my $panel = Wx::Panel->new($frame, -1);
+    
+    my $sizer = Wx::BoxSizer->new(wxVERTICAL);
+    $sizer->Add(Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas->new($panel, $mesh), 1, wxEXPAND, 0);
+    $panel->SetSizer($sizer);
+    $sizer->SetSizeHints($panel);
+    
+    $frame->Show(1);
+}
+
+__END__

From 8f77d3b9456c68e026ddc7680b18d8a4da43f4c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 17 May 2013 15:03:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/78] Increase spacing for bridge traces. #1090

---
 lib/Slic3r.pm      | 1 -
 lib/Slic3r/Flow.pm | 3 +--
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 1dfaf8859e..9214022f8b 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ use constant SCALING_FACTOR         => 0.000001;
 use constant RESOLUTION             => 0.0125;
 use constant SCALED_RESOLUTION      => RESOLUTION / SCALING_FACTOR;
 use constant OVERLAP_FACTOR         => 1;
-use constant BRIDGE_OVERLAP_FACTOR  => 0.2;
 use constant SMALL_PERIMETER_LENGTH => (6.5 / SCALING_FACTOR) * 2 * PI;
 use constant LOOP_CLIPPING_LENGTH_OVER_SPACING      => 0.15;
 use constant INFILL_OVERLAP_OVER_SPACING  => 0.45;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Flow.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Flow.pm
index 50d7cb7f94..d618856410 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Flow.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Flow.pm
@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ sub _build_width {
 
 sub _build_spacing {
     my $self = shift;
-    my $width = $self->width;
-    return $width - (&Slic3r::BRIDGE_OVERLAP_FACTOR * $width);
+    return $self->width + 0.05;
 }
 
 1;

From 4bfbaddb59ced40d809f0a738cc13188c778a1aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 17 May 2013 15:07:01 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 07/78] Update t/arcs.t and add one more test

---
 t/arcs.t | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/t/arcs.t b/t/arcs.t
index 972620402b..3b14903c84 100644
--- a/t/arcs.t
+++ b/t/arcs.t
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use Test::More;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 
-plan tests => 12;
+plan tests => 13;
 
 BEGIN {
     use FindBin;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scaled_epsilon scale X Y);
         [306517.1,219034.23], [286979.42,248012.49], [258001.16,267550.17], [222515.14,274714.47], 
         [187029.11,267550.17], [158050.85,248012.49], [138513.17,219034.23], [131348.87,183548.2], 
         [86948.77,175149.09], [119825.35,100585],
-    ), role => EXTR_ROLE_FILL);
+    ), role => EXTR_ROLE_FILL, flow_spacing => 0.5);
     
     my $collection = Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection->new(paths => [$path]);
     $collection->detect_arcs(30);
@@ -42,10 +42,12 @@ use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scaled_epsilon scale X Y);
     my $path1 = Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(
         polyline    => Slic3r::Polyline->new(@points),
         role        => EXTR_ROLE_FILL,
+        flow_spacing => 0.5,
     );
     my $path2 = Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(
         polyline    => Slic3r::Polyline->new(reverse @points),
         role        => EXTR_ROLE_FILL,
+        flow_spacing => 0.5,
     );
     
     my $collection1 = Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection->new(paths => [$path1]);
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scaled_epsilon scale X Y);
 
     is $collection1->paths->[0]->orientation, 'cw', 'cw orientation was correctly detected';
     is $collection2->paths->[0]->orientation, 'ccw', 'ccw orientation was correctly detected';
+    is $collection1->paths->[0]->flow_spacing, $path1->flow_spacing, 'flow spacing was correctly preserved';
     
     my $center1 = [ map sprintf('%.0f', $_), @{ $collection1->paths->[0]->center } ];
     ok abs($center1->[X] - scale 10) < scaled_epsilon && abs($center1->[Y] - scale 10) < scaled_epsilon, 'center was correctly detected';

From ba433822b673a99bedec619c91dbf5ab74070c4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 17 May 2013 15:44:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/78] Disable OpenGL code in master branch for now

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index 09aa80a98b..0f9057ed7c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use Slic3r::GUI::SkeinPanel;
 use Slic3r::GUI::SimpleTab;
 use Slic3r::GUI::Tab;
 
-our $have_OpenGL = eval "use Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas; 1";
+our $have_OpenGL = 0 && eval "use Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas; 1";
 
 use Wx 0.9901 qw(:bitmap :dialog :frame :icon :id :misc :systemsettings :toplevelwindow);
 use Wx::Event qw(EVT_CLOSE EVT_MENU);

From e33ca54943c4579ac950f8e06561ac544e20f3b7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 17 May 2013 20:03:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/78] Some code cleanup in MotionPlanner

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm | 58 ++++++++++++++++---------------
 lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm             |  6 ++++
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
index 0cde4e1af6..6eff6c3bc1 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ has '_contours_ex'  => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });  # arrayref of array
 has '_pointmap'     => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });  # { id => $point }
 has '_edges'        => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });  # node_idx => { node_idx => distance, ... }
 has '_crossing_edges' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });  # edge_idx => bool
+has '_tolerance'    => (is => 'lazy');
 
 use List::Util qw(first);
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(A B scale epsilon nearest_point);
@@ -30,31 +31,14 @@ use constant CROSSING_FACTOR => 20;
 
 use constant INFINITY => 'inf';
 
+sub _build__tolerance { scale epsilon }
+
 # setup our configuration space
 sub BUILD {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $edges = $self->_edges;
     my $crossing_edges = $self->_crossing_edges;
-    my $tolerance = scale epsilon;
-    
-    # given an expolygon, this subroutine connects all its visible points
-    my $add_expolygon = sub {
-        my ($expolygon, $crosses_perimeter) = @_;
-        my @points = map @$_, @$expolygon;
-        for my $i (0 .. $#points) {
-            for my $j (($i+1) .. $#points) {
-                my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($points[$i], $points[$j]);
-                if ($expolygon->encloses_line($line, $tolerance)) {
-                    my $dist = $line->length * ($crosses_perimeter ? CROSSING_FACTOR : 1);
-                    $edges->{$points[$i]}{$points[$j]} = $dist;
-                    $edges->{$points[$j]}{$points[$i]} = $dist;
-                    $crossing_edges->{$points[$i]}{$points[$j]} = 1;
-                    $crossing_edges->{$points[$j]}{$points[$i]} = 1;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    };
     
     # simplify islands
     @{$self->islands} = map $_->simplify($self->_inner_margin), @{$self->islands};
@@ -81,19 +65,14 @@ sub BUILD {
             );
             
             # lines enclosed in inner expolygons are visible
-            $add_expolygon->($_) for @{ $self->_inner->[$i] };
+            $self->_add_expolygon($_) for @{ $self->_inner->[$i] };
             
             # lines enclosed in expolygons covering perimeters are visible
             # (but discouraged)
-            $add_expolygon->($_, 1) for @{ $self->_contours_ex->[$i] };
+            $self->_add_expolygon($_, 1) for @{ $self->_contours_ex->[$i] };
         }
     }
     
-    my $intersects = sub {
-        my ($polygon, $line) = @_;
-        @{Boost::Geometry::Utils::polygon_multi_linestring_intersection([$polygon], [$line])} > 0;
-    };
-    
     {
         my @outer = (map @$_, @{$self->_outer});
         
@@ -112,7 +91,7 @@ sub BUILD {
                 for my $m (0 .. $#{$outer[$i]}) {
                     for my $n (0 .. $#{$outer[$j]}) {
                         my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($outer[$i][$m], $outer[$j][$n]);
-                        if (!first { $intersects->($_, $line) } @outer) {
+                        if (!first { $_->intersects_line($line) } @outer) {
                             # this line does not cross any polygon
                             my $dist = $line->length;
                             $edges->{$outer[$i][$m]}{$outer[$j][$n]} = $dist;
@@ -132,7 +111,7 @@ sub BUILD {
                 for my $m (0 .. $#{$inner[$i]}) {
                     for my $n (0 .. $#{$inner[$j]}) {
                         my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($inner[$i][$m], $inner[$j][$n]);
-                        if (!first { $intersects->($_, $line) } @inner) {
+                        if (!first { $_->intersects_line($line) } @inner) {
                             # this line does not cross any polygon
                             my $dist = $line->length * CROSSING_FACTOR;
                             $edges->{$inner[$i][$m]}{$inner[$j][$n]} = $dist;
@@ -183,6 +162,29 @@ sub BUILD {
     }
 }
 
+# given an expolygon, this subroutine connects all its visible points
+sub _add_expolygon {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($expolygon, $crosses_perimeter) = @_;
+    
+    my $edges = $self->_edges;
+    my $crossing_edges = $self->_crossing_edges;
+    
+    my @points = map @$_, @$expolygon;
+    for my $i (0 .. $#points) {
+        for my $j (($i+1) .. $#points) {
+            my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($points[$i], $points[$j]);
+            if ($expolygon->encloses_line($line, $self->_tolerance)) {
+                my $dist = $line->length * ($crosses_perimeter ? CROSSING_FACTOR : 1);
+                $edges->{$points[$i]}{$points[$j]} = $dist;
+                $edges->{$points[$j]}{$points[$i]} = $dist;
+                $crossing_edges->{$points[$i]}{$points[$j]} = 1;
+                $crossing_edges->{$points[$j]}{$points[$i]} = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 sub find_node {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($point, $near_to) = @_;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
index 6e460f40b9..f8df6915a6 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
@@ -172,4 +172,10 @@ sub split_at_first_point {
     return $self->split_at_index(0);
 }
 
+sub intersects_line {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($line) = @_;
+    return @{Boost::Geometry::Utils::polygon_multi_linestring_intersection([$self], [$line])} > 0;
+}
+
 1;
\ No newline at end of file

From 08a0bbd7f09ef9f2f48572ba75e878567ad90690 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 18 May 2013 16:48:26 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 10/78] Optimization: split meshes automatically when
 avoid_crossing_perimeters is enabled, so that we reduce the complexity of the
 MotionPlanner graphs. This commit includes a very large refactoring of the
 Model class which is now responsible for duplication and arrangement

---
 lib/Slic3r/Fill/Base.pm        |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/Fill/Rectilinear.pm |  12 +-
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm       |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm         |  11 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Model.pm            | 229 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm            |  90 +++----------
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm     |   5 +-
 lib/Slic3r/SVG.pm              |   2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Test.pm             |   4 +-
 lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm     |  14 +-
 slic3r.pl                      |  16 ++-
 t/slice.t                      |  24 ++--
 12 files changed, 300 insertions(+), 109 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Base.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Base.pm
index adc1e74c6f..7633082325 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Base.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Base.pm
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ sub infill_direction {
     return [\@rotate, \@shift];
 }
 
+# this method accepts any object that implements rotate() and translate()
 sub rotate_points {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($expolygon, $rotate_vector) = @_;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Rectilinear.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Rectilinear.pm
index a65bcbc077..4ad3ff78fa 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Rectilinear.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Rectilinear.pm
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ sub fill_surface {
     my $line_oscillation = $distance_between_lines - $min_spacing;
     my $is_line_pattern = $self->isa('Slic3r::Fill::Line');
     
-    my $cache_id = sprintf "d%s_s%s_a%s",
+    my $cache_id = sprintf "d%s_s%.2f_a%.2f",
         $params{density}, $params{flow_spacing}, $rotate_vector->[0][0];
     
     if (!$self->cache->{$cache_id}) {
         # compute bounding box
-        my $bounding_box = [ @{$self->bounding_box} ];  # clone
-        $bounding_box->[$_] = 0 for X1, Y1;
+        my $bounding_box;
         {
-            my $bb_expolygon = Slic3r::ExPolygon->new(Slic3r::Polygon->new_from_bounding_box($bounding_box));
-            $self->rotate_points($bb_expolygon, $rotate_vector);
-            $bounding_box = [ $bb_expolygon->bounding_box ];
+            my $bb_polygon = Slic3r::Polygon->new_from_bounding_box($self->bounding_box);
+            $bb_polygon->scale(sqrt 2);
+            $self->rotate_points($bb_polygon, $rotate_vector);
+            $bounding_box = [ $bb_polygon->bounding_box ];
         }
         
         # define flow spacing according to requested density
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index ae66ba8e71..4f63271d69 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -715,6 +715,7 @@ sub make_model {
             rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,
             offset      => [ @$_ ],
         ) for @{$plater_object->instances};
+        $new_model_object->align_to_origin;
     }
     
     return $model;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
index 6eaf7fac02..e0848aa86b 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
 our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
     PI X Y Z A B X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN MAX epsilon slope line_atan lines_parallel 
     line_point_belongs_to_segment points_coincide distance_between_points 
-    chained_path_items chained_path_points normalize tan
+    chained_path_items chained_path_points normalize tan move_points_3D
     line_length midpoint point_in_polygon point_in_segment segment_in_segment
     point_is_on_left_of_segment polyline_lines polygon_lines nearest_point
     point_along_segment polygon_segment_having_point polygon_has_subsegment
@@ -388,6 +388,15 @@ sub move_points {
     return map Slic3r::Point->new($shift->[X] + $_->[X], $shift->[Y] + $_->[Y]), @points;
 }
 
+sub move_points_3D {
+    my ($shift, @points) = @_;
+    return map [
+        $shift->[X] + $_->[X],
+        $shift->[Y] + $_->[Y],
+        $shift->[Z] + $_->[Z],
+    ], @points;
+}
+
 # implementation of Liang-Barsky algorithm
 # polygon must be convex and ccw
 sub clip_segment_polygon {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
index 58473fa9fb..cb740ab741 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package Slic3r::Model;
 use Moo;
 
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z);
+use List::Util qw(first max);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN move_points);
 
 has 'materials' => (is => 'ro', default => sub { {} });
 has 'objects'   => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
@@ -19,6 +20,38 @@ sub read_from_file {
     return $model;
 }
 
+sub merge {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my @models = @_;
+    
+    my $new_model = $class->new;
+    foreach my $model (@models) {
+        # merge material attributes (should we rename them in case of duplicates?)
+        $new_model->set_material($_, { %{$model->materials->{$_}}, %{$model->materials->{$_} || {}} })
+            for keys %{$model->materials};
+        
+        foreach my $object (@{$model->objects}) {
+            my $new_object = $new_model->add_object(
+                input_file          => $object->input_file,
+                vertices            => $object->vertices,
+                layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
+            );
+            
+            $new_object->add_volume(
+                material_id         => $_->material_id,
+                facets              => $_->facets,
+            ) for @{$object->volumes};
+            
+            $new_object->add_instance(
+                offset              => $_->offset,
+                rotation            => $_->rotation,
+            ) for @{ $object->instances // [] };
+        }
+    }
+    
+    return $new_model;
+}
+
 sub add_object {
     my $self = shift;
     
@@ -39,10 +72,122 @@ sub set_material {
 
 sub scale {
     my $self = shift;
-    
     $_->scale(@_) for @{$self->objects};
 }
 
+sub arrange_objects {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($config) = @_;
+    
+    # do we have objects with no position?
+    if (first { !defined $_->instances } @{$self->objects}) {
+        # we shall redefine positions for all objects
+        
+        my ($copies, @positions) = $self->_arrange(
+            config  => $config,
+            items   => $self->objects,
+        );
+        
+        # apply positions to objects
+        foreach my $object (@{$self->objects}) {
+            $object->align_to_origin;
+            
+            $object->instances([]);
+            $object->add_instance(
+                offset      => $_,
+                rotation    => 0,
+            ) for splice @positions, 0, $copies;
+        }
+        
+    } else {
+        # we only have objects with defined position
+        
+        # align the whole model to origin as it is
+        $self->align_to_origin;
+        
+        # arrange this model as a whole
+        my ($copies, @positions) = $self->_arrange(
+            config  => $config,
+            items   => [$self],
+        );
+        
+        # apply positions to objects by translating the current positions
+        foreach my $object (@{$self->objects}) {
+            my @old_instances = @{$object->instances};
+            $object->instances([]);
+            foreach my $instance (@old_instances) {
+                $object->add_instance(
+                    offset      => $_,
+                    rotation    => $instance->rotation,
+                ) for move_points($instance->offset, @positions);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub _arrange {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my %params = @_;
+    
+    my $config  = $params{config};
+    my @items   = @{$params{items}};  # can be Model or Object objects, they have to implement size()
+    
+    if ($config->duplicate_grid->[X] > 1 || $config->duplicate_grid->[Y] > 1) {
+        if (@items > 1) {
+            die "Grid duplication is not supported with multiple objects\n";
+        }
+        my @positions = ();
+        my $size = $items[0]->size;
+        my $dist = $config->duplicate_distance;
+        for my $x_copy (1..$config->duplicate_grid->[X]) {
+            for my $y_copy (1..$config->duplicate_grid->[Y]) {
+                push @positions, [
+                    ($size->[X] + $dist) * ($x_copy-1),
+                    ($size->[Y] + $dist) * ($y_copy-1),
+                ];
+            }
+        }
+        return ($config->duplicate_grid->[X] * $config->duplicate_grid->[Y]), @positions;
+    } else {
+        my $total_parts = $config->duplicate * @items;
+        my $partx = max(map $_->size->[X], @items);
+        my $party = max(map $_->size->[Y], @items);
+        return $config->duplicate,
+            Slic3r::Geometry::arrange
+                ($total_parts, $partx, $party, (map $_, @{$config->bed_size}),
+                $config->min_object_distance, $config);
+    }
+}
+
+sub vertices {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ map @{$_->vertices}, @{$self->objects} ];
+}
+
+sub size {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->vertices) ];
+}
+
+sub extents {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->vertices);
+}
+
+sub align_to_origin {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    # calculate the displacements needed to 
+    # have lowest value for each axis at coordinate 0
+    my @extents = $self->extents;
+    $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+}
+
+sub move {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $_->move(@_) for @{$self->objects};
+}
+
 # flattens everything to a single mesh
 sub mesh {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -64,6 +209,47 @@ sub mesh {
     return Slic3r::TriangleMesh->merge(@meshes);
 }
 
+# this method splits objects into multiple distinct objects by walking their meshes
+sub split_meshes {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my @objects = @{$self->objects};
+    @{$self->objects} = ();
+    
+    foreach my $object (@objects) {
+        if (@{$object->volumes} > 1) {
+            # We can't split meshes if there's more than one material, because
+            # we can't group the resulting meshes by object afterwards
+            push @{$self->objects}, $object;
+            next;
+        }
+        
+        my $volume = $object->volumes->[0];
+        foreach my $mesh ($volume->mesh->split_mesh) {
+            my $new_object = $self->add_object(
+                input_file          => $object->input_file,
+                layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
+            );
+            $new_object->add_volume(
+                vertices    => $mesh->vertices,
+                facets      => $mesh->facets,
+                material_id => $volume->material_id,
+            );
+            
+            # let's now align the new object to the origin and put its displacement
+            # (extents) in the instances info
+            my @extents = $mesh->extents;
+            $new_object->align_to_origin;
+            
+            # add one instance per original instance applying the displacement
+            $new_object->add_instance(
+                offset      => [ $_->offset->[X] + $extents[X][MIN], $_->offset->[Y] + $extents[Y][MIN] ],
+                rotation    => $_->rotation,
+            ) for @{ $object->instances // [] };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 package Slic3r::Model::Region;
 use Moo;
 
@@ -74,7 +260,7 @@ package Slic3r::Model::Object;
 use Moo;
 
 use List::Util qw(first);
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN move_points_3D);
 use Storable qw(dclone);
 
 has 'input_file' => (is => 'rw');
@@ -123,6 +309,30 @@ sub mesh {
     );
 }
 
+sub size {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->vertices) ];
+}
+
+sub extents {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->vertices);
+}
+
+sub align_to_origin {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    # calculate the displacements needed to 
+    # have lowest value for each axis at coordinate 0
+    my @extents = $self->extents;
+    $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+}
+
+sub move {
+    my $self = shift;
+    @{$self->vertices} = move_points_3D([ @_ ], @{$self->vertices});
+}
+
 sub scale {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($factor) = @_;
@@ -134,6 +344,19 @@ sub scale {
     }
 }
 
+sub rotate {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($deg) = @_;
+    return if $deg == 0;
+    
+    my $rad = Slic3r::Geometry::deg2rad($deg);
+    
+    # transform vertex coordinates
+    foreach my $vertex (@{$self->vertices}) {
+        @$vertex = (@{ +(Slic3r::Geometry::rotate_points($rad, undef, [ $vertex->[X], $vertex->[Y] ]))[0] }, $vertex->[Z]);
+    }
+}
+
 sub materials_count {
     my $self = shift;
     
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index b5482f7a07..7a380fa54f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ sub _build_fill_maker {
     return Slic3r::Fill->new(print => $self);
 }
 
+# caller is responsible for supplying models whose objects don't collide
+# and have explicit instance positions
 sub add_model {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($model) = @_;
@@ -103,13 +105,18 @@ sub add_model {
         }
     }
     
+    # optimization: if avoid_crossing_perimeters is enabled, split
+    # this mesh into distinct objects so that we reduce the complexity
+    # of the graphs 
+    $model->split_meshes if $Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters && !$Slic3r::Config->complete_objects;
+    
     foreach my $object (@{ $model->objects }) {
+        # extract meshes by material
         my @meshes = ();  # by region_id
-        
         foreach my $volume (@{$object->volumes}) {
-            # should the object contain multiple volumes of the same material, merge them
             my $region_id = defined $volume->material_id ? $materials{$volume->material_id} : 0;
             my $mesh = $volume->mesh->clone;
+            # should the object contain multiple volumes of the same material, merge them
             $meshes[$region_id] = $meshes[$region_id]
                 ? Slic3r::TriangleMesh->merge($meshes[$region_id], $mesh)
                 : $mesh;
@@ -119,41 +126,22 @@ sub add_model {
             next unless $mesh;
             $mesh->check_manifoldness;
             
-            if ($object->instances) {
-                # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
-                # consider the first one
-                $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation);
-            }
+            # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
+            # consider the first one
+            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation);
             
-            $mesh->rotate($Slic3r::Config->rotate);
-            $mesh->scale($Slic3r::Config->scale / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
+            $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
         
-        my @defined_meshes = grep defined $_, @meshes;
-        my $complete_mesh = @defined_meshes == 1 ? $defined_meshes[0] : Slic3r::TriangleMesh->merge(@defined_meshes);
-        
         # initialize print object
-        my $print_object = Slic3r::Print::Object->new(
+        push @{$self->objects}, Slic3r::Print::Object->new(
             print       => $self,
             meshes      => [ @meshes ],
-            size        => [ $complete_mesh->size ],
+            copies      => [ map [ scale $_->offset->[X], scale $_->offset->[Y] ], @{$object->instances} ],
+            size        => [ map scale $_, @{ $object->size } ],
             input_file  => $object->input_file,
             layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
         );
-        push @{$self->objects}, $print_object;
-        
-        # align object to origin
-        {
-            my @extents = $complete_mesh->extents;
-            foreach my $mesh (grep defined $_, @meshes) {
-                $mesh->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
-            }
-        }
-        
-        if ($object->instances) {
-            # replace the default [0,0] instance with the custom ones
-            $print_object->copies([ map [ scale $_->offset->[X], scale $_->offset->[Y] ], @{$object->instances} ]);
-        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -282,54 +270,12 @@ sub regions_count {
     return scalar @{$self->regions};
 }
 
-sub duplicate {
-    my $self = shift;
-    
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->duplicate_grid->[X] > 1 || $Slic3r::Config->duplicate_grid->[Y] > 1) {
-        if (@{$self->objects} > 1) {
-            die "Grid duplication is not supported with multiple objects\n";
-        }
-        my $object = $self->objects->[0];
-        
-        # generate offsets for copies
-        my $dist = scale $Slic3r::Config->duplicate_distance;
-        @{$self->objects->[0]->copies} = ();
-        for my $x_copy (1..$Slic3r::Config->duplicate_grid->[X]) {
-            for my $y_copy (1..$Slic3r::Config->duplicate_grid->[Y]) {
-                push @{$self->objects->[0]->copies}, [
-                    ($object->size->[X] + $dist) * ($x_copy-1),
-                    ($object->size->[Y] + $dist) * ($y_copy-1),
-                ];
-            }
-        }
-    } elsif ($Slic3r::Config->duplicate > 1) {
-        foreach my $object (@{$self->objects}) {
-            @{$object->copies} = map [0,0], 1..$Slic3r::Config->duplicate;
-        }
-        $self->arrange_objects;
-    }
-}
-
-sub arrange_objects {
-    my $self = shift;
-
-    my $total_parts = scalar map @{$_->copies}, @{$self->objects};
-    my $partx = max(map $_->size->[X], @{$self->objects});
-    my $party = max(map $_->size->[Y], @{$self->objects});
-    
-    my @positions = Slic3r::Geometry::arrange
-        ($total_parts, $partx, $party, (map scale $_, @{$Slic3r::Config->bed_size}), scale $Slic3r::Config->min_object_distance, $self->config);
-    
-    @{$_->copies} = splice @positions, 0, scalar @{$_->copies} for @{$self->objects};
-}
-
 sub bounding_box {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my @points = ();
-    foreach my $obj_idx (0 .. $#{$self->objects}) {
-        my $object = $self->objects->[$obj_idx];
-        foreach my $copy (@{$self->objects->[$obj_idx]->copies}) {
+    foreach my $object (@{$self->objects}) {
+        foreach my $copy (@{$object->copies}) {
             push @points,
                 [ $copy->[X], $copy->[Y] ],
                 [ $copy->[X] + $object->size->[X], $copy->[Y] ],
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 7b21db8745..39913d592e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ has 'print'             => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
 has 'input_file'        => (is => 'rw', required => 0);
 has 'meshes'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });  # by region_id
 has 'size'              => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
-has 'copies'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub {[ [0,0] ]}, trigger => 1);
+has 'copies'            => (is => 'rw', trigger => 1);  # in scaled coordinates
 has 'layers'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
 has 'layer_height_ranges' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
 
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ sub BUILD {
     }
 }
 
+# This should be probably moved in Print.pm at the point where we sort Layer objects
 sub _trigger_copies {
     my $self = shift;
     return unless @{$self->copies} > 1;
@@ -166,6 +167,8 @@ sub slice {
                 }
             },
         );
+        
+        $self->meshes->[$region_id] = undef;  # free memory
     }
     die "Invalid input file\n" if !@{$self->layers};
     
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/SVG.pm b/lib/Slic3r/SVG.pm
index a79094854f..0ac2863951 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/SVG.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/SVG.pm
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use constant Y => 1;
 
 our $filltype = 'evenodd';
 
-sub factor {return 30;
+sub factor {
     return &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR * 10;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
index d6a10f374a..63ee7ac647 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ sub model {
     }
     
     my $model = Slic3r::Model->new;
-    $model->add_object(vertices => $vertices)->add_volume(facets => $facets);
+    my $object = $model->add_object(vertices => $vertices);
+    $object->add_volume(facets => $facets);
+    $object->add_instance(offset => [0,0]);
     return $model;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
index 9ffe542fd1..0968f7354d 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ has 'vertices'      => (is => 'ro', required => 1);         # id => [$x,$y,$z]
 has 'facets'        => (is => 'ro', required => 1);         # id => [ $v1_id, $v2_id, $v3_id ]
 
 # private
-has 'edges'         => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] }); # id => [ $v1_id, $v2_id ]
-has 'facets_edges'  => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] }); # id => [ $e1_id, $e2_id, $e3_id ]
-has 'edges_facets'  => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] }); # id => [ $f1_id, $f2_id, (...) ]
+has 'edges'         => (is => 'rw'); # id => [ $v1_id, $v2_id ]
+has 'facets_edges'  => (is => 'rw'); # id => [ $e1_id, $e2_id, $e3_id ]
+has 'edges_facets'  => (is => 'rw'); # id => [ $f1_id, $f2_id, (...) ]
 
 use constant MIN => 0;
 use constant MAX => 1;
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ use constant I_FACET_EDGE       => 6;
 use constant FE_TOP             => 0;
 use constant FE_BOTTOM          => 1;
 
-# always make sure this method is idempotent
 sub analyze {
     my $self = shift;
     
-    @{$self->edges} = ();
-    @{$self->facets_edges} = ();
-    @{$self->edges_facets} = ();
+    return if defined $self->edges;
+    $self->edges([]);
+    $self->facets_edges([]);
+    $self->edges_facets([]);
     my %table = ();  # edge_coordinates => edge_id
     
     for (my $facet_id = 0; $facet_id <= $#{$self->facets}; $facet_id++) {
diff --git a/slic3r.pl b/slic3r.pl
index b3dec4969c..1d09441db3 100755
--- a/slic3r.pl
+++ b/slic3r.pl
@@ -91,13 +91,19 @@ if (@ARGV) {  # slicing from command line
     $config->validate;
     
     while (my $input_file = shift @ARGV) {
-        my $print = Slic3r::Print->new(config => $config);
-        $print->add_model(Slic3r::Model->read_from_file($input_file));
+        my $model;
         if ($opt{merge}) {
-            $print->add_model(Slic3r::Model->read_from_file($_)) for splice @ARGV, 0;
+            my @models = map Slic3r::Model->read_from_file($_), $input_file, (splice @ARGV, 0);
+            $model = Slic3r::Model->merge(@models);
+        } else {
+            $model = Slic3r::Model->read_from_file($input_file);
         }
-        $print->duplicate;
-        $print->arrange_objects if @{$print->objects} > 1;
+        $_->scale($config->scale) for @{$model->objects};
+        $_->rotate($config->rotate) for @{$model->objects};
+        $model->arrange_objects($config);
+        
+        my $print = Slic3r::Print->new(config => $config);
+        $print->add_model($model);
         $print->validate;
         my %params = (
             output_file => $opt{output},
diff --git a/t/slice.t b/t/slice.t
index cfa78a60c9..e47929f0fc 100644
--- a/t/slice.t
+++ b/t/slice.t
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ my @lines;
 my $z = 20;
 my @points = ([3, 4], [8, 5], [1, 9]);  # XY coordinates of the facet vertices
 
-my $mesh = Slic3r::TriangleMesh->new(facets => [], vertices => []);
-
 # NOTE:
 # the first point of the intersection lines is replaced by -1 because TriangleMesh.pm
 # is saving memory and doesn't store point A anymore since it's not actually needed.
@@ -104,21 +102,23 @@ my @upper = intersect(20, 20, 10);
 is $lower[0][Slic3r::TriangleMesh::I_FACET_EDGE], Slic3r::TriangleMesh::FE_BOTTOM, 'bottom edge on layer';
 is $upper[0][Slic3r::TriangleMesh::I_FACET_EDGE], Slic3r::TriangleMesh::FE_TOP, 'upper edge on layer';
 
+my $mesh;
+
+sub intersect {
+    $mesh = Slic3r::TriangleMesh->new(
+        facets      => [],
+        vertices    => [],
+    );
+    push @{$mesh->facets}, [ [0,0,0], @{vertices(@_)} ];
+    $mesh->analyze;
+    return map Slic3r::TriangleMesh::unpack_line($_), $mesh->intersect_facet($#{$mesh->facets}, $z);
+}
+
 sub vertices {
     push @{$mesh->vertices}, map [ @{$points[$_]}, $_[$_] ], 0..2;
     [ ($#{$mesh->vertices}-2) .. $#{$mesh->vertices} ]
 }
 
-sub add_facet {
-    push @{$mesh->facets}, [ [0,0,0], @{vertices(@_)} ];
-    $mesh->analyze;
-}
-
-sub intersect {
-    add_facet(@_);
-    return map Slic3r::TriangleMesh::unpack_line($_), $mesh->intersect_facet($#{$mesh->facets}, $z);
-}
-
 sub lines {
     my @lines = intersect(@_);
     #$_->a->[X] = sprintf('%.0f', $_->a->[X]) for @lines;

From f599ed00c605ccd478323cea984ed39a93370f85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 18 May 2013 16:57:44 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 11/78] Avoid closures, move planning code to _plan() and layer
 G-code generation to Slic3r::GCode::Layer

---
 MANIFEST                  |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r.pm             |   1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm       |  61 ++++++------
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm | 202 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm       | 191 +++--------------------------------
 5 files changed, 246 insertions(+), 210 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 22766599f7..a9180a6913 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm
 lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm
+lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/SpiralVase.pm
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 9214022f8b..1d2849f1d4 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ use Slic3r::Format::OBJ;
 use Slic3r::Format::STL;
 use Slic3r::GCode;
 use Slic3r::GCode::CoolingBuffer;
+use Slic3r::GCode::Layer;
 use Slic3r::GCode::MotionPlanner;
 use Slic3r::GCode::Reader;
 use Slic3r::GCode::SpiralVase;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 7cd3d0ef28..1180b76ff1 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -294,34 +294,6 @@ sub travel_to {
         $self->speed('travel');
         $gcode .= $self->G0($point, undef, 0, $comment || "");
     } else {
-        my $plan = sub {
-            my $mp = shift;
-            
-            my $gcode = "";
-            my @travel = $mp->shortest_path($self->last_pos, $point)->lines;
-            
-            # if the path is not contained in a single island we need to retract
-            my $need_retract = !$Slic3r::Config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters;
-            if (!$need_retract) {
-                $need_retract = 1;
-                foreach my $slice (@{$self->layer->slices}) {
-                    # discard the island if at any line is not enclosed in it
-                    next if first { !$slice->encloses_line($_, scaled_epsilon) } @travel;
-                    # okay, this island encloses the full travel path
-                    $need_retract = 0;
-                    last;
-                }
-            }
-            
-            # do the retract (the travel_to argument is broken)
-            $gcode .= $self->retract(travel_to => $point) if $need_retract;
-            
-            # append the actual path and return
-            $self->speed('travel');
-            $gcode .= join '', map $self->G0($_->[B], undef, 0, $comment || ""), @travel;
-            return $gcode;
-        };
-        
         if ($self->new_object) {
             $self->new_object(0);
             
@@ -332,16 +304,45 @@ sub travel_to {
             
             # calculate path (external_mp uses G-code coordinates so we temporary need a null shift)
             $self->set_shift(0,0);
-            $gcode .= $plan->($self->external_mp);
+            $gcode .= $self->_plan($self->external_mp, $point, $comment);
             $self->set_shift(@shift);
         } else {
-            $gcode .= $plan->($self->layer_mp);
+            $gcode .= $self->_plan($self->layer_mp, $point, $comment);
         }
     }
     
     return $gcode;
 }
 
+sub _plan {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($mp, $point, $comment) = @_;
+    
+    my $gcode = "";
+    my @travel = $mp->shortest_path($self->last_pos, $point)->lines;
+    
+    # if the path is not contained in a single island we need to retract
+    my $need_retract = !$Slic3r::Config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters;
+    if (!$need_retract) {
+        $need_retract = 1;
+        foreach my $slice (@{$self->layer->slices}) {
+            # discard the island if at any line is not enclosed in it
+            next if first { !$slice->encloses_line($_, scaled_epsilon) } @travel;
+            # okay, this island encloses the full travel path
+            $need_retract = 0;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    # do the retract (the travel_to argument is broken)
+    $gcode .= $self->retract(travel_to => $point) if $need_retract;
+    
+    # append the actual path and return
+    $self->speed('travel');
+    $gcode .= join '', map $self->G0($_->[B], undef, 0, $comment || ""), @travel;
+    return $gcode;
+}
+
 sub retract {
     my $self = shift;
     my %params = @_;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4a6eb366dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+package Slic3r::GCode::Layer;
+use Moo;
+
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y unscale);
+
+has 'print'                         => (is => 'ro', required => 1, handles => [qw(extruders)]);
+has 'gcodegen'                      => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
+has 'shift'                         => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
+
+has 'spiralvase'                    => (is => 'lazy');
+has 'skirt_done'                    => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0});  # count of skirt layers done
+has 'brim_done'                     => (is => 'rw');
+has 'second_layer_things_done'      => (is => 'rw');
+has '_last_obj_copy'                => (is => 'rw');
+
+sub _build_spiralvase {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    return $Slic3r::Config->spiral_vase
+        ? Slic3r::GCode::SpiralVase->new
+        : undef;
+}
+
+sub process_layer {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($layer, $object_copies) = @_;
+    my $gcode = "";
+    
+    if (!$self->second_layer_things_done && $layer->id == 1) {
+        for my $t (grep $self->extruders->[$_], 0 .. $#{$Slic3r::Config->temperature}) {
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_temperature($self->extruders->[$t]->temperature, 0, $t)
+                if $self->print->extruders->[$t]->temperature && $self->extruders->[$t]->temperature != $self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature;
+        }
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_bed_temperature($Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature)
+            if $Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature && $Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature != $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_bed_temperature;
+        $self->second_layer_things_done(1);
+    }
+    
+    # set new layer, but don't move Z as support material contact areas may need an intermediate one
+    $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->change_layer($layer);
+    
+    # prepare callback to call as soon as a Z command is generated
+    $self->gcodegen->move_z_callback(sub {
+        $self->gcodegen->move_z_callback(undef);  # circular ref or not?
+        return "" if !$Slic3r::Config->layer_gcode;
+        return $Slic3r::Config->replace_options($Slic3r::Config->layer_gcode) . "\n";
+    });
+    
+    # extrude skirt
+    if ($self->skirt_done < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
+        $self->gcodegen->set_shift(@{$self->shift});
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[0]);  # move_z requires extruder
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($self->gcodegen->layer->print_z);
+        # skip skirt if we have a large brim
+        if ($layer->id < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
+            # distribute skirt loops across all extruders
+            for my $i (0 .. $#{$self->print->skirt}) {
+                # when printing layers > 0 ignore 'min_skirt_length' and 
+                # just use the 'skirts' setting; also just use the current extruder
+                last if ($layer->id > 0) && ($i >= $Slic3r::Config->skirts);
+                $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[ ($i/@{$self->extruders}) % @{$self->extruders} ])
+                    if $layer->id == 0;
+                $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_loop($self->print->skirt->[$i], 'skirt');
+            }
+        }
+        $self->skirt_done($self->skirt_done + 1);
+        $self->gcodegen->straight_once(1);
+    }
+    
+    # extrude brim
+    if (!$self->brim_done) {
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[$Slic3r::Config->support_material_extruder-1]);  # move_z requires extruder
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($self->gcodegen->layer->print_z);
+        $self->gcodegen->set_shift(@{$self->shift});
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_loop($_, 'brim') for @{$self->print->brim};
+        $self->brim_done(1);
+        $self->gcodegen->straight_once(1);
+    }
+    
+    for my $copy (@$object_copies) {
+        $self->gcodegen->new_object(1) if ($self->_last_obj_copy // '') ne "$copy";
+        $self->_last_obj_copy("$copy");
+        
+        $self->gcodegen->set_shift(map $self->shift->[$_] + unscale $copy->[$_], X,Y);
+        
+        # extrude support material before other things because it might use a lower Z
+        # and also because we avoid travelling on other things when printing it
+        if ($self->print->has_support_material) {
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($layer->support_material_contact_z)
+                if ($layer->support_contact_fills && @{ $layer->support_contact_fills->paths });
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[$Slic3r::Config->support_material_extruder-1]);
+            if ($layer->support_contact_fills) {
+                $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_path($_, 'support material contact area') 
+                    for $layer->support_contact_fills->chained_path($self->gcodegen->last_pos); 
+            }
+            
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
+            if ($layer->support_fills) {
+                $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_path($_, 'support material') 
+                    for $layer->support_fills->chained_path($self->gcodegen->last_pos);
+            }
+        }
+        
+        # set actual Z - this will force a retraction
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
+        
+        # tweak region ordering to save toolchanges
+        my @region_ids = 0 .. ($self->print->regions_count-1);
+        if ($self->gcodegen->multiple_extruders) {
+            my $last_extruder = $self->gcodegen->extruder;
+            my $best_region_id = first { $self->print->regions->[$_]->extruders->{perimeter} eq $last_extruder } @region_ids;
+            @region_ids = ($best_region_id, grep $_ != $best_region_id, @region_ids) if $best_region_id;
+        }
+        
+        foreach my $region_id (@region_ids) {
+            my $layerm = $layer->regions->[$region_id];
+            my $region = $self->print->regions->[$region_id];
+            
+            my @islands = ();
+            if ($Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
+                push @islands, map +{ perimeters => [], fills => [] }, @{$layer->slices};
+                PERIMETER: foreach my $perimeter (@{$layerm->perimeters}) {
+                    my $p = $perimeter->unpack;
+                    for my $i (0 .. $#{$layer->slices}-1) {
+                        if ($layer->slices->[$i]->contour->encloses_point($p->first_point)) {
+                            push @{ $islands[$i]{perimeters} }, $p;
+                            next PERIMETER;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    push @{ $islands[-1]{perimeters} }, $p; # optimization
+                }
+                FILL: foreach my $fill (@{$layerm->fills}) {
+                    my $f = $fill->unpack;
+                    for my $i (0 .. $#{$layer->slices}-1) {
+                        if ($layer->slices->[$i]->contour->encloses_point($f->first_point)) {
+                            push @{ $islands[$i]{fills} }, $f;
+                            next FILL;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    push @{ $islands[-1]{fills} }, $f; # optimization
+                }
+            } else {
+                push @islands, {
+                    perimeters  => $layerm->perimeters,
+                    fills       => $layerm->fills,
+                };
+            }
+            
+            foreach my $island (@islands) {
+                # give priority to infill if we were already using its extruder and it wouldn't
+                # be good for perimeters
+                if ($Slic3r::Config->infill_first
+                    || ($self->gcodegen->multiple_extruders && $region->extruders->{infill} eq $self->gcodegen->extruder) && $region->extruders->{infill} ne $region->extruders->{perimeter}) {
+                    $gcode .= $self->_extrude_infill($island, $region);
+                    $gcode .= $self->_extrude_perimeters($island, $region);
+                } else {
+                    $gcode .= $self->_extrude_perimeters($island, $region);
+                    $gcode .= $self->_extrude_infill($island, $region);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    # apply spiral vase post-processing if this layer contains suitable geometry
+    $gcode = $self->spiralvase->process_layer($gcode, $layer)
+        if defined $self->spiralvase
+        && ($layer->id > 0 || $Slic3r::Config->brim_width == 0)
+        && ($layer->id >= $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height)
+        && ($layer->id >= $Slic3r::Config->bottom_solid_layers);
+    
+    return $gcode;
+}
+
+sub _extrude_perimeters {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($island, $region) = @_;
+    
+    return "" if !@{ $island->{perimeters} };
+    return $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{perimeter})
+        . $self->gcodegen->extrude($_, 'perimeter') for @{ $island->{perimeters} };
+}
+
+sub _extrude_infill {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($island, $region) = @_;
+    
+    return "" if !@{ $island->{fills} };
+    
+    my $gcode = "";
+    $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{infill});
+    for my $fill (@{ $island->{fills} }) {
+        if ($fill->isa('Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection')) {
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude($_, 'fill') 
+                for $fill->chained_path($self->gcodegen->last_pos);
+        } else {
+            $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude($fill, 'fill') ;
+        }
+    }
+    return $gcode;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 7a380fa54f..c5e341cb52 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -759,183 +759,12 @@ sub write_gcode {
         ));
     }
     
-    # prepare the SpiralVase processor if it's possible
-    my $spiralvase = $Slic3r::Config->spiral_vase
-        ? Slic3r::GCode::SpiralVase->new
-        : undef;
-    
-    # prepare the logic to print one layer
-    my $skirt_done = 0;  # count of skirt layers done
-    my $brim_done = 0;
-    my $second_layer_things_done = 0;
-    my $last_obj_copy = "";
-    my $extrude_layer = sub {
-        my ($layer, $object_copies) = @_;
-        my $gcode = "";
-        
-        if (!$second_layer_things_done && $layer->id == 1) {
-            for my $t (grep $self->extruders->[$_], 0 .. $#{$Slic3r::Config->temperature}) {
-                $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_temperature($self->extruders->[$t]->temperature, 0, $t)
-                    if $self->extruders->[$t]->temperature && $self->extruders->[$t]->temperature != $self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature;
-            }
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_bed_temperature($Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature)
-                if $Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature && $Slic3r::Config->bed_temperature != $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_bed_temperature;
-            $second_layer_things_done = 1;
-        }
-        
-        # set new layer, but don't move Z as support material contact areas may need an intermediate one
-        $gcode .= $gcodegen->change_layer($layer);
-        
-        # prepare callback to call as soon as a Z command is generated
-        $gcodegen->move_z_callback(sub {
-            $gcodegen->move_z_callback(undef);  # circular ref or not?
-            return "" if !$Slic3r::Config->layer_gcode;
-            return $Slic3r::Config->replace_options($Slic3r::Config->layer_gcode) . "\n";
-        });
-        
-        # extrude skirt
-        if ($skirt_done < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
-            $gcodegen->set_shift(@shift);
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[0]);  # move_z requires extruder
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->move_z($gcodegen->layer->print_z);
-            # skip skirt if we have a large brim
-            if ($layer->id < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
-                # distribute skirt loops across all extruders
-                for my $i (0 .. $#{$self->skirt}) {
-                    # when printing layers > 0 ignore 'min_skirt_length' and 
-                    # just use the 'skirts' setting; also just use the current extruder
-                    last if ($layer->id > 0) && ($i >= $Slic3r::Config->skirts);
-                    $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[ ($i/@{$self->extruders}) % @{$self->extruders} ])
-                        if $layer->id == 0;
-                    $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude_loop($self->skirt->[$i], 'skirt');
-                }
-            }
-            $skirt_done++;
-            $gcodegen->straight_once(1);
-        }
-        
-        # extrude brim
-        if (!$brim_done) {
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[$Slic3r::Config->support_material_extruder-1]);  # move_z requires extruder
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->move_z($gcodegen->layer->print_z);
-            $gcodegen->set_shift(@shift);
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude_loop($_, 'brim') for @{$self->brim};
-            $brim_done = 1;
-            $gcodegen->straight_once(1);
-        }
-        
-        for my $copy (@$object_copies) {
-            $gcodegen->new_object(1) if $last_obj_copy && $last_obj_copy ne "$copy";
-            $last_obj_copy = "$copy";
-            
-            $gcodegen->set_shift(map $shift[$_] + unscale $copy->[$_], X,Y);
-            
-            # extrude support material before other things because it might use a lower Z
-            # and also because we avoid travelling on other things when printing it
-            if ($self->has_support_material) {
-                $gcode .= $gcodegen->move_z($layer->support_material_contact_z)
-                    if ($layer->support_contact_fills && @{ $layer->support_contact_fills->paths });
-                $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[$Slic3r::Config->support_material_extruder-1]);
-                if ($layer->support_contact_fills) {
-                    $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude_path($_, 'support material contact area') 
-                        for $layer->support_contact_fills->chained_path($gcodegen->last_pos); 
-                }
-                
-                $gcode .= $gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
-                if ($layer->support_fills) {
-                    $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude_path($_, 'support material') 
-                        for $layer->support_fills->chained_path($gcodegen->last_pos);
-                }
-            }
-            
-            # set actual Z - this will force a retraction
-            $gcode .= $gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
-            
-            # tweak region ordering to save toolchanges
-            my @region_ids = 0 .. ($self->regions_count-1);
-            if ($gcodegen->multiple_extruders) {
-                my $last_extruder = $gcodegen->extruder;
-                my $best_region_id = first { $self->regions->[$_]->extruders->{perimeter} eq $last_extruder } @region_ids;
-                @region_ids = ($best_region_id, grep $_ != $best_region_id, @region_ids) if $best_region_id;
-            }
-            
-            foreach my $region_id (@region_ids) {
-                my $layerm = $layer->regions->[$region_id];
-                my $region = $self->regions->[$region_id];
-                
-                my @islands = ();
-                if ($Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
-                    push @islands, map +{ perimeters => [], fills => [] }, @{$layer->slices};
-                    PERIMETER: foreach my $perimeter (@{$layerm->perimeters}) {
-                        my $p = $perimeter->unpack;
-                        for my $i (0 .. $#{$layer->slices}-1) {
-                            if ($layer->slices->[$i]->contour->encloses_point($p->first_point)) {
-                                push @{ $islands[$i]{perimeters} }, $p;
-                                next PERIMETER;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        push @{ $islands[-1]{perimeters} }, $p; # optimization
-                    }
-                    FILL: foreach my $fill (@{$layerm->fills}) {
-                        my $f = $fill->unpack;
-                        for my $i (0 .. $#{$layer->slices}-1) {
-                            if ($layer->slices->[$i]->contour->encloses_point($f->first_point)) {
-                                push @{ $islands[$i]{fills} }, $f;
-                                next FILL;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        push @{ $islands[-1]{fills} }, $f; # optimization
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    push @islands, {
-                        perimeters  => $layerm->perimeters,
-                        fills       => $layerm->fills,
-                    };
-                }
-                
-                foreach my $island (@islands) {
-                    my $extrude_perimeters = sub {
-                        return if !@{ $island->{perimeters} };
-                        $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{perimeter});
-                        $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude($_, 'perimeter') for @{ $island->{perimeters} };
-                    };
-                    
-                    my $extrude_fills = sub {
-                        return if !@{ $island->{fills} };
-                        $gcode .= $gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{infill});
-                        for my $fill (@{ $island->{fills} }) {
-                            if ($fill->isa('Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection')) {
-                                $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude($_, 'fill') 
-                                    for $fill->chained_path($gcodegen->last_pos);
-                            } else {
-                                $gcode .= $gcodegen->extrude($fill, 'fill') ;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    };
-                    
-                    # give priority to infill if we were already using its extruder and it wouldn't
-                    # be good for perimeters
-                    if ($Slic3r::Config->infill_first
-                        || ($gcodegen->multiple_extruders && $region->extruders->{infill} eq $gcodegen->extruder) && $region->extruders->{infill} ne $region->extruders->{perimeter}) {
-                        $extrude_fills->();
-                        $extrude_perimeters->();
-                    } else {
-                        $extrude_perimeters->();
-                        $extrude_fills->();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        # apply spiral vase post-processing if this layer contains suitable geometry
-        $gcode = $spiralvase->process_layer($gcode, $layer)
-            if defined $spiralvase
-            && ($layer->id > 0 || $Slic3r::Config->brim_width == 0)
-            && ($layer->id >= $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height)
-            && ($layer->id >= $Slic3r::Config->bottom_solid_layers);
-        
-        return $gcode;
-    };
+    # prepare the layer processor
+    my $layer_gcode = Slic3r::GCode::Layer->new(
+        print       => $self,
+        gcodegen    => $gcodegen,
+        shift       => \@shift,
+    );
     
     # do all objects for each layer
     if ($Slic3r::Config->complete_objects) {
@@ -970,7 +799,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
                             if $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_bed_temperature;
                         $print_first_layer_temperature->();
                     }
-                    print $fh $buffer->append($extrude_layer->($layer, [$copy]), $layer);
+                    print $fh $buffer->append($layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, [$copy]), $layer);
                 }
                 print $fh $buffer->flush;
                 $finished_objects++;
@@ -981,8 +810,10 @@ sub write_gcode {
             config      => $Slic3r::Config,
             gcodegen    => $gcodegen,
         );
-        print $fh $buffer->append($extrude_layer->($_, $_->object->copies), $_)
-            for sort { $a->print_z <=> $b->print_z } map @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects};
+        my @layers = sort { $a->print_z <=> $b->print_z } map @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects};
+        foreach my $layer (@layers) {
+            print $fh $buffer->append($layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, $layer->object->copies), $layer);
+        }
         print $fh $buffer->flush;
     }
     

From 7180e7cb30938e996f86b4329f77bf5c1a8ef1b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 10:35:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 12/78] Speed optimization in avoid_crossing_perimeters

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm | 6 ++++--
 lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm             | 6 ------
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
index 6eff6c3bc1..026485357b 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ sub BUILD {
     
     {
         my @outer = (map @$_, @{$self->_outer});
+        my @outer_ex = map [$_], @outer;  # as ExPolygons
         
         # lines of outer polygons connect visible points
         for my $i (0 .. $#outer) {
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ sub BUILD {
                 for my $m (0 .. $#{$outer[$i]}) {
                     for my $n (0 .. $#{$outer[$j]}) {
                         my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($outer[$i][$m], $outer[$j][$n]);
-                        if (!first { $_->intersects_line($line) } @outer) {
+                        if (!@{Boost::Geometry::Utils::multi_polygon_multi_linestring_intersection(\@outer_ex, [$line])}) {
                             # this line does not cross any polygon
                             my $dist = $line->length;
                             $edges->{$outer[$i][$m]}{$outer[$j][$n]} = $dist;
@@ -106,12 +107,13 @@ sub BUILD {
     # lines connecting inner polygons contours are visible but discouraged
     if (!$self->no_internal) {
         my @inner = (map $_->contour, map @$_, @{$self->_inner});
+        my @inner_ex = map [$_], @inner;  # as ExPolygons
         for my $i (0 .. $#inner) {
             for my $j (($i+1) .. $#inner) {
                 for my $m (0 .. $#{$inner[$i]}) {
                     for my $n (0 .. $#{$inner[$j]}) {
                         my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($inner[$i][$m], $inner[$j][$n]);
-                        if (!first { $_->intersects_line($line) } @inner) {
+                        if (!@{Boost::Geometry::Utils::multi_polygon_multi_linestring_intersection(\@inner_ex, [$line])}) {
                             # this line does not cross any polygon
                             my $dist = $line->length * CROSSING_FACTOR;
                             $edges->{$inner[$i][$m]}{$inner[$j][$n]} = $dist;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
index f8df6915a6..6e460f40b9 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Polygon.pm
@@ -172,10 +172,4 @@ sub split_at_first_point {
     return $self->split_at_index(0);
 }
 
-sub intersects_line {
-    my $self = shift;
-    my ($line) = @_;
-    return @{Boost::Geometry::Utils::polygon_multi_linestring_intersection([$self], [$line])} > 0;
-}
-
 1;
\ No newline at end of file

From b5b0c2cc8944375d9361086236d8f332517a4dea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 10:47:00 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 13/78] Bad copy and paste in commit from yesterday causing
 loss of perimeters. #1178

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
index 4a6eb366dc..1cb0b90bab 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
@@ -176,8 +176,11 @@ sub _extrude_perimeters {
     my ($island, $region) = @_;
     
     return "" if !@{ $island->{perimeters} };
-    return $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{perimeter})
-        . $self->gcodegen->extrude($_, 'perimeter') for @{ $island->{perimeters} };
+    
+    my $gcode = "";
+    $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($region->extruders->{perimeter});
+    $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude($_, 'perimeter') for @{ $island->{perimeters} };
+    return $gcode;
 }
 
 sub _extrude_infill {

From 627debf2843d28465d2a7a61225b5d95839af08f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 11:25:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 14/78] Scale bounding_box by sqrt(2) in honeycomb too to
 ensure it will cover the object even after rotation, like we already did for
 Rectilinear

---
 lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
index 1985ddb993..4a44b445c8 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Fill/Honeycomb.pm
@@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ sub fill_surface {
         
         # adjust actual bounding box to the nearest multiple of our hex pattern
         # and align it so that it matches across layers
+        
         my $bounding_box = [ @{$self->bounding_box} ];  # clone
         $bounding_box->[$_] = 0 for X1, Y1;
         {
             my $bb_polygon = Slic3r::Polygon->new_from_bounding_box($bounding_box);
+            $bb_polygon->scale(sqrt 2);
             $bb_polygon->rotate($rotate_vector->[0][0], $hex_center);
             $bounding_box = [ Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box($bb_polygon) ];
             # $bounding_box->[X1] and [Y1] represent the displacement between new bounding box offset and old one

From bbb190dc68e06f8666403e6df54fac69f55de81c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 11:35:41 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 15/78] Generate infill using each object's bounding_box
 instead of full print. #1177

---
 lib/Slic3r/Fill.pm         |  4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm |  2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm        | 12 +++---------
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 17 +++++++++++++++--
 4 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Fill.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Fill.pm
index 68b677c9fc..ecd0c024d2 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Fill.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Fill.pm
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(union_ex diff diff_ex intersection_ex offset);
 use Slic3r::Surface ':types';
 
 
-has 'print'     => (is => 'ro', required => 1, weak_ref => 1);
+has 'object'    => (is => 'ro', required => 1, weak_ref => 1);
 has 'fillers'   => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
 
 our %FillTypes = (
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ sub filler {
     }
     
     $self->fillers->{$filler} ||= $FillTypes{$filler}->new(
-        bounding_box => [ $self->print->bounding_box ],
+        bounding_box => [ $self->object->bounding_box ],
     );
     return $self->fillers->{$filler};
 }
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
index 65ee99ae6c..1e32aff94c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ sub _fill_gaps {
     
     return unless $Slic3r::Config->gap_fill_speed > 0 && $Slic3r::Config->fill_density > 0 && @$gaps;
     
-    my $filler = $self->layer->object->print->fill_maker->filler('rectilinear');
+    my $filler = $self->layer->object->fill_maker->filler('rectilinear');
     $filler->layer_id($self->layer->id);
     
     # we should probably use this code to handle thin walls and remove that logic from
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index c5e341cb52..9acbe2cf34 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ has 'regions'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub {[]});
 has 'support_material_flow'  => (is => 'rw');
 has 'first_layer_support_material_flow' => (is => 'rw');
 has 'has_support_material'   => (is => 'lazy');
-has 'fill_maker'             => (is => 'lazy');
 
 # ordered collection of extrusion paths to build skirt loops
 has 'skirt' => (
@@ -82,11 +81,6 @@ sub _build_has_support_material {
         || $self->config->support_material_enforce_layers > 0;
 }
 
-sub _build_fill_maker {
-    my $self = shift;
-    return Slic3r::Fill->new(print => $self);
-}
-
 # caller is responsible for supplying models whose objects don't collide
 # and have explicit instance positions
 sub add_model {
@@ -362,7 +356,6 @@ sub export_gcode {
     # this will generate extrusion paths for each layer
     $status_cb->(80, "Infilling layers");
     {
-        my $fill_maker = $self->fill_maker;
         Slic3r::parallelize(
             items => sub {
                 my @items = ();  # [obj_idx, layer_id]
@@ -379,10 +372,11 @@ sub export_gcode {
                 my $fills = {};
                 while (defined (my $obj_layer = $q->dequeue)) {
                     my ($obj_idx, $layer_id, $region_id) = @$obj_layer;
+                    my $object = $self->objects->[$obj_idx];
                     $fills->{$obj_idx} ||= {};
                     $fills->{$obj_idx}{$layer_id} ||= {};
                     $fills->{$obj_idx}{$layer_id}{$region_id} = [
-                        $fill_maker->make_fill($self->objects->[$obj_idx]->layers->[$layer_id]->regions->[$region_id]),
+                        $object->fill_maker->make_fill($object->layers->[$layer_id]->regions->[$region_id]),
                     ];
                 }
                 return $fills;
@@ -401,7 +395,7 @@ sub export_gcode {
             },
             no_threads_cb => sub {
                 foreach my $layerm (map @{$_->regions}, map @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects}) {
-                    $layerm->fills([ $fill_maker->make_fill($layerm) ]);
+                    $layerm->fills([ $layerm->layer->object->fill_maker->make_fill($layerm) ]);
                 }
             },
         );
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 39913d592e..816b986598 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ has 'size'              => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'copies'            => (is => 'rw', trigger => 1);  # in scaled coordinates
 has 'layers'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
 has 'layer_height_ranges' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
+has 'fill_maker'        => (is => 'lazy');
 
 sub BUILD {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -76,6 +77,11 @@ sub BUILD {
     }
 }
 
+sub _build_fill_maker {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Fill->new(object => $self);
+}
+
 # This should be probably moved in Print.pm at the point where we sort Layer objects
 sub _trigger_copies {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -127,6 +133,13 @@ sub get_layer_range {
     return ($min_layer, $max_layer);
 }
 
+sub bounding_box {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    # since the object is aligned to origin, bounding box coincides with size
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box([ [0,0], $self->size ]);
+}
+
 sub slice {
     my $self = shift;
     my %params = @_;
@@ -931,7 +944,7 @@ sub generate_support_material {
             push @angles, $angles[0] + 90;
         }
         
-        my $filler = $self->print->fill_maker->filler($pattern);
+        my $filler = $self->fill_maker->filler($pattern);
         my $make_pattern = sub {
             my ($expolygon, $density) = @_;
             
@@ -1016,7 +1029,7 @@ sub generate_support_material {
             
             # make a solid base on bottom layer
             if ($layer_id == 0) {
-                my $filler = $self->print->fill_maker->filler('rectilinear');
+                my $filler = $self->fill_maker->filler('rectilinear');
                 $filler->angle($Slic3r::Config->support_material_angle + 90);
                 foreach my $expolygon (@$islands) {
                     my @paths = $filler->fill_surface(

From 48e37f97b48839fb3f071920e5bccbeb22a61936 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 15:33:54 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 16/78] Fixed bad copy and paste causing multiple extruders to
 throw an error

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
index 1cb0b90bab..bb74dcd29f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package Slic3r::GCode::Layer;
 use Moo;
 
+use List::Util qw(first);
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y unscale);
 
 has 'print'                         => (is => 'ro', required => 1, handles => [qw(extruders)]);

From 5494f4f38558129283cbec8a2ba421aff3ec07b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 17:34:33 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 17/78] Free @_ before spawning a new thread (known old Perl
 bug) as an attempt to fix the unref scalars error

---
 lib/Slic3r.pm            | 1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm        | 1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 2 ++
 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 1d2849f1d4..bd5215c4c2 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ sub parallelize {
         $q->enqueue(@items, (map undef, 1..$Config->threads));
         
         my $thread_cb = sub { $params{thread_cb}->($q) };
+        @_ = ();
         foreach my $th (map threads->create($thread_cb), 1..$Config->threads) {
             $params{collect_cb}->($th->join);
         }
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index 0f9057ed7c..a799a570c5 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ sub check_version {
     my %p = @_;
     Slic3r::debugf "Checking for updates...\n";
     
+    @_ = ();
     threads->create(sub {
         my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
         $ua->timeout(10);
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 4f63271d69..1144e5072f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -545,6 +545,7 @@ sub export_gcode {
     
     $self->statusbar->StartBusy;
     if ($Slic3r::have_threads) {
+        @_ = ();
         $self->{export_thread} = threads->create(sub {
             $self->export_gcode2(
                 $print,
@@ -739,6 +740,7 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
         }
     };
     
+    @_ = ();
     $Slic3r::have_threads ? threads->create($cb)->detach : $cb->();
 }
 

From f13d4e4e660f4a6fdbad8df089b8ac0fc15e2622 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 19 May 2013 18:03:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 18/78] Restore skirt preview and extrude clearance after
 recent usage of int_offset()

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 1144e5072f..933dbcb20c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ sub repaint {
             # if sequential printing is enabled and we have more than one object
             if ($parent->{config}->complete_objects && (map @{$_->instances}, @{$parent->{objects}}) > 1) {
             	my $convex_hull = Slic3r::Polygon->new(convex_hull([ map @{$_->contour}, @{$parent->{object_previews}->[-1][2]->expolygons} ]));
-                my ($clearance) = offset([$convex_hull], $parent->{config}->extruder_clearance_radius / 2 * $parent->{scaling_factor}, 1, JT_ROUND);
+                my ($clearance) = @{offset([$convex_hull], $parent->{config}->extruder_clearance_radius / 2 * $parent->{scaling_factor}, 100, JT_ROUND)};
                 $dc->SetPen($parent->{clearance_pen});
                 $dc->SetBrush($parent->{transparent_brush});
                 $dc->DrawPolygon($parent->_y($clearance), 0, 0);
@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ sub repaint {
     # draw skirt
     if (@{$parent->{object_previews}} && $parent->{config}->skirts) {
         my $convex_hull = Slic3r::Polygon->new(convex_hull([ map @{$_->contour}, map @{$_->[2]->expolygons}, @{$parent->{object_previews}} ]));
-        ($convex_hull) = offset([$convex_hull], $parent->{config}->skirt_distance * $parent->{scaling_factor}, 1, JT_ROUND);
+        ($convex_hull) = @{offset([$convex_hull], $parent->{config}->skirt_distance * $parent->{scaling_factor}, 100, JT_ROUND)};
         $dc->SetPen($parent->{skirt_pen});
         $dc->SetBrush($parent->{transparent_brush});
         $dc->DrawPolygon($parent->_y($convex_hull), 0, 0) if $convex_hull;

From c43ef450646bf03dee96419abb08599f6651e309 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 20 May 2013 09:56:55 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 19/78] Require the newest Math::Clipper and
 Boost::Geometry::Utils to avoid the huge memory leaks present in previous
 versions

---
 Build.PL                       | 4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r.pm                  | 2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Build.PL b/Build.PL
index d7d4d8e8ab..522cf2284f 100644
--- a/Build.PL
+++ b/Build.PL
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ my $build = Module::Build->new(
     dist_version    => '0.1',
     license         => 'perl',
     requires        => {
-        'Boost::Geometry::Utils'    => '0.08',
+        'Boost::Geometry::Utils'    => '0.12',
         'Encode::Locale'            => '0',
         'File::Basename'            => '0',
         'File::Spec'                => '0',
         'Getopt::Long'              => '0',
-        'Math::Clipper'             => '1.21',
+        'Math::Clipper'             => '1.22',
         'Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain' => '0.01',
         'Math::Geometry::Voronoi'   => '1.3',
         'Math::PlanePath'           => '53',
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index bd5215c4c2..1338ce0669 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ our $var = "$FindBin::Bin/var";
 
 use Encode;
 use Encode::Locale;
-use Boost::Geometry::Utils 0.08;
+use Boost::Geometry::Utils 0.12;
 use Moo 0.091009;
 
 use Slic3r::Config;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
index 498ccbcf78..e15f31a5a8 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ our @EXPORT_OK = qw(safety_offset safety_offset_ex offset offset_ex collapse_ex
     diff_ex diff union_ex intersection_ex xor_ex PFT_EVENODD JT_MITER JT_ROUND
     JT_SQUARE is_counter_clockwise union_pt offset2 offset2_ex traverse_pt);
 
-use Math::Clipper 1.21 qw(:cliptypes :polyfilltypes :jointypes is_counter_clockwise area);
+use Math::Clipper 1.22 qw(:cliptypes :polyfilltypes :jointypes is_counter_clockwise area);
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scale);
 our $clipper = Math::Clipper->new;
 

From 71d6f428ca3d1ceda95bb100fbe07338458aff09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 20 May 2013 10:57:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 20/78] Apparent fix for "Attempt to free unreferenced scalar"

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 933dbcb20c..e70414a3c5 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -544,6 +544,11 @@ sub export_gcode {
     }
     
     $self->statusbar->StartBusy;
+    
+    # It looks like declaring a local $SIG{__WARN__} prevents the ugly
+    # "Attempt to free unreferenced scalar" warning...
+    local $SIG{__WARN__} = Slic3r::GUI::warning_catcher($self);
+    
     if ($Slic3r::have_threads) {
         @_ = ();
         $self->{export_thread} = threads->create(sub {

From 8f5a9589485fff618921685e7d70da67826587bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 20 May 2013 11:02:12 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 21/78] Rename do_slice() to quick_slice()

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm            | 8 ++++----
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index a799a570c5..b08ae251d6 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ sub OnInit {
         $fileMenu->Append(wxID_EXIT, "&Quit", 'Quit Slic3r');
         EVT_MENU($frame, MI_LOAD_CONF, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->load_config_file });
         EVT_MENU($frame, MI_EXPORT_CONF, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->export_config });
-        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_QUICK_SLICE, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->do_slice;
+        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_QUICK_SLICE, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->quick_slice;
                                                $repeat->Enable(defined $Slic3r::GUI::SkeinPanel::last_input_file) });
-        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_REPEAT_QUICK, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->do_slice(reslice => 1) });
-        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_QUICK_SAVE_AS, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->do_slice(save_as => 1);
+        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_REPEAT_QUICK, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->quick_slice(reslice => 1) });
+        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_QUICK_SAVE_AS, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->quick_slice(save_as => 1);
                                                  $repeat->Enable(defined $Slic3r::GUI::SkeinPanel::last_input_file) });
-        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_SLICE_SVG, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->do_slice(save_as => 1, export_svg => 1) });
+        EVT_MENU($frame, MI_SLICE_SVG, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->quick_slice(save_as => 1, export_svg => 1) });
         EVT_MENU($frame, MI_COMBINE_STLS, sub { $self->{skeinpanel}->combine_stls });
         EVT_MENU($frame, wxID_PREFERENCES, sub { Slic3r::GUI::Preferences->new($frame)->ShowModal });
         EVT_MENU($frame, wxID_EXIT, sub {$_[0]->Close(0)});
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
index 5defd274cf..6f30da477c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ sub new {
     return $self;
 }
 
-sub do_slice {
+sub quick_slice {
     my $self = shift;
     my %params = @_;
     

From 7baaf6bf5d3cdf68a877a16d5f27e76f0fbc6e35 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 30 May 2013 20:06:05 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 22/78] Fixed regression causing skirt_height to he honored
 incorrectly when printing more than one object. Includes regression test
 #1200

---
 MANIFEST                   |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm  | 10 ++++-----
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm |  2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Test.pm         |  4 +++-
 t/skirt_brim.t             | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 t/skirt_brim.t

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index a9180a6913..45d52d6e61 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ t/retraction.t
 t/serialize.t
 t/shells.t
 t/slice.t
+t/skirt_brim.t
 t/support.t
 t/vibrationlimit.t
 utils/amf-to-stl.pl
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
index bb74dcd29f..d1716c4042 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ has 'gcodegen'                      => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
 has 'shift'                         => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
 
 has 'spiralvase'                    => (is => 'lazy');
-has 'skirt_done'                    => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0});  # count of skirt layers done
+has 'skirt_done'                    => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });  # print_z => 1
 has 'brim_done'                     => (is => 'rw');
 has 'second_layer_things_done'      => (is => 'rw');
 has '_last_obj_copy'                => (is => 'rw');
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ sub process_layer {
     });
     
     # extrude skirt
-    if ($self->skirt_done < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
+    if ((values %{$self->skirt_done}) < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height && !$self->skirt_done->{$layer->print_z}) {
         $self->gcodegen->set_shift(@{$self->shift});
         $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[0]);  # move_z requires extruder
-        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($self->gcodegen->layer->print_z);
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
         # skip skirt if we have a large brim
         if ($layer->id < $Slic3r::Config->skirt_height) {
             # distribute skirt loops across all extruders
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ sub process_layer {
                 $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_loop($self->print->skirt->[$i], 'skirt');
             }
         }
-        $self->skirt_done($self->skirt_done + 1);
+        $self->skirt_done->{$layer->print_z} = 1;
         $self->gcodegen->straight_once(1);
     }
     
     # extrude brim
     if (!$self->brim_done) {
         $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->set_extruder($self->extruders->[$Slic3r::Config->support_material_extruder-1]);  # move_z requires extruder
-        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($self->gcodegen->layer->print_z);
+        $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->move_z($layer->print_z);
         $self->gcodegen->set_shift(@{$self->shift});
         $gcode .= $self->gcodegen->extrude_loop($_, 'brim') for @{$self->print->brim};
         $self->brim_done(1);
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm
index 235a0ad741..20a1313b07 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ sub parse {
         my ($command, @args) = split /\s+/, $line;
         my %args = map { /([A-Z])(.*)/; ($1 => $2) } @args;
         
-        # check retraction
+        # check motion
         if ($command =~ /^G[01]$/) {
             foreach my $axis (@AXES) {
                 if (exists $args{$axis}) {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
index 63ee7ac647..46443cc6af 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ sub init_print {
     $config->set('gcode_comments', 1) if $ENV{SLIC3R_TESTS_GCODE};
     
     my $print = Slic3r::Print->new(config => $config);
-    $print->add_model(model($model_name));
+    
+    $model_name = [$model_name] if ref($model_name) ne 'ARRAY';
+    $print->add_model(model($_)) for @$model_name;
     $print->validate;
     
     return $print;
diff --git a/t/skirt_brim.t b/t/skirt_brim.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c78bf41e0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/skirt_brim.t
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+use Test::More tests => 1;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use List::Util qw(first);
+use Slic3r;
+use Slic3r::Test;
+
+{
+    my $config = Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
+    $config->set('skirts', 1);
+    $config->set('skirt_height', 2);
+    $config->set('perimeters', 0);
+    $config->set('perimeter_speed', 99);
+    $config->set('cooling', 0);                     # to prevent speeds to be altered
+    $config->set('first_layer_speed', '100%');      # to prevent speeds to be altered
+    
+    my $test = sub {
+        my ($conf) = @_;
+        $conf ||= $config;
+        
+        my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print(['20mm_cube','20mm_cube'], config => $config);
+        
+        my %layers_with_skirt = ();  # Z => $count
+        Slic3r::GCode::Reader->new(gcode => Slic3r::Test::gcode($print))->parse(sub {
+            my ($self, $cmd, $args, $info) = @_;
+            
+            if (defined $self->Z) {
+                $layers_with_skirt{$self->Z} //= 0;
+                $layers_with_skirt{$self->Z} = 1
+                    if $info->{extruding} && ($args->{F} // $self->F) == $config->perimeter_speed*60;
+            }
+        });
+        fail "wrong number of layers with skirt"
+            unless (grep $_, values %layers_with_skirt) == $config->skirt_height;
+    };
+    
+    ok $test->(), "skirt_height is honored when printing multiple objects too";
+}
+
+__END__

From da7649698809a1e5afc5460fdc022897ad1bb152 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 11:19:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 23/78] Store config in Slic3r::GCode object

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm |   1 +
 t/gcode.t           |   6 +-
 3 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 1180b76ff1..4519d933a9 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scale unscale scaled_epsilon points_coincide PI X Y B);
 use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(union_ex);
 
+has 'config'             => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
 has 'multiple_extruders' => (is => 'ro', default => sub {0} );
 has 'layer_count'        => (is => 'ro', required => 1 );
 has 'layer'              => (is => 'rw');
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ has 'shift_y'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'z'                  => (is => 'rw');
 has 'speed'              => (is => 'rw');
 
+has 'speeds'             => (is => 'lazy');  # mm/min
 has 'external_mp'        => (is => 'rw');
 has 'layer_mp'           => (is => 'rw');
 has 'new_object'         => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0});
@@ -35,15 +37,14 @@ has 'dec'                => (is => 'ro', default => sub { 3 } );
 has 'last_dir'           => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [0,0] });
 has 'dir_time'           => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [0,0] });
 
-# calculate speeds (mm/min)
-has 'speeds' => (
-    is      => 'ro',
-    default => sub {+{
-        map { $_ => 60 * $Slic3r::Config->get_value("${_}_speed") }
+sub _build_speeds {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return {
+        map { $_ => 60 * $self->config->get_value("${_}_speed") }
             qw(travel perimeter small_perimeter external_perimeter infill
                 solid_infill top_solid_infill support_material bridge gap_fill retract),
-    }},
-);
+    };
+}
 
 # assign speeds to roles
 my %role_speeds = (
@@ -81,17 +82,17 @@ sub change_layer {
     my ($layer) = @_;
     
     $self->layer($layer);
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
+    if ($self->config->avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
         $self->layer_mp(Slic3r::GCode::MotionPlanner->new(
             islands => union_ex([ map @$_, @{$layer->slices} ], undef, 1),
         ));
     }
     
     my $gcode = "";
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+    if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
         $gcode .= sprintf "M73 P%s%s\n",
             int(99 * ($layer->id / ($self->layer_count - 1))),
-            ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; update progress' : '');
+            ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; update progress' : '');
     }
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ sub move_z {
     my ($z, $comment) = @_;
     
     $z *= &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR;
-    $z += $Slic3r::Config->z_offset;
+    $z += $self->config->z_offset;
     
     my $gcode = "";
     my $current_z = $self->z;
@@ -136,9 +137,9 @@ sub extrude_loop {
     # find the point of the loop that is closest to the current extruder position
     # or randomize if requested
     my $last_pos = $self->last_pos;
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->randomize_start && $loop->role == EXTR_ROLE_CONTOUR_INTERNAL_PERIMETER) {
-        $last_pos = Slic3r::Point->new(scale $Slic3r::Config->print_center->[X], scale $Slic3r::Config->bed_size->[Y]);
-        $last_pos->rotate(rand(2*PI), $Slic3r::Config->print_center);
+    if ($self->config->randomize_start && $loop->role == EXTR_ROLE_CONTOUR_INTERNAL_PERIMETER) {
+        $last_pos = Slic3r::Point->new(scale $self->config->print_center->[X], scale $self->config->bed_size->[Y]);
+        $last_pos->rotate(rand(2*PI), $self->config->print_center);
     }
     my $start_index = $loop->nearest_point_index_to($last_pos);
     
@@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ sub extrude_loop {
     $self->wipe_path($extrusion_path->polyline);
     
     # make a little move inwards before leaving loop
-    if ($loop->role == EXTR_ROLE_EXTERNAL_PERIMETER && $Slic3r::Config->perimeters > 1) {
+    if ($loop->role == EXTR_ROLE_EXTERNAL_PERIMETER && $self->config->perimeters > 1) {
         # detect angle between last and first segment
         # the side depends on the original winding order of the polygon (left for contours, right for holes)
         my @points = $was_clockwise ? (-2, 1) : (1, -2);
@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ sub extrude_path {
     $path->simplify(&Slic3r::SCALED_RESOLUTION);
     
     # detect arcs
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_arcs && !$recursive) {
+    if ($self->config->gcode_arcs && !$recursive) {
         my $gcode = "";
         foreach my $arc_path ($path->detect_arcs) {
             $gcode .= $self->extrude_path($arc_path, $description, 1);
@@ -204,12 +205,12 @@ sub extrude_path {
     
     # adjust acceleration
     my $acceleration;
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->perimeter_acceleration && $path->is_perimeter) {
-        $acceleration = $Slic3r::Config->perimeter_acceleration;
-    } elsif ($Slic3r::Config->infill_acceleration && $path->is_fill) {
-        $acceleration = $Slic3r::Config->infill_acceleration;
-    } elsif ($Slic3r::Config->infill_acceleration && ($path->role == EXTR_ROLE_BRIDGE || $path->role == EXTR_ROLE_INTERNALBRIDGE)) {
-        $acceleration = $Slic3r::Config->bridge_acceleration;
+    if ($self->config->perimeter_acceleration && $path->is_perimeter) {
+        $acceleration = $self->config->perimeter_acceleration;
+    } elsif ($self->config->infill_acceleration && $path->is_fill) {
+        $acceleration = $self->config->infill_acceleration;
+    } elsif ($self->config->infill_acceleration && ($path->role == EXTR_ROLE_BRIDGE || $path->role == EXTR_ROLE_INTERNALBRIDGE)) {
+        $acceleration = $self->config->bridge_acceleration;
     }
     $gcode .= $self->set_acceleration($acceleration) if $acceleration;
     
@@ -251,19 +252,19 @@ sub extrude_path {
             if $self->extruder->wipe;
     }
     
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->cooling) {
+    if ($self->config->cooling) {
         my $path_time = $path_length / $self->speeds->{$self->last_speed} * 60;
         if ($self->layer->id == 0) {
-            $path_time = $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_speed =~ /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/
+            $path_time = $self->config->first_layer_speed =~ /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/
                 ? $path_time / ($1/100)
-                : $path_length / $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_speed * 60;
+                : $path_length / $self->config->first_layer_speed * 60;
         }
         $self->elapsed_time($self->elapsed_time + $path_time);
     }
     
     # reset acceleration
-    $gcode .= $self->set_acceleration($Slic3r::Config->default_acceleration)
-        if $acceleration && $Slic3r::Config->default_acceleration;
+    $gcode .= $self->set_acceleration($self->config->default_acceleration)
+        if $acceleration && $self->config->default_acceleration;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -282,13 +283,13 @@ sub travel_to {
     $travel->translate(-$self->shift_x, -$self->shift_y);
     
     if ($travel->length < scale $self->extruder->retract_before_travel
-        || ($Slic3r::Config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters && first { $_->encloses_line($travel, scaled_epsilon) } @{$self->layer->slices})
+        || ($self->config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters && first { $_->encloses_line($travel, scaled_epsilon) } @{$self->layer->slices})
         || ($role == EXTR_ROLE_SUPPORTMATERIAL && $self->layer->support_islands_enclose_line($travel))
         ) {
         $self->straight_once(0);
         $self->speed('travel');
         $gcode .= $self->G0($point, undef, 0, $comment || "");
-    } elsif (!$Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters || $self->straight_once) {
+    } elsif (!$self->config->avoid_crossing_perimeters || $self->straight_once) {
         $self->straight_once(0);
         $gcode .= $self->retract(travel_to => $point);
         $self->speed('travel');
@@ -322,7 +323,7 @@ sub _plan {
     my @travel = $mp->shortest_path($self->last_pos, $point)->lines;
     
     # if the path is not contained in a single island we need to retract
-    my $need_retract = !$Slic3r::Config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters;
+    my $need_retract = !$self->config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters;
     if (!$need_retract) {
         $need_retract = 1;
         foreach my $slice (@{$self->layer->slices}) {
@@ -370,7 +371,7 @@ sub retract {
         ? undef
         : [undef, $self->z + $self->extruder->retract_lift, 0, 'lift plate during travel'];
     
-    if (($Slic3r::Config->g0 || $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3') && $params{travel_to}) {
+    if (($self->config->g0 || $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3') && $params{travel_to}) {
         $self->speed('travel');
         if ($lift) {
             # combine lift and retract
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@ sub retract {
             my $travel = [$params{travel_to}, undef, $retract->[2], "travel and $comment"];
             $gcode .= $self->G0(@$travel);
         }
-    } elsif (($Slic3r::Config->g0 || $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3') && defined $params{move_z}) {
+    } elsif (($self->config->g0 || $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3') && defined $params{move_z}) {
         # combine Z change and retraction
         $self->speed('travel');
         my $travel = [undef, $params{move_z}, $retract->[2], "change layer and $comment"];
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ sub retract {
     
     # reset extrusion distance during retracts
     # this makes sure we leave sufficient precision in the firmware
-    $gcode .= $self->reset_e if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor !~ /^(?:mach3|makerbot)$/;
+    $gcode .= $self->reset_e if $self->config->gcode_flavor !~ /^(?:mach3|makerbot)$/;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -448,8 +449,8 @@ sub reset_e {
     my $self = shift;
     
     $self->extrusion_distance(0);
-    return sprintf "G92 %s0%s\n", $Slic3r::Config->extrusion_axis, ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; reset extrusion distance' : '')
-        if $Slic3r::Config->extrusion_axis && !$Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances;
+    return sprintf "G92 %s0%s\n", $self->config->extrusion_axis, ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; reset extrusion distance' : '')
+        if $self->config->extrusion_axis && !$self->config->use_relative_e_distances;
 }
 
 sub set_acceleration {
@@ -458,12 +459,12 @@ sub set_acceleration {
     return "" if !$acceleration;
     
     return sprintf "M204 S%s%s\n",
-        $acceleration, ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; adjust acceleration' : '');
+        $acceleration, ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; adjust acceleration' : '');
 }
 
 sub G0 {
     my $self = shift;
-    return $self->G1(@_) if !($Slic3r::Config->g0 || $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3');
+    return $self->G1(@_) if !($self->config->g0 || $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3');
     return $self->_G0_G1("G0", @_);
 }
 
@@ -533,9 +534,9 @@ sub _Gx {
             ? ($self->extruder->retract_speed_mm_min)
             : $self->speeds->{$self->speed} // $self->speed;
         if ($e && $self->layer && $self->layer->id == 0 && $comment !~ /retract/) {
-            $F = $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_speed =~ /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/
+            $F = $self->config->first_layer_speed =~ /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/
                 ? ($F * $1/100)
-                : $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_speed * 60;
+                : $self->config->first_layer_speed * 60;
         }
         $self->last_speed($self->speed);
         $self->last_f($F);
@@ -543,14 +544,14 @@ sub _Gx {
     $gcode .= sprintf " F%.${dec}f", $F if defined $F;
     
     # output extrusion distance
-    if ($e && $Slic3r::Config->extrusion_axis) {
-        $self->extrusion_distance(0) if $Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances;
+    if ($e && $self->config->extrusion_axis) {
+        $self->extrusion_distance(0) if $self->config->use_relative_e_distances;
         $self->extrusion_distance($self->extrusion_distance + $e);
         $self->total_extrusion_length($self->total_extrusion_length + $e);
-        $gcode .= sprintf " %s%.5f", $Slic3r::Config->extrusion_axis, $self->extrusion_distance;
+        $gcode .= sprintf " %s%.5f", $self->config->extrusion_axis, $self->extrusion_distance;
     }
     
-    $gcode .= sprintf " ; %s", $comment if $comment && $Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments;
+    $gcode .= sprintf " ; %s", $comment if $comment && $self->config->gcode_comments;
     if ($append_bridge_off) {
         $gcode .= "\n;_BRIDGE_FAN_END";
     }
@@ -575,8 +576,8 @@ sub set_extruder {
     $gcode .= $self->retract(toolchange => 1) if defined $self->extruder;
     
     # append custom toolchange G-code
-    if (defined $self->extruder && $Slic3r::Config->toolchange_gcode) {
-        $gcode .= sprintf "%s\n", $Slic3r::Config->replace_options($Slic3r::Config->toolchange_gcode, {
+    if (defined $self->extruder && $self->config->toolchange_gcode) {
+        $gcode .= sprintf "%s\n", $self->config->replace_options($self->config->toolchange_gcode, {
             previous_extruder   => $self->extruder->id,
             next_extruder       => $extruder->id,
         });
@@ -585,11 +586,11 @@ sub set_extruder {
     # set the new extruder
     $self->extruder($extruder);
     my $toolchange_gcode = sprintf "%s%d%s\n", 
-        ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M108 T' : 'T'),
+        ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M108 T' : 'T'),
         $extruder->id,
-        ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; change extruder' : '');
+        ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; change extruder' : '');
     
-    if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+    if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
         $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
         $gcode .= $toolchange_gcode;
     } else {
@@ -607,18 +608,18 @@ sub set_fan {
     if ($self->last_fan_speed != $speed || $dont_save) {
         $self->last_fan_speed($speed) if !$dont_save;
         if ($speed == 0) {
-            my $code = $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup'
+            my $code = $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup'
                 ? 'M106 S0'
-                : $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/
+                : $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/
                     ? 'M127'
                     : 'M107';
-            return sprintf "$code%s\n", ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; disable fan' : '');
+            return sprintf "$code%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; disable fan' : '');
         } else {
-            if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
-                return sprintf "M126%s\n", ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; enable fan' : '');
+            if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+                return sprintf "M126%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; enable fan' : '');
             } else {
-                return sprintf "M106 %s%d%s\n", ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'),
-                    (255 * $speed / 100), ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_comments ? ' ; enable fan' : '');
+                return sprintf "M106 %s%d%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'),
+                    (255 * $speed / 100), ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; enable fan' : '');
             }
         }
     }
@@ -629,17 +630,17 @@ sub set_temperature {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($temperature, $wait, $tool) = @_;
     
-    return "" if $wait && $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/;
+    return "" if $wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/;
     
-    my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
+    my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
         ? ('M109', 'wait for temperature to be reached')
         : ('M104', 'set temperature');
     my $gcode = sprintf "$code %s%d %s; $comment\n",
-        ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature,
-        (defined $tool && ($self->multiple_extruders || $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/)) ? "T$tool " : "";
+        ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature,
+        (defined $tool && ($self->multiple_extruders || $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/)) ? "T$tool " : "";
     
     $gcode .= "M116 ; wait for temperature to be reached\n"
-        if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup' && $wait;
+        if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup' && $wait;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -648,14 +649,14 @@ sub set_bed_temperature {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($temperature, $wait) = @_;
     
-    my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
-        ? (($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M109' : 'M190'), 'wait for bed temperature to be reached')
+    my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
+        ? (($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M109' : 'M190'), 'wait for bed temperature to be reached')
         : ('M140', 'set bed temperature');
     my $gcode = sprintf "$code %s%d ; $comment\n",
-        ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature;
+        ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature;
     
     $gcode .= "M116 ; wait for bed temperature to be reached\n"
-        if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup' && $wait;
+        if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup' && $wait;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -665,8 +666,8 @@ sub _limit_frequency {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($point) = @_;
     
-    return '' if $Slic3r::Config->vibration_limit == 0;
-    my $min_time = 1 / ($Slic3r::Config->vibration_limit * 60);  # in minutes
+    return '' if $self->config->vibration_limit == 0;
+    my $min_time = 1 / ($self->config->vibration_limit * 60);  # in minutes
     
     # calculate the move vector and move direction
     my $vector = Slic3r::Line->new($self->last_pos, $point)->vector;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 9acbe2cf34..04fc20ed81 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -688,6 +688,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
     
     # set up our extruder object
     my $gcodegen = Slic3r::GCode->new(
+        config              => $self->config,
         multiple_extruders  => (@{$self->extruders} > 1),
         layer_count         => $self->layer_count,
     );
diff --git a/t/gcode.t b/t/gcode.t
index c41307d4fc..61c940faf2 100644
--- a/t/gcode.t
+++ b/t/gcode.t
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ use Slic3r;
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scale);
 
 {
-    local $Slic3r::Config = Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
-    my $gcodegen = Slic3r::GCode->new(layer_count => 1);
+    my $gcodegen = Slic3r::GCode->new(
+        config      => Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults,
+        layer_count => 1,
+    );
     $gcodegen->set_shift(10, 10);
     is_deeply $gcodegen->last_pos, [scale -10, scale -10], 'last_pos is shifted correctly';
 }

From 5c7dd2cf78310b2511aa21a29329f24ca6d91026 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 12:18:33 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 24/78] Some fixes to the cooling logic and new test suite for
 cooling

---
 MANIFEST                          |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm | 13 +++--
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm               | 14 ++++-
 t/cooling.t                       | 89 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 t/cooling.t

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 45d52d6e61..c319935b98 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ t/clean_polylines.t
 t/clipper.t
 t/collinear.t
 t/combineinfill.t
+t/cooling.t
 t/custom_gcode.t
 t/dynamic.t
 t/fill.t
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm
index a04554f58c..a4f44fe260 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/CoolingBuffer.pm
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ has 'gcodegen'  => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
 has 'gcode'     => (is => 'rw', default => sub {""});
 has 'elapsed_time' => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0});
 has 'layer_id'  => (is => 'rw');
-has 'last_z'    => (is => 'rw');
+has 'last_z'    => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });  # obj_id => z (basically a 'last seen' table)
 has 'min_print_speed' => (is => 'lazy');
 
 sub _build_min_print_speed {
@@ -16,15 +16,17 @@ sub _build_min_print_speed {
 
 sub append {
     my $self = shift;
-    my ($gcode, $layer) = @_;
+    my ($gcode, $obj_id, $layer_id, $print_z) = @_;
+    
+    # TODO: differentiate $obj_id between normal layers and support layers
     
     my $return = "";
-    if (defined $self->last_z && $self->last_z != $layer->print_z) {
+    if (exists $self->last_z->{$obj_id} && $self->last_z->{$obj_id} != $print_z) {
         $return = $self->flush;
     }
     
-    $self->layer_id($layer->id);
-    $self->last_z($layer->print_z);
+    $self->layer_id($layer_id);
+    $self->last_z->{$obj_id} = $print_z;
     $self->gcode($self->gcode . $gcode);
     $self->elapsed_time($self->elapsed_time + $self->gcodegen->elapsed_time);
     $self->gcodegen->elapsed_time(0);
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ sub flush {
     my $elapsed = $self->elapsed_time;
     $self->gcode("");
     $self->elapsed_time(0);
+    $self->last_z({});  # reset the whole table otherwise we would compute overlapping times
     
     my $fan_speed = $self->config->fan_always_on ? $self->config->min_fan_speed : 0;
     my $speed_factor = 1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 04fc20ed81..0e4182da50 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -794,7 +794,12 @@ sub write_gcode {
                             if $Slic3r::Config->first_layer_bed_temperature;
                         $print_first_layer_temperature->();
                     }
-                    print $fh $buffer->append($layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, [$copy]), $layer);
+                    print $fh $buffer->append(
+                        $layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, [$copy]),
+                        $layer->object."",
+                        $layer->id,
+                        $layer->print_z,
+                    );
                 }
                 print $fh $buffer->flush;
                 $finished_objects++;
@@ -807,7 +812,12 @@ sub write_gcode {
         );
         my @layers = sort { $a->print_z <=> $b->print_z } map @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects};
         foreach my $layer (@layers) {
-            print $fh $buffer->append($layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, $layer->object->copies), $layer);
+            print $fh $buffer->append(
+                $layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, $layer->object->copies),
+                $layer->object."",
+                $layer->id,
+                $layer->print_z,
+            );
         }
         print $fh $buffer->flush;
     }
diff --git a/t/cooling.t b/t/cooling.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27cd59b7a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/cooling.t
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use Test::More;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+plan tests => 8;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use Slic3r;
+
+sub buffer {
+    my $config = shift || Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
+    my $buffer = Slic3r::GCode::CoolingBuffer->new(
+        config      => $config,
+        gcodegen    => Slic3r::GCode->new(config => $config, layer_count => 10),
+    );
+    return $buffer;
+}
+
+my $config = Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
+$config->set('disable_fan_first_layers', 0);
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->slowdown_below_layer_time + 1);
+    my $gcode = $buffer->append('G1 X100 E1 F3000', 0, 0, 0.4) . $buffer->flush;
+    like $gcode, qr/F3000/, 'speed is not altered when elapsed time is greater than slowdown threshold';
+}
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->slowdown_below_layer_time - 1);
+    my $gcode = $buffer->append("G1 X50 F2500\nG1 X100 E1 F3000\nG1 E4 F400", 0, 0, 0.4) . $buffer->flush;
+    unlike $gcode, qr/F3000/, 'speed is altered when elapsed time is lower than slowdown threshold';
+    like $gcode, qr/F2500/, 'speed is not altered for travel moves';
+    like $gcode, qr/F400/, 'speed is not altered for extruder-only moves';
+}
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->fan_below_layer_time + 1);
+    my $gcode = $buffer->append('G1 X100 E1 F3000', 0, 0, 0.4) . $buffer->flush;
+    unlike $gcode, qr/M106/, 'fan is not activated when elapsed time is greater than fan threshold';
+}
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    my $gcode = "";
+    for my $obj_id (0 .. 1) {
+        # use an elapsed time which is < the slowdown threshold but greater than it when summed twice
+        $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->slowdown_below_layer_time - 1);
+        $gcode .= $buffer->append("G1 X100 E1 F3000\n", $obj_id, 0, 0.4);
+    }
+    $gcode .= $buffer->flush;
+    like $gcode, qr/F3000/, 'slowdown is computed on all objects printing at same Z';
+}
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    my $gcode = "";
+    for my $layer_id (0 .. 1) {
+        for my $obj_id (0 .. 1) {
+            # use an elapsed time which is < the threshold but greater than it when summed twice
+            $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->fan_below_layer_time - 1);
+            $gcode .= $buffer->append("G1 X100 E1 F3000\n", $obj_id, $layer_id, 0.4 + 0.4*$layer_id + 0.1*$obj_id); # print same layer at distinct heights
+        }
+    }
+    $gcode .= $buffer->flush;
+    unlike $gcode, qr/M106/, 'fan activation is computed on all objects printing at different Z';
+}
+
+{
+    my $buffer = buffer($config);
+    my $gcode = "";
+    for my $layer_id (0 .. 1) {
+        for my $obj_id (0 .. 1) {
+            # use an elapsed time which is < the threshold even when summed twice
+            $buffer->gcodegen->elapsed_time($buffer->config->fan_below_layer_time/2 - 1);
+            $gcode .= $buffer->append("G1 X100 E1 F3000\n", $obj_id, $layer_id, 0.4 + 0.4*$layer_id + 0.1*$obj_id); # print same layer at distinct heights
+        }
+    }
+    $gcode .= $buffer->flush;
+    like $gcode, qr/M106/, 'fan activation is computed on all objects printing at different Z';
+}
+
+__END__

From 5f06cea821d1cdcff77dfc5912a683dcc55b18d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 12:45:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 25/78] Prevent --extrusion-multiplier <= 0. #1183

---
 lib/Slic3r/Config.pm | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
index 3fc8c28355..257b90b458 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
@@ -1328,6 +1328,10 @@ sub validate {
         if $self->extruder_clearance_radius <= 0;
     die "Invalid value for --extruder-clearance-height\n"
         if $self->extruder_clearance_height <= 0;
+    
+    # --extrusion-multiplier
+    die "Invalid value for --extrusion-multiplier\n"
+        if defined first { $_ <= 0 } @{$self->extrusion_multiplier};
 }
 
 sub replace_options {

From 917915d68e5932df327a797e47a7c8a6fcfe9ca4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 14:23:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 26/78] Bugfix: superfluous extra perimeters were generated.
 #1170

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 816b986598..b166a0e319 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -313,6 +313,7 @@ sub make_perimeters {
                         [ offset([ map @$_, @$diff ], -$perimeter_spacing) ],
                         +$perimeter_spacing
                     ) ],
+                    1,
                 );
                 next if !@$diff;
                 # diff contains the collapsed area

From c62b49d1af7a6cbecfa3f97f28b388fadab40fe0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 14:30:07 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 27/78] Optimization of extra perimeters detection

---
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm | 15 ++++++++++++++-
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm     | 22 ++++++++--------------
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
index e15f31a5a8..276a300b8d 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ require Exporter;
 our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
 our @EXPORT_OK = qw(safety_offset safety_offset_ex offset offset_ex collapse_ex
     diff_ex diff union_ex intersection_ex xor_ex PFT_EVENODD JT_MITER JT_ROUND
-    JT_SQUARE is_counter_clockwise union_pt offset2 offset2_ex traverse_pt);
+    JT_SQUARE is_counter_clockwise union_pt offset2 offset2_ex traverse_pt
+    intersection);
 
 use Math::Clipper 1.22 qw(:cliptypes :polyfilltypes :jointypes is_counter_clockwise area);
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(scale);
@@ -118,6 +119,18 @@ sub intersection_ex {
     ];
 }
 
+sub intersection {
+    my ($subject, $clip, $jointype, $safety_offset) = @_;
+    $jointype = PFT_NONZERO unless defined $jointype;
+    $clipper->clear;
+    $clipper->add_subject_polygons($subject);
+    $clipper->add_clip_polygons($safety_offset ? safety_offset($clip) : $clip);
+    return [
+        map Slic3r::Polygon->new($_),
+            @{ $clipper->execute(CT_INTERSECTION, $jointype, $jointype) },
+    ];
+}
+
 sub xor_ex {
     my ($subject, $clip, $jointype) = @_;
     $jointype = PFT_NONZERO unless defined $jointype;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index b166a0e319..11339955a6 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ use Moo;
 use List::Util qw(min sum first);
 use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(Z PI scale unscale deg2rad rad2deg scaled_epsilon chained_path_points);
-use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(diff_ex intersection_ex union_ex offset collapse_ex);
+use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(diff_ex intersection_ex union_ex offset collapse_ex
+    offset2 diff intersection);
 use Slic3r::Surface ':types';
 
 has 'print'             => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
@@ -300,19 +301,16 @@ sub make_perimeters {
                 
                 my $overlap = $perimeter_spacing;  # one perimeter
                 
-                my $diff = diff_ex(
+                my $diff = diff(
                     [ offset([ map @{$_->expolygon}, @{$layerm->slices} ], -($Slic3r::Config->perimeters * $perimeter_spacing)) ],
                     [ offset([ map @{$_->expolygon}, @{$upper_layerm->slices} ], -$overlap) ],
                 );
                 next if !@$diff;
                 # if we need more perimeters, $diff should contain a narrow region that we can collapse
                 
-                $diff = diff_ex(
-                    [ map @$_, @$diff ],
-                    [ offset(
-                        [ offset([ map @$_, @$diff ], -$perimeter_spacing) ],
-                        +$perimeter_spacing
-                    ) ],
+                $diff = diff(
+                    $diff,
+                    [ offset2($diff, -$perimeter_spacing, +$perimeter_spacing) ],
                     1,
                 );
                 next if !@$diff;
@@ -324,18 +322,14 @@ sub make_perimeters {
                         # compute polygons representing the thickness of the hypotetical new internal perimeter
                         # of our slice
                         $extra_perimeters++;
-                        my $hypothetical_perimeter = diff_ex(
+                        my $hypothetical_perimeter = diff(
                             [ offset($slice->expolygon, -($perimeter_spacing * ($Slic3r::Config->perimeters + $extra_perimeters-1))) ],
                             [ offset($slice->expolygon, -($perimeter_spacing * ($Slic3r::Config->perimeters + $extra_perimeters))) ],
                         );
                         last CYCLE if !@$hypothetical_perimeter;  # no extra perimeter is possible
                         
                         # only add the perimeter if there's an intersection with the collapsed area
-                        my $intersection = intersection_ex(
-                            [ map @$_, @$diff ],
-                            [ map @$_, @$hypothetical_perimeter ],
-                        );
-                        last CYCLE if !@$intersection;
+                        last CYCLE if !@{ intersection($diff, $hypothetical_perimeter) };
                         Slic3r::debugf "  adding one more perimeter at layer %d\n", $layer_id;
                         $slice->extra_perimeters($extra_perimeters);
                     }

From 49531f6f7834d5b00a27fd91cfeccc57286e87cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 19:41:31 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 28/78] Fixed regression causing rotation from plater to also
 translate the resulting G-code. #1191

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm   | 3 +--
 lib/Slic3r/Model.pm        | 2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm        | 2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm | 4 ++--
 4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index e70414a3c5..1e229a78b5 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ sub make_model {
         }
         $new_model_object->scale($plater_object->scale);
         $new_model_object->add_instance(
-            rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,
+            rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,  # around center point
             offset      => [ @$_ ],
         ) for @{$plater_object->instances};
         $new_model_object->align_to_origin;
@@ -1128,7 +1128,6 @@ sub instances_count {
 sub make_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
-    my @points = map [ @$_[X,Y] ], @{$self->model_object->mesh->vertices};
     my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
     my $thumbnail = Slic3r::ExPolygon::Collection->new(
     	expolygons => (@{$mesh->facets} <= 5000)
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
index cb740ab741..7082472656 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ package Slic3r::Model::Instance;
 use Moo;
 
 has 'object'    => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
-has 'rotation'  => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 });
+has 'rotation'  => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 });  # around mesh center point
 has 'offset'    => (is => 'rw');
 
 1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 0e4182da50..ae29924843 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ sub add_model {
             
             # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
             # consider the first one
-            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation);
+            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $mesh->center);
             
             $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
index 0968f7354d..f6146d5405 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
@@ -324,14 +324,14 @@ sub make_loops {
 
 sub rotate {
     my $self = shift;
-    my ($deg) = @_;
+    my ($deg, $center) = @_;
     return if $deg == 0;
     
     my $rad = Slic3r::Geometry::deg2rad($deg);
     
     # transform vertex coordinates
     foreach my $vertex (@{$self->vertices}) {
-        @$vertex = (@{ +(Slic3r::Geometry::rotate_points($rad, undef, [ $vertex->[X], $vertex->[Y] ]))[0] }, $vertex->[Z]);
+        @$vertex = (@{ +(Slic3r::Geometry::rotate_points($rad, $center, [ $vertex->[X], $vertex->[Y] ]))[0] }, $vertex->[Z]);
     }
 }
 

From d801876ee93de5dd1bea2c311a7d7cf3497eda74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Jun 2013 18:54:07 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 29/78] Revert "Bugfix: configuration wizard crash 2 #1077"

This reverts commit 55c413627f8545fb5d2b75efb157d30689985d53.
---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
index 7e61cd4a09..6f30da477c 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
@@ -252,9 +252,7 @@ sub load_config {
     my ($config) = @_;
     
     foreach my $tab (values %{$self->{options_tabs}}) {
-        if ($self->{mode} eq 'expert') {
-            $tab->set_value($_, $config->$_) for keys %$config;
-        }
+        $tab->set_value($_, $config->$_) for keys %$config;
     }
 }
 

From 30ce7dc745039301913456c7a2619828b2f65e10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Jun 2013 18:56:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 30/78] Bugfix: wizard crashing in Simple Mode. #1077 #1122

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm | 11 +++++++++++
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm
index 0463a3d4e6..c1fee5439e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SimpleTab.pm
@@ -78,6 +78,17 @@ sub load_config {
     }
 }
 
+sub set_value {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($opt_key, $value) = @_;
+    
+    my $changed = 0;
+    foreach my $optgroup (@{$self->{optgroups}}) {
+        $changed = 1 if $optgroup->set_value($opt_key, $value);
+    }
+    return $changed;
+}
+
 sub is_dirty { 0 }
 sub config { $_[0]->{config}->clone }
 

From da36df65a44d340983fa01fc25ad370c2f85cd56 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 11:15:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 31/78] Warning removed when exporting config

---
 lib/Slic3r/Config.pm | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
index 257b90b458..41b5fc4f78 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use List::Util qw(first);
 our @Ignore = qw(duplicate_x duplicate_y multiply_x multiply_y support_material_tool acceleration);
 
 my $serialize_comma     = sub { join ',', @{$_[0]} };
+my $serialize_comma_bool = sub { join ',', map $_ // 0, @{$_[0]} };
 my $deserialize_comma   = sub { [ split /,/, $_[0] ] };
 
 our $Options = {
@@ -797,7 +798,7 @@ END
         tooltip => 'This flag enforces a retraction whenever a Z move is done.',
         cli     => 'retract-layer-change!',
         type    => 'bool',
-        serialize   => $serialize_comma,
+        serialize   => $serialize_comma_bool,
         deserialize => $deserialize_comma,
         default => [1],
     },
@@ -806,7 +807,7 @@ END
         tooltip => 'This flag will move the nozzle while retracting to minimize the possible blob on leaky extruders.',
         cli     => 'wipe!',
         type    => 'bool',
-        serialize   => $serialize_comma,
+        serialize   => $serialize_comma_bool,
         deserialize => $deserialize_comma,
         default => [0],
     },

From 655d528d929af4daacd63bb7796c623e3347bfba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 16:56:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 32/78] Fixed recent regression causing a spike when
 avoid_crossing_perimeters was used on split objects

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm   |  4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r/Model.pm        | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm        | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
 lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm |  9 +++++++--
 4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 1e229a78b5..0213f6c455 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -719,11 +719,11 @@ sub make_model {
         $new_model_object->scale($plater_object->scale);
         $new_model_object->add_instance(
             rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,  # around center point
-            offset      => [ @$_ ],
+            offset      => Slic3r::Point->new($_),
         ) for @{$plater_object->instances};
-        $new_model_object->align_to_origin;
     }
     
+    $model->align_to_origin;
     return $model;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
index 7082472656..b7ff6f7aec 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
@@ -164,14 +164,19 @@ sub vertices {
     return [ map @{$_->vertices}, @{$self->objects} ];
 }
 
+sub used_vertices {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ map @{$_->used_vertices}, @{$self->objects} ];
+}
+
 sub size {
     my $self = shift;
-    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->vertices) ];
+    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->used_vertices) ];
 }
 
 sub extents {
     my $self = shift;
-    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->vertices);
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
 sub align_to_origin {
@@ -179,8 +184,17 @@ sub align_to_origin {
     
     # calculate the displacements needed to 
     # have lowest value for each axis at coordinate 0
-    my @extents = $self->extents;
-    $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+    {
+        my @extents = $self->extents;
+        $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+    }
+    
+    # align all instances to 0,0 as well
+    {
+        my @instances = map @{$_->instances}, @{$self->objects};
+        my @extents = Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D([ map $_->offset, @instances ]);
+        $_->offset->translate(-$extents[X][MIN], -$extents[Y][MIN]) for @instances;
+    }
 }
 
 sub move {
@@ -260,7 +274,7 @@ package Slic3r::Model::Object;
 use Moo;
 
 use List::Util qw(first);
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN move_points_3D);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN move_points move_points_3D);
 use Storable qw(dclone);
 
 has 'input_file' => (is => 'rw');
@@ -309,14 +323,19 @@ sub mesh {
     );
 }
 
+sub used_vertices {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ map $self->vertices->[$_], map @$_, map @{$_->facets}, @{$self->volumes} ];
+}
+
 sub size {
     my $self = shift;
-    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->vertices) ];
+    return [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->used_vertices) ];
 }
 
 sub extents {
     my $self = shift;
-    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->vertices);
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
 sub align_to_origin {
@@ -391,6 +410,6 @@ use Moo;
 
 has 'object'    => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
 has 'rotation'  => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 });  # around mesh center point
-has 'offset'    => (is => 'rw');
+has 'offset'    => (is => 'rw');  # must be Slic3r::Point object
 
 1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index ae29924843..84a208ea02 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use File::Spec;
 use List::Util qw(max first);
 use Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain qw(convex_hull);
 use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN PI scale unscale move_points nearest_point);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN MAX PI scale unscale move_points nearest_point);
 use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(diff_ex union_ex union_pt intersection_ex offset
     offset2 traverse_pt JT_ROUND JT_SQUARE PFT_EVENODD);
 use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday tv_interval);
@@ -116,8 +116,7 @@ sub add_model {
                 : $mesh;
         }
         
-        foreach my $mesh (@meshes) {
-            next unless $mesh;
+        foreach my $mesh (grep $_, @meshes) {
             $mesh->check_manifoldness;
             
             # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
@@ -127,12 +126,22 @@ sub add_model {
             $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
         
+        # align the object to origin; not sure this is required by the toolpath generation
+        # algorithms, but it's good practice to avoid negative coordinates; it probably 
+        # provides also some better performance in infill generation
+        my @extents = Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D([ map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, @meshes ]);
+        foreach my $mesh (grep $_, @meshes) {
+            $mesh->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+        }
+        
         # initialize print object
         push @{$self->objects}, Slic3r::Print::Object->new(
             print       => $self,
             meshes      => [ @meshes ],
-            copies      => [ map [ scale $_->offset->[X], scale $_->offset->[Y] ], @{$object->instances} ],
-            size        => [ map scale $_, @{ $object->size } ],
+            copies      => [
+                map [ (scale $_->offset->[X]) + $extents[X][MIN], (scale $_->offset->[Y]) + $extents[Y][MIN] ], @{$object->instances},
+            ],
+            size        => [ map $extents[$_][MAX] - $extents[$_][MIN], (X,Y,Z) ],
             input_file  => $object->input_file,
             layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
         );
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
index f6146d5405..3506d893e8 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
@@ -398,14 +398,19 @@ sub duplicate {
     $self->BUILD;
 }
 
+sub used_vertices {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return [ map $self->vertices->[$_], map @$_, @{$self->facets} ];
+}
+
 sub extents {
     my $self = shift;
-    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->vertices);
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
 sub size {
     my $self = shift;
-    return Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->vertices);
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
 sub slice_facet {

From 28a01e7c5e170aa50dcb01d420495d8ff9ddd5a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 16:58:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 33/78] Fix past participle

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 0213f6c455..0dbca23b0e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ sub split_object {
     my $model_object = $current_object->get_model_object;
     
     if (@{$model_object->volumes} > 1) {
-        Slic3r::GUI::warning_catcher($self)->("The selected object couldn't be splitted because it contains more than one volume/material.");
+        Slic3r::GUI::warning_catcher($self)->("The selected object couldn't be split because it contains more than one volume/material.");
         return;
     }
     
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ sub split_object {
     
     my @new_meshes = $mesh->split_mesh;
     if (@new_meshes == 1) {
-        Slic3r::GUI::warning_catcher($self)->("The selected object couldn't be splitted because it already contains a single part.");
+        Slic3r::GUI::warning_catcher($self)->("The selected object couldn't be split because it already contains a single part.");
         return;
     }
     

From 086ec4af9c4925c7bf5cac9f91b84fd46938ce11 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 19:32:53 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 34/78] Fixed yet one more regression in Quick Slice caused by
 recent Model refactoring. #1208

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 84a208ea02..642891419e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ sub add_model {
             
             # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
             # consider the first one
-            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $mesh->center);
+            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $mesh->center)
+                if @{ $object->instances // [] };
             
             $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
@@ -139,7 +140,9 @@ sub add_model {
             print       => $self,
             meshes      => [ @meshes ],
             copies      => [
-                map [ (scale $_->offset->[X]) + $extents[X][MIN], (scale $_->offset->[Y]) + $extents[Y][MIN] ], @{$object->instances},
+                $object->instances
+                    ? (map [ (scale $_->offset->[X]) + $extents[X][MIN], (scale $_->offset->[Y]) + $extents[Y][MIN] ], @{$object->instances})
+                    : [0,0],
             ],
             size        => [ map $extents[$_][MAX] - $extents[$_][MIN], (X,Y,Z) ],
             input_file  => $object->input_file,

From 8a01cb9e96f2c3552c466956b739d2cd5b46176a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 19:44:59 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 35/78] Generate a better error when input file is too thin and
 no layers could be generated. #1127

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 11339955a6..6e80673827 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -184,13 +184,13 @@ sub slice {
         
         $self->meshes->[$region_id] = undef;  # free memory
     }
-    die "Invalid input file\n" if !@{$self->layers};
     
     # free memory
     $self->meshes(undef);
     
     # remove last layer(s) if empty
-    pop @{$self->layers} while !map @{$_->lines}, @{$self->layers->[-1]->regions};
+    pop @{$self->layers} while @{$self->layers} && (!map @{$_->lines}, @{$self->layers->[-1]->regions});
+    die "Invalid or too thin input file: no layers could be generated\n" if !@{$self->layers};
     
     foreach my $layer (@{ $self->layers }) {
         # make sure all layers contain layer region objects for all regions

From 6bb2e593a7dadd2871ca100dd31c8eb072bab030 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 19:49:21 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 36/78] Avoid potential fatal error when processing models with
 empty layers. #1127

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
index d1716c4042..5d398f463d 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode/Layer.pm
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ sub process_layer {
             
             my @islands = ();
             if ($Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
-                push @islands, map +{ perimeters => [], fills => [] }, @{$layer->slices};
+                push @islands, { perimeters => [], fills => [] }
+                    for 1 .. (@{$layer->slices} || 1);  # make sure we have at least one island hash to avoid failure of the -1 subscript below
                 PERIMETER: foreach my $perimeter (@{$layerm->perimeters}) {
                     my $p = $perimeter->unpack;
                     for my $i (0 .. $#{$layer->slices}-1) {

From 895e0bbfcd22bb364bcadc062f86eb9d1ed18a49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 19:58:29 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 37/78] Include M82/M83 for Teacup too. #1206

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 642891419e..c3fbb7b340 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
     print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n";
     if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup)$/) {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->reset_e;
-        if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+        if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup|makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
             if ($Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances) {
                 print $fh "M83 ; use relative distances for extrusion\n";
             } else {

From 8c74d2f41eb12bf098245dfe2769b1ac73bada70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Jun 2013 20:03:22 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 38/78] New --autosave option for better toolchain integration.
 #837

---
 README.markdown              | 1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm            | 1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm | 9 ++++++---
 slic3r.pl                    | 3 +++
 4 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.markdown b/README.markdown
index 01c43d22da..0a4e2b95df 100644
--- a/README.markdown
+++ b/README.markdown
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ The author of the Silk icon set is Mark James.
       GUI options:
         --no-plater         Disable the plater tab
         --gui-mode          Overrides the configured mode (simple/expert)
+        --autosave <file>   Automatically export current configuration to the specified file
     
       Output options:
         --output-filename-format
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index b08ae251d6..fd46cc5ebb 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ use constant MI_DOCUMENTATION => &Wx::NewId;
 our $datadir;
 our $no_plater;
 our $mode;
+our $autosave;
 
 our $Settings = {
     _ => {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
index 6f30da477c..6c4842eabf 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/SkeinPanel.pm
@@ -49,9 +49,12 @@ sub new {
             $self->{tabpanel},
             on_value_change     => sub {
                 $self->{plater}->on_config_change(@_) if $self->{plater}; # propagate config change events to the plater
-                if ($self->{mode} eq 'simple' && $init) {  # don't save while loading for the first time
-                    # save config
-                    $self->config->save("$Slic3r::GUI::datadir/simple.ini");
+                if ($init) {  # don't save while loading for the first time
+                    if ($self->{mode} eq 'simple') {
+                        # save config
+                        $self->config->save("$Slic3r::GUI::datadir/simple.ini");
+                    }
+                    $self->config->save($Slic3r::GUI::autosave) if $Slic3r::GUI::autosave;
                 }
             },
             on_presets_changed  => sub {
diff --git a/slic3r.pl b/slic3r.pl
index 1d09441db3..e792548ef5 100755
--- a/slic3r.pl
+++ b/slic3r.pl
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ my %cli_options = ();
         
         'save=s'                => \$opt{save},
         'load=s@'               => \$opt{load},
+        'autosave=s'            => \$opt{autosave},
         'ignore-nonexistent-config' => \$opt{ignore_nonexistent_config},
         'no-plater'             => \$opt{no_plater},
         'gui-mode=s'            => \$opt{gui_mode},
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ if (!@ARGV && !$opt{save} && eval "require Slic3r::GUI; 1") {
         $Slic3r::GUI::datadir   = $opt{datadir};
         $Slic3r::GUI::no_plater = $opt{no_plater};
         $Slic3r::GUI::mode      = $opt{gui_mode};
+        $Slic3r::GUI::autosave  = $opt{autosave};
     }
     $gui = Slic3r::GUI->new;
     $gui->{skeinpanel}->load_config_file($_) for @{$opt{load}};
@@ -152,6 +154,7 @@ $j
   GUI options:
     --no-plater         Disable the plater tab
     --gui-mode          Overrides the configured mode (simple/expert)
+    --autosave <file>   Automatically export current configuration to the specified file
 
   Output options:
     --output-filename-format

From 7134df4638e6fee0ba1ae1f480c9d1c0574a0502 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 11:39:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 39/78] Only skip objects with no layers without stopping the
 whole job

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm        | 7 +++++++
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 4 ----
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index c3fbb7b340..0d5830614a 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -322,6 +322,13 @@ sub export_gcode {
     $status_cb->(10, "Processing triangulated mesh");
     $_->slice for @{$self->objects};
     
+    # remove empty layers and abort if there are no more
+    # as some algorithms assume all objects have at least one layer
+    # note: this will change object indexes
+    @{$self->objects} = grep @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects};
+    die "No layers were detected. You might want to repair your STL file(s) or check their size and retry.\n"
+        if !@{$self->objects};
+    
     if ($Slic3r::Config->resolution) {
         $status_cb->(15, "Simplifying input");
         $self->_simplify_slices(scale $Slic3r::Config->resolution);
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index 6e80673827..dc5428dc94 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ sub slice {
     
     # remove last layer(s) if empty
     pop @{$self->layers} while @{$self->layers} && (!map @{$_->lines}, @{$self->layers->[-1]->regions});
-    die "Invalid or too thin input file: no layers could be generated\n" if !@{$self->layers};
     
     foreach my $layer (@{ $self->layers }) {
         # make sure all layers contain layer region objects for all regions
@@ -277,9 +276,6 @@ sub slice {
             $self->layers->[$i]->id($i);
         }
     }
-    
-    warn "No layers were detected. You might want to repair your STL file and retry.\n"
-        if !@{$self->layers};
 }
 
 sub make_perimeters {

From 81bae56e928a075642d598059d9ab326804ef9b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 12:25:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 40/78] Limit only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters to travel
 moves that are completely enclosed in the upper layer's slices so that we
 avoid visible traces on top layers. #1091

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm | 6 ++++++
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 4519d933a9..da68552102 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ sub travel_to {
     $travel->translate(-$self->shift_x, -$self->shift_y);
     
     if ($travel->length < scale $self->extruder->retract_before_travel
-        || ($self->config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters && first { $_->encloses_line($travel, scaled_epsilon) } @{$self->layer->slices})
+        || ($self->config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters && first { $_->encloses_line($travel, scaled_epsilon) } @{$self->layer->upper_layer_slices})
         || ($role == EXTR_ROLE_SUPPORTMATERIAL && $self->layer->support_islands_enclose_line($travel))
         ) {
         $self->straight_once(0);
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ sub _plan {
     my $need_retract = !$self->config->only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters;
     if (!$need_retract) {
         $need_retract = 1;
-        foreach my $slice (@{$self->layer->slices}) {
+        foreach my $slice (@{$self->layer->upper_layer_slices}) {
             # discard the island if at any line is not enclosed in it
             next if first { !$slice->encloses_line($_, scaled_epsilon) } @travel;
             # okay, this island encloses the full travel path
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
index 074baef554..ac6d8d290a 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ sub support_material_contact_z {
     return $self->print_z - ($self->height - $self->support_material_contact_height) / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR;
 }
 
+sub upper_layer_slices {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my $upper_layer = $self->object->layers->[ $self->id + 1 ] or return [];
+    return $upper_layer->slices;
+
 sub region {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($region_id) = @_;

From 48d5d6de586c7c96ccc2046c84efadbffe552401 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 12:29:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 41/78] Typo

---
 lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
index ac6d8d290a..9803ce2b53 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer.pm
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ sub upper_layer_slices {
     
     my $upper_layer = $self->object->layers->[ $self->id + 1 ] or return [];
     return $upper_layer->slices;
+}
 
 sub region {
     my $self = shift;

From 71608e799ebebf0f9c1efd9174ac9466dda245dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 15:27:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 42/78] Keep per-extruder E absolute value for Makerbot flavour
 to avoid any G92 E0. #950

---
 lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm    | 12 ++++++------
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
index 526ac5048a..925c44fc4f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ has 'id'    => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has $_      => (is => 'ro', required => 1) for @{&OPTIONS};
 
 has 'bridge_flow'               => (is => 'lazy');
+has 'e'                         => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'retracted'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'restart_extra'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'e_per_mm3'                 => (is => 'lazy');
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index da68552102..409609d483 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ has 'layer_mp'           => (is => 'rw');
 has 'new_object'         => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0});
 has 'straight_once'      => (is => 'rw', default => sub {1});
 has 'extruder'           => (is => 'rw');
-has 'extrusion_distance' => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'elapsed_time'       => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );  # seconds
 has 'total_extrusion_length' => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
 has 'lifted'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub {0} );
@@ -418,7 +417,7 @@ sub retract {
     
     # reset extrusion distance during retracts
     # this makes sure we leave sufficient precision in the firmware
-    $gcode .= $self->reset_e if $self->config->gcode_flavor !~ /^(?:mach3|makerbot)$/;
+    $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -447,8 +446,9 @@ sub unretract {
 
 sub reset_e {
     my $self = shift;
+    return "" if $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:mach3|makerbot)$/;
     
-    $self->extrusion_distance(0);
+    $self->extruder->e(0) if $self->extruder;
     return sprintf "G92 %s0%s\n", $self->config->extrusion_axis, ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; reset extrusion distance' : '')
         if $self->config->extrusion_axis && !$self->config->use_relative_e_distances;
 }
@@ -545,10 +545,10 @@ sub _Gx {
     
     # output extrusion distance
     if ($e && $self->config->extrusion_axis) {
-        $self->extrusion_distance(0) if $self->config->use_relative_e_distances;
-        $self->extrusion_distance($self->extrusion_distance + $e);
+        $self->extruder->e(0) if $self->config->use_relative_e_distances;
+        $self->extruder->e($self->extruder->e + $e);
         $self->total_extrusion_length($self->total_extrusion_length + $e);
-        $gcode .= sprintf " %s%.5f", $self->config->extrusion_axis, $self->extrusion_distance;
+        $gcode .= sprintf " %s%.5f", $self->config->extrusion_axis, $self->extruder->e;
     }
     
     $gcode .= sprintf " ; %s", $comment if $comment && $self->config->gcode_comments;

From 974379c95558773e6f5ce3f79a5f4c77a28f962a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 15:37:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 43/78] Add M103 after retraction and M101 before restart when
 Makerbot G-code flavor is selected. #1119

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 409609d483..706ec8d44f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -419,6 +419,8 @@ sub retract {
     # this makes sure we leave sufficient precision in the firmware
     $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
     
+    $gcode .= "M103 ; extruder off\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot';
+    
     return $gcode;
 }
 
@@ -426,6 +428,7 @@ sub unretract {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $gcode = "";
+    $gcode .= "M101 ; extruder on\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot';
     
     if ($self->lifted) {
         $self->speed('travel');

From 167ec7a4e7a99efb10cef9d6834152d9f051a38c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 16:21:22 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 44/78] Use M135 for makerbot toolchange; also disable any G90
 and G21 command. #1034

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 16 +++++++---------
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm |  4 ++--
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 706ec8d44f..7f5ed876fe 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -588,18 +588,16 @@ sub set_extruder {
     
     # set the new extruder
     $self->extruder($extruder);
-    my $toolchange_gcode = sprintf "%s%d%s\n", 
-        ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M108 T' : 'T'),
+    $gcode .= sprintf "%s%d%s\n", 
+        ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot'
+            ? 'M135 T'
+            : $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'sailfish'
+                ? 'M108 T'
+                : 'T'),
         $extruder->id,
         ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; change extruder' : '');
     
-    if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
-        $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
-        $gcode .= $toolchange_gcode;
-    } else {
-        $gcode .= $toolchange_gcode;
-        $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
-    }
+    $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
     
     return $gcode;
 }
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 0d5830614a..47c2bbadbc 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
         multiple_extruders  => (@{$self->extruders} > 1),
         layer_count         => $self->layer_count,
     );
-    print $fh "G21 ; set units to millimeters\n";
+    print $fh "G21 ; set units to millimeters\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerbot';
     print $fh $gcodegen->set_fan(0, 1) if $Slic3r::Config->cooling && $Slic3r::Config->disable_fan_first_layers;
     
     # write start commands to file
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->set_temperature($self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature, 1, $t)
             if $self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature && $Slic3r::Config->start_gcode !~ /M(?:109|104)/i;
     }
-    print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n";
+    print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerbot';
     if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup)$/) {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->reset_e;
         if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup|makerbot|sailfish)$/) {

From c95245f143d22409ed617e3f2480b9a6d0a5a422 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 18:01:14 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 45/78] Some G-code flavor logic simplification

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 10 ++++------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 47c2bbadbc..87d83b2972 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -732,12 +732,10 @@ sub write_gcode {
     print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerbot';
     if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup)$/) {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->reset_e;
-        if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup|makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
-            if ($Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances) {
-                print $fh "M83 ; use relative distances for extrusion\n";
-            } else {
-                print $fh "M82 ; use absolute distances for extrusion\n";
-            }
+        if ($Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances) {
+            print $fh "M83 ; use relative distances for extrusion\n";
+        } else {
+            print $fh "M82 ; use absolute distances for extrusion\n";
         }
     }
     

From 09b81ad02792802bc6cc2a3396ae8cc817940bb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 21:27:09 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 46/78] Fix typo causing regression in island ordering. #1211

---
 lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
index 1e32aff94c..472c2da520 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ sub make_perimeters {
         )};
         
         my @loops = ();
-        foreach my $polynode (@$polynodes) {
+        foreach my $polynode (@nodes) {
             push @loops, $traverse->($polynode->{children}, $depth+1, $is_contour);
 
             my $role = EXTR_ROLE_PERIMETER;

From 3ffe98f0c39978057911d908b58c978b993551b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 21:40:13 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 47/78] Use actual Z to order objects in sequential printing
 rather than layer count, as layer heights might be different

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm        | 2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 87d83b2972..eb81df845f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
         
         # print objects from the smallest to the tallest to avoid collisions
         # when moving onto next object starting point
-        my @obj_idx = sort { $self->objects->[$a]->layer_count <=> $self->objects->[$b]->layer_count } 0..$#{$self->objects};
+        my @obj_idx = sort { $self->objects->[$a]->size->[Z] <=> $self->objects->[$b]->size->[Z] } 0..$#{$self->objects};
         
         my $finished_objects = 0;
         for my $obj_idx (@obj_idx) {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index dc5428dc94..bfc46ce620 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use Slic3r::Surface ':types';
 has 'print'             => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
 has 'input_file'        => (is => 'rw', required => 0);
 has 'meshes'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });  # by region_id
-has 'size'              => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
+has 'size'              => (is => 'rw', required => 1); # XYZ in scaled coordinates
 has 'copies'            => (is => 'rw', trigger => 1);  # in scaled coordinates
 has 'layers'            => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
 has 'layer_height_ranges' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]

From 230367b38353766f241863f5e2807f0a61bb8d58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 21:54:55 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 48/78] Order objects using a nearest neighbor search instead
 of relying on the order in plater. #1184

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index eb81df845f..c2b59a20c6 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ use File::Spec;
 use List::Util qw(max first);
 use Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain qw(convex_hull);
 use Slic3r::ExtrusionPath ':roles';
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN MAX PI scale unscale move_points nearest_point);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z X1 Y1 X2 Y2 MIN MAX PI scale unscale move_points
+    nearest_point chained_path);
 use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(diff_ex union_ex union_pt intersection_ex offset
     offset2 traverse_pt JT_ROUND JT_SQUARE PFT_EVENODD);
 use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday tv_interval);
@@ -823,18 +824,32 @@ sub write_gcode {
             }
         }
     } else {
+        # order objects using a nearest neighbor search
+        my @obj_idx = chained_path([ map $_->copies->[0], @{$self->objects} ]);
+        
+        # sort layers by Z
+        my %layers = ();  # print_z => [ layer, layer, layer ]  by obj_idx
+        foreach my $obj_idx (0 .. $#{$self->objects}) {
+            foreach my $layer (@{$self->objects->[$obj_idx]->layers}) {
+                $layers{ $layer->print_z } ||= [];
+                $layers{ $layer->print_z }[$obj_idx] = $layer;  # turn this into [$layer] when merging support layers
+            }
+        }
+        
         my $buffer = Slic3r::GCode::CoolingBuffer->new(
             config      => $Slic3r::Config,
             gcodegen    => $gcodegen,
         );
-        my @layers = sort { $a->print_z <=> $b->print_z } map @{$_->layers}, @{$self->objects};
-        foreach my $layer (@layers) {
-            print $fh $buffer->append(
-                $layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, $layer->object->copies),
-                $layer->object."",
-                $layer->id,
-                $layer->print_z,
-            );
+        foreach my $print_z (sort { $a <=> $b } keys %layers) {
+            foreach my $obj_idx (@obj_idx) {
+                next unless my $layer = $layers{$print_z}[$obj_idx];
+                print $fh $buffer->append(
+                    $layer_gcode->process_layer($layer, $layer->object->copies),
+                    $layer->object."",
+                    $layer->id,
+                    $layer->print_z,
+                );
+            }
         }
         print $fh $buffer->flush;
     }

From 8b3aa32a7e49994d3e27415fdf4a33975faac857 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 22:40:29 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 49/78] Update tooltip for
 only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters

---
 lib/Slic3r/Config.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
index 41b5fc4f78..22edd0ff63 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ our $Options = {
     },
     'only_retract_when_crossing_perimeters' => {
         label   => 'Only retract when crossing perimeters',
-        tooltip => 'Disables retraction when travelling between infill paths inside the same island.',
+        tooltip => 'Disables retraction when the travel path does not exceed the upper layer\'s perimeters (and thus any ooze will be probably invisible).',
         cli     => 'only-retract-when-crossing-perimeters!',
         type    => 'bool',
         default => 1,

From b3f1795cb4ad82fbf2168dd8faf6c00bd09d414e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2013 22:49:47 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 50/78] Reduce wipe feedrate a bit

---
 lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
index 925c44fc4f..91c6314cb2 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Extruder.pm
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ sub _build_retract_speed_mm_min {
 
 sub _build_scaled_wipe_distance {
     my $self = shift;
-    return scale $self->retract_length / $self->retract_speed * $Slic3r::Config->travel_speed;
+    # reduce feedrate a bit; travel speed is often too high to move on existing material
+    # too fast = ripping of existing material; too slow = short wipe path, thus more blob
+    return scale($self->retract_length / $self->retract_speed * $Slic3r::Config->travel_speed * 0.8);
 }
 
 sub make_flow {

From 532ae53d0b87d05d4114848ee1a7d3b419e1df9e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2013 16:58:30 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 51/78] Use G1 instead of G0 for restart after retraction to
 avoid blending with the previous travel move. #1212

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index 7f5ed876fe..b4a8d6b2f5 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -439,7 +439,8 @@ sub unretract {
     my $to_unretract = $self->extruder->retracted + $self->extruder->restart_extra;
     if ($to_unretract) {
         $self->speed('retract');
-        $gcode .= $self->G0(undef, undef, $to_unretract, "compensate retraction");
+        # use G1 instead of G0 because G0 will blend the restart with the previous travel move
+        $gcode .= $self->G1(undef, undef, $to_unretract, "compensate retraction");
         $self->extruder->retracted(0);
         $self->extruder->restart_extra(0);
     }

From 8c40cefe1ed8dbaecafc02282ba40326d9171dbc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2013 17:12:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 52/78] Also use G1 when traveling with
 avoid_crossing_perimeters enabled

---
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index b4a8d6b2f5..b7f855e83d 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -339,7 +339,8 @@ sub _plan {
     
     # append the actual path and return
     $self->speed('travel');
-    $gcode .= join '', map $self->G0($_->[B], undef, 0, $comment || ""), @travel;
+    # use G1 because we rely on paths being straight (G0 may make round paths)
+    $gcode .= join '', map $self->G1($_->[B], undef, 0, $comment || ""), @travel;
     return $gcode;
 }
 

From 43814e99f6c8bfc1a2d8cc0eae4a44d01a08b2af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 2013 10:46:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 53/78] Remove smart match and lexical $_ for compatibility
 with perl 5.18. #1216

---
 lib/Slic3r/Config.pm     | 4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm | 2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
index 22edd0ff63..8b9fb1ca44 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
@@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@ sub set {
     my ($opt_key, $value, $deserialize) = @_;
     
     # handle legacy options
-    return if $opt_key ~~ @Ignore;
+    return if first { $_ eq $opt_key } @Ignore;
     if ($opt_key =~ /^(extrusion_width|bottom_layer_speed|first_layer_height)_ratio$/) {
         $opt_key = $1;
         $opt_key =~ s/^bottom_layer_speed$/first_layer_speed/;
@@ -1413,7 +1413,7 @@ sub read_ini {
     
     my $ini = { _ => {} };
     my $category = '_';
-    while (my $_ = <$fh>) {
+    while (<$fh>) {
         s/\R+$//;
         next if /^\s+/;
         next if /^$/;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm
index c5cc085558..05a141db1d 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Format/OBJ.pm
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ sub read_file {
     Slic3r::open(\my $fh, '<', $file) or die "Failed to open $file\n";
     my $vertices = [];
     my $facets = [];
-    while (my $_ = <$fh>) {
+    while (<$fh>) {
         if (/^v ([^ ]+)\s+([^ ]+)\s+([^ ]+)/) {
             push @$vertices, [$1, $2, $3];
         } elsif (/^f (\d+).*? (\d+).*? (\d+).*?/) {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm
index 0d0331c856..cf07b1cad2 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Format/STL.pm
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ sub _read_ascii {
     my $facet;
     my %vertices_map = ();
     seek $fh, 0, 0;
-    while (my $_ = <$fh>) {
+    while (<$fh>) {
         if (!$facet) {
             /^\s*facet\s+normal\s+/ or next;
             $facet = [];  # ignore normal
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ sub _read_binary {
     my %vertices_map = ();
     binmode $fh;
     seek $fh, 80 + 4, 0;
-    while (read $fh, my $_, 4*4*3+2) {
+    while (read $fh, $_, 4*4*3+2) {
         push @$facets, my $facet = [];
         for (unpack 'x[f3](a[f3])3') {  # ignore normal
             my $vertex_idx;

From fcc442882c8a372ec6780ea068f9fa910857d80f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 6 Jun 2013 20:53:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 54/78] Fix plater defect causing misalignment

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 0dbca23b0e..286a524e2e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -717,6 +717,7 @@ sub make_model {
             $model->set_material($volume->material_id || 0, {});
         }
         $new_model_object->scale($plater_object->scale);
+        $new_model_object->align_to_origin;
         $new_model_object->add_instance(
             rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,  # around center point
             offset      => Slic3r::Point->new($_),

From f991e3bc106ec1402bd68c7ad555ff2f65dffbe1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 2013 12:00:03 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 55/78] Fixed SVG export and added regression test

---
 MANIFEST            |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 14 ++++++++------
 t/svg.t             | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 t/svg.t

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index c319935b98..36389aef1f 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ t/shells.t
 t/slice.t
 t/skirt_brim.t
 t/support.t
+t/svg.t
 t/vibrationlimit.t
 utils/amf-to-stl.pl
 utils/file_info.pl
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index c2b59a20c6..d177743189 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -488,13 +488,15 @@ sub export_svg {
     $self->init_extruders;
     
     $_->slice for @{$self->objects};
-    $self->arrange_objects;
     
-    my $output_file = $self->expanded_output_filepath($params{output_file});
-    $output_file =~ s/\.gcode$/.svg/i;
+    my $fh = $params{output_fh};
+    if ($params{output_file}) {
+        my $output_file = $self->expanded_output_filepath($params{output_file});
+        $output_file =~ s/\.gcode$/.svg/i;
+        Slic3r::open(\$fh, ">", $output_file) or die "Failed to open $output_file for writing\n";
+        print "Exporting to $output_file..." unless $params{quiet};
+    }
     
-    Slic3r::open(\my $fh, ">", $output_file) or die "Failed to open $output_file for writing\n";
-    print "Exporting to $output_file...";
     my $print_size = $self->size;
     print $fh sprintf <<"EOF", unscale($print_size->[X]), unscale($print_size->[Y]);
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
@@ -563,7 +565,7 @@ EOF
     
     print $fh "</svg>\n";
     close $fh;
-    print "Done.\n";
+    print "Done.\n" unless $params{quiet};
 }
 
 sub make_skirt {
diff --git a/t/svg.t b/t/svg.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e2a8dcb19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/svg.t
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use Test::More tests => 1;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use Slic3r;
+use Slic3r::Test;
+
+{
+    my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print('20mm_cube');
+    eval {
+        my $fh = IO::Scalar->new(\my $gcode);
+        $print->export_svg(output_fh => $fh, quiet => 1);
+        $fh->close;
+    };
+    ok !$@, 'successful SVG export';
+}
+
+__END__

From 7a8e1e778a1871bd031aa27e5328ca727d5254c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 2013 13:38:29 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 56/78] New test to ensure brim and raft are extruded with the
 support material extruder. #123

---
 t/support.t | 18 +++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/t/support.t b/t/support.t
index 1e9a24a6e3..bee1987f1b 100644
--- a/t/support.t
+++ b/t/support.t
@@ -14,8 +14,24 @@ use Slic3r::Test;
     my $config = Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
     $config->set('raft_layers', 3);
     $config->set('brim_width',  6);
+    $config->set('skirts', 0);
+    $config->set('support_material_extruder', 2);
+    $config->set('layer_height', 0.4);
+    $config->set('first_layer_height', '100%');
     my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print('20mm_cube', config => $config);
-    ok Slic3r::Test::gcode($print), 'no conflict between raft/support and brim';
+    ok my $gcode = Slic3r::Test::gcode($print), 'no conflict between raft/support and brim';
+    
+    my $tool = 0;
+    Slic3r::GCode::Reader->new(gcode => $gcode)->parse(sub {
+        my ($self, $cmd, $args, $info) = @_;
+        
+        if ($cmd =~ /^T(\d+)/) {
+            $tool = $1;
+        } elsif ($info->{extruding} && $self->Z <= ($config->raft_layers * $config->layer_height)) {
+            fail 'not extruding raft/brim with support material extruder'
+                if $tool != ($config->support_material_extruder-1);
+        }
+    });
 }
 
 __END__

From 9ea55497c255930b92984e1457ea9e1caa8f3a65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 2013 13:54:40 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 57/78] Prevent crash when user deleted object from plater
 before thumbnail was generated in the other thread. #1207

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm        | 1 +
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
index fd46cc5ebb..00e56f4faa 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ sub warning_catcher {
     my ($self, $message_dialog) = @_;
     return sub {
         my $message = shift;
+        return if $message =~ /GLUquadricObjPtr|Attempt to free unreferenced scalar/;
         my @params = ($message, 'Warning', wxOK | wxICON_WARNING);
         $message_dialog
             ? $message_dialog->(@params)
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 286a524e2e..dc17bdcf89 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ sub new {
     EVT_COMMAND($self, -1, $THUMBNAIL_DONE_EVENT, sub {
         my ($self, $event) = @_;
         my ($obj_idx, $thumbnail) = @{$event->GetData};
+        return if !$self->{objects}[$obj_idx];  # object was deleted before thumbnail generation completed
         $self->{objects}[$obj_idx]->thumbnail($thumbnail->clone);
         $self->on_thumbnail_made($obj_idx);
     });

From 510c2092dff31a17201e4de20d160a0b643a8e32 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 2013 23:16:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 58/78] Fix rotation and scaling in plater producing
 mispositioned objects in G-code after recent changes. Includes a large
 refactoring and the new Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox class. #1171 #1191

---
 MANIFEST                              |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r.pm                         |  2 +
 lib/Slic3r/ExPolygon.pm               | 14 +++++
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm              | 74 ++++++++++++++-----------
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm |  2 +-
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm    | 78 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 lib/Slic3r/Point.pm                   |  7 +++
 lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm            |  5 ++
 8 files changed, 151 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 36389aef1f..b2fe05edab 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ lib/Slic3r/GCode/MotionPlanner.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/Reader.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GCode/SpiralVase.pm
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry.pm
+lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/Clipper.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI.pm
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/AboutDialog.pm
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 1338ce0669..67314e2170 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ use Slic3r::GCode::MotionPlanner;
 use Slic3r::GCode::Reader;
 use Slic3r::GCode::SpiralVase;
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(PI);
+use Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox;
+use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper;
 use Slic3r::Layer;
 use Slic3r::Layer::Region;
 use Slic3r::Line;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/ExPolygon.pm b/lib/Slic3r/ExPolygon.pm
index 45b59acec8..5190357f36 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/ExPolygon.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/ExPolygon.pm
@@ -335,11 +335,25 @@ sub align_to_origin {
     
     my @bb = Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box([ map @$_, map @$_, @{$self->expolygons} ]);
     $_->translate(-$bb[X1], -$bb[Y1]) for @{$self->expolygons};
+    $self;
+}
+
+sub scale {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $_->scale(@_) for @{$self->expolygons};
+    $self;
 }
 
 sub rotate {
     my $self = shift;
     $_->rotate(@_) for @{$self->expolygons};
+    $self;
+}
+
+sub translate {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $_->translate(@_) for @{$self->expolygons};
+    $self;
 }
 
 sub size {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index dc17bdcf89..7b5dde5bb6 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ sub arrange {
     my $total_parts = sum(map $_->instances_count, @{$self->{objects}}) or return;
     my @size = ();
     for my $a (X,Y) {
-        $size[$a] = max(map $_->size->[$a], @{$self->{objects}});
+        $size[$a] = max(map $_->transformed_size->[$a], @{$self->{objects}});
     }
     
     eval {
@@ -769,10 +769,9 @@ sub recenter {
     my @print_bb = Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box([
         map {
             my $obj = $_;
-            map {
-                my $instance = $_;
-                $instance, [ map $instance->[$_] + $obj->size->[$_], X,Y ];
-            } @{$obj->instances};
+            my $bb = $obj->transformed_bounding_box;
+            my @points = ($bb->min_point, $bb->max_point);
+            map Slic3r::Geometry::move_points($_, @points), @{$obj->instances};
         } @{$self->{objects}},
     ]);
     $self->{shift} = [
@@ -867,9 +866,12 @@ sub repaint {
         next unless $object->thumbnail && @{$object->thumbnail->expolygons};
         for my $instance_idx (0 .. $#{$object->instances}) {
             my $instance = $object->instances->[$instance_idx];
-            push @{$parent->{object_previews}}, [ $obj_idx, $instance_idx, $object->thumbnail->clone ];
-            $_->translate(map $parent->to_pixel($instance->[$_]) + $parent->{shift}[$_], (X,Y))
-            	for @{$parent->{object_previews}->[-1][2]->expolygons};
+            
+            my $thumbnail = $object->thumbnail
+                ->clone
+                ->translate(map $parent->to_pixel($instance->[$_]) + $parent->{shift}[$_], (X,Y));
+            
+            push @{$parent->{object_previews}}, [ $obj_idx, $instance_idx, $thumbnail ];
             
             my $drag_object = $self->{drag_object};
             if (defined $drag_object && $obj_idx == $drag_object->[0] && $instance_idx == $drag_object->[1]) {
@@ -1065,15 +1067,15 @@ package Slic3r::GUI::Plater::Object;
 use Moo;
 
 use Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain qw(convex_hull);
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX deg2rad);
 
 has 'name'                  => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'input_file'            => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'input_file_object_id'  => (is => 'rw');  # undef means keep model object
 has 'model_object'          => (is => 'rw', required => 1, trigger => 1);
-has 'size'                  => (is => 'rw');
+has 'bounding_box'          => (is => 'rw');  # 3D bb of original object (aligned to origin) with no rotation or scaling
 has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 });
-has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 });
+has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }); # around object center point
 has 'instances'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # upward Y axis
 has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw');
 has 'thumbnail_scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw');
@@ -1088,8 +1090,9 @@ has 'is_manifold'           => (is => 'rw');
 sub _trigger_model_object {
     my $self = shift;
     if ($self->model_object) {
+        $self->model_object->align_to_origin;
     	my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
-	    $self->size([$mesh->size]);
+	    $self->bounding_box($mesh->bounding_box);
 	    $self->facets(scalar @{$mesh->facets});
 	    $self->vertices(scalar @{$mesh->vertices});
 	    $self->materials($self->model_object->materials_count);
@@ -1131,22 +1134,22 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
+    $mesh->align_to_origin;
     my $thumbnail = Slic3r::ExPolygon::Collection->new(
     	expolygons => (@{$mesh->facets} <= 5000)
     		? $mesh->horizontal_projection
     		: [ Slic3r::ExPolygon->new(convex_hull($mesh->vertices)) ],
     );
-    for (map @$_, map @$_, @{$thumbnail->expolygons}) {
-        @$_ = map $_ * $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor, @$_;
-    }
+    $thumbnail->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
+    
     # only simplify expolygons larger than the threshold
-    @{$thumbnail->expolygons} = map { ($_->area >= 1) ? $_->simplify(0.5) : $_ } @{$thumbnail->expolygons};
-    foreach my $expolygon (@{$thumbnail->expolygons}) {
-    	$expolygon->rotate(Slic3r::Geometry::deg2rad($self->rotate));
-    	$expolygon->scale($self->scale);
-    }
-    @{$thumbnail->expolygons} = grep @$_, @{$thumbnail->expolygons};
-    $thumbnail->align_to_origin;
+    @{$thumbnail->expolygons} = grep @$_,
+        map { ($_->area >= 1) ? $_->simplify(0.5) : $_ }
+        @{$thumbnail->expolygons};
+    
+    $thumbnail->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate));  # TODO: around center
+    $thumbnail->scale($self->scale);
+    
     $self->thumbnail($thumbnail);  # ignored in multi-threaded environments
     $self->free_model_object;
     
@@ -1158,10 +1161,8 @@ sub set_rotation {
     my ($angle) = @_;
     
     if ($self->thumbnail) {
-        $self->thumbnail->rotate(Slic3r::Geometry::deg2rad($angle - $self->rotate));
-        $self->thumbnail->align_to_origin;
-        my $z_size = $self->size->[Z];
-        $self->size([ (map $_ / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor, @{$self->thumbnail->size}), $z_size ]);
+        # rotate around object centerpoint
+        $self->thumbnail->rotate(deg2rad($angle - $self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D->clone->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor));
     }
     $self->rotate($angle);
 }
@@ -1170,14 +1171,25 @@ sub set_scale {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($scale) = @_;
     
-    my $factor = $scale / $self->scale;
-    return if $factor == 1;
-    $self->size->[$_] *= $factor for X,Y,Z;
     if ($self->thumbnail) {
-	    $_->scale($factor) for @{$self->thumbnail->expolygons};
-		$self->thumbnail->align_to_origin;
+	    $self->thumbnail->scale($scale / $self->scale);
     }
     $self->scale($scale);
 }
 
+# bounding box with applied rotation and scaling
+sub transformed_bounding_box {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    return $self->bounding_box
+        ->clone
+        ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center)
+        ->scale($self->scale);
+}
+
+sub transformed_size {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return $self->transformed_bounding_box->size;
+}
+
 1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
index 3cb725e649..4fc8388412 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater/ObjectDialog.pm
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ sub get_properties {
 	my $object = $self->{object};
 	return [
 		['Name'			=> $object->name],
-		['Size'			=> sprintf "%.2f x %.2f x %.2f", @{$object->size}],
+		['Size'			=> sprintf "%.2f x %.2f x %.2f", @{$object->transformed_size}],
 		['Facets'		=> $object->facets],
 		['Vertices'		=> $object->vertices],
 		['Materials' 	=> $object->materials],
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbcec824c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox;
+use Moo;
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX X1 Y1 X2 Y2);
+use Storable qw();
+
+has 'extents' => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
+
+sub clone { Storable::dclone($_[0]) }
+
+# four-arguments 2D bb
+sub bb {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $extents = $self->extents;
+    return [ $extents->[X][MIN], $extents->[Y][MIN], $extents->[X][MAX], $extents->[Y][MAX] ];
+}
+
+sub polygon {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Polygon->new_from_bounding_box($self->bb);
+}
+
+sub rotate {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($angle, $center) = @_;
+    
+    # rotate the 2D bounding box polygon and leave Z unaltered
+    my $bb_p = $self->polygon;
+    $bb_p->rotate($angle, $center);
+    my @bb = $bb_p->bounding_box;
+    $self->extents->[X][MIN] = $bb[X1];
+    $self->extents->[Y][MIN] = $bb[Y1];
+    $self->extents->[X][MAX] = $bb[X2];
+    $self->extents->[Y][MAX] = $bb[Y2];
+    
+    $self;
+}
+
+sub scale {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($factor) = @_;
+    
+    $_ *= $factor
+        for map @$_[MIN,MAX],
+            grep $_, @{$self->extents}[X,Y,Z];
+    
+    $self;
+}
+
+sub size {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my $extents = $self->extents;
+    return [ map $extents->[$_][MAX] - $extents->[$_][MIN], grep $extents->[$_], (X,Y,Z) ];
+}
+
+sub center {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my $extents = $self->extents;
+    return [ map +($extents->[$_][MAX] + $extents->[$_][MIN])/2, grep $extents->[$_], (X,Y,Z) ];
+}
+
+sub center_2D {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Point->new(@{$self->center}[X,Y]);
+}
+
+sub min_point {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Point->new($self->extents->[X][MIN], $self->extents->[Y][MIN]);
+}
+
+sub max_point {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Point->new($self->extents->[X][MAX], $self->extents->[Y][MAX]);
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Point.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Point.pm
index 26e79045af..b820a1e83f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Point.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Point.pm
@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@ sub distance_to {
     return Slic3r::Geometry::distance_between_points($self, $point);
 }
 
+sub scale {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($factor) = @_;
+    $_ *= $factor for @$self;
+    $self;
+}
+
 sub rotate {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($angle, $center) = @_;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
index 3506d893e8..a58f3c0e60 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/TriangleMesh.pm
@@ -408,6 +408,11 @@ sub extents {
     return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
+sub bounding_box {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new(extents => [ $self->extents ]);
+}
+
 sub size {
     my $self = shift;
     return Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D($self->used_vertices);

From b12a09ed71b5264e5e0123ff0e38b12df07a7657 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 7 Jun 2013 23:24:53 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 59/78] Rename makerbot G-code flavor to makerware; also
 mention Repetier among RepRap firmwares. #1034

---
 README.markdown             |  4 ++--
 lib/Slic3r/Config.pm        | 11 +++++++++--
 lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm         | 20 ++++++++++----------
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm         |  4 ++--
 slic3r.pl                   |  2 +-
 utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.markdown b/README.markdown
index 0a4e2b95df..4fe41b8790 100644
--- a/README.markdown
+++ b/README.markdown
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ A: Yes.
 ## What's it?
 
 Slic3r is a G-code generator for 3D printers. It's compatible with RepRaps,
-Makerbots, Ultimakers and many more machines.
+makerwares, Ultimakers and many more machines.
 
 See the [project homepage](http://slic3r.org/) at slic3r.org and the
 [documentation](https://github.com/alexrj/Slic3r/wiki/Documentation) on the Slic3r wiki for more information.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ The author of the Silk icon set is Mark James.
                             (default: 100,100)
         --z-offset          Additional height in mm to add to vertical coordinates
                             (+/-, default: 0)
-        --gcode-flavor      The type of G-code to generate (reprap/teacup/makerbot/sailfish/mach3/no-extrusion,
+        --gcode-flavor      The type of G-code to generate (reprap/teacup/makerware/sailfish/mach3/no-extrusion,
                             default: reprap)
         --use-relative-e-distances Enable this to get relative E values
         --gcode-arcs        Use G2/G3 commands for native arcs (experimental, not supported
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
index 22edd0ff63..d83cc4c5f7 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Config.pm
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ our $Options = {
         tooltip => 'Some G/M-code commands, including temperature control and others, are not universal. Set this option to your printer\'s firmware to get a compatible output. The "No extrusion" flavor prevents Slic3r from exporting any extrusion value at all.',
         cli     => 'gcode-flavor=s',
         type    => 'select',
-        values  => [qw(reprap teacup makerbot sailfish mach3 no-extrusion)],
-        labels  => ['RepRap (Marlin/Sprinter)', 'Teacup', 'MakerBot', 'Sailfish', 'Mach3/EMC', 'No extrusion'],
+        values  => [qw(reprap teacup makerware sailfish mach3 no-extrusion)],
+        labels  => ['RepRap (Marlin/Sprinter/Repetier)', 'Teacup', 'MakerWare (MakerBot)', 'Sailfish (MakerBot)', 'Mach3/EMC', 'No extrusion'],
         default => 'reprap',
     },
     'use_relative_e_distances' => {
@@ -1150,6 +1150,9 @@ sub set {
     if ($opt_key eq 'threads' && !$Slic3r::have_threads) {
         $value = 1;
     }
+    if ($opt_key eq 'gcode_flavor' && $value eq 'makerbot') {
+        $value = 'makerware';
+    }
     
     # For historical reasons, the world's full of configs having these very low values;
     # to avoid unexpected behavior we need to ignore them.  Banning these two hard-coded
@@ -1271,6 +1274,10 @@ sub validate {
     die "Invalid value for --top-solid-layers\n"    if $self->top_solid_layers      < 0;
     die "Invalid value for --bottom-solid-layers\n" if $self->bottom_solid_layers   < 0;
     
+    # --gcode-flavor
+    die "Invalid value for --gcode-flavor\n"
+        if !first { $_ eq $self->gcode_flavor } @{$Options->{gcode_flavor}{values}};
+    
     # --print-center
     die "Invalid value for --print-center\n"
         if !ref $self->print_center 
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
index b7f855e83d..3b05deb960 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GCode.pm
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ sub change_layer {
     }
     
     my $gcode = "";
-    if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+    if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/) {
         $gcode .= sprintf "M73 P%s%s\n",
             int(99 * ($layer->id / ($self->layer_count - 1))),
             ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; update progress' : '');
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ sub retract {
     # this makes sure we leave sufficient precision in the firmware
     $gcode .= $self->reset_e;
     
-    $gcode .= "M103 ; extruder off\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot';
+    $gcode .= "M103 ; extruder off\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerware';
     
     return $gcode;
 }
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ sub unretract {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $gcode = "";
-    $gcode .= "M101 ; extruder on\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot';
+    $gcode .= "M101 ; extruder on\n" if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerware';
     
     if ($self->lifted) {
         $self->speed('travel');
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ sub unretract {
 
 sub reset_e {
     my $self = shift;
-    return "" if $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:mach3|makerbot)$/;
+    return "" if $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:mach3|makerware)$/;
     
     $self->extruder->e(0) if $self->extruder;
     return sprintf "G92 %s0%s\n", $self->config->extrusion_axis, ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; reset extrusion distance' : '')
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ sub set_extruder {
     # set the new extruder
     $self->extruder($extruder);
     $gcode .= sprintf "%s%d%s\n", 
-        ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerbot'
+        ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'makerware'
             ? 'M135 T'
             : $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'sailfish'
                 ? 'M108 T'
@@ -613,12 +613,12 @@ sub set_fan {
         if ($speed == 0) {
             my $code = $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup'
                 ? 'M106 S0'
-                : $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/
+                : $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/
                     ? 'M127'
                     : 'M107';
             return sprintf "$code%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; disable fan' : '');
         } else {
-            if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/) {
+            if ($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/) {
                 return sprintf "M126%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_comments ? ' ; enable fan' : '');
             } else {
                 return sprintf "M106 %s%d%s\n", ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'),
@@ -633,14 +633,14 @@ sub set_temperature {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($temperature, $wait, $tool) = @_;
     
-    return "" if $wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/;
+    return "" if $wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/;
     
     my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
         ? ('M109', 'wait for temperature to be reached')
         : ('M104', 'set temperature');
     my $gcode = sprintf "$code %s%d %s; $comment\n",
         ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature,
-        (defined $tool && ($self->multiple_extruders || $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/)) ? "T$tool " : "";
+        (defined $tool && ($self->multiple_extruders || $self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/)) ? "T$tool " : "";
     
     $gcode .= "M116 ; wait for temperature to be reached\n"
         if $self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'teacup' && $wait;
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ sub set_bed_temperature {
     my ($temperature, $wait) = @_;
     
     my ($code, $comment) = ($wait && $self->config->gcode_flavor ne 'teacup')
-        ? (($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerbot|sailfish)$/ ? 'M109' : 'M190'), 'wait for bed temperature to be reached')
+        ? (($self->config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:makerware|sailfish)$/ ? 'M109' : 'M190'), 'wait for bed temperature to be reached')
         : ('M140', 'set bed temperature');
     my $gcode = sprintf "$code %s%d ; $comment\n",
         ($self->config->gcode_flavor eq 'mach3' ? 'P' : 'S'), $temperature;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index d177743189..6464ba90eb 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
         multiple_extruders  => (@{$self->extruders} > 1),
         layer_count         => $self->layer_count,
     );
-    print $fh "G21 ; set units to millimeters\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerbot';
+    print $fh "G21 ; set units to millimeters\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerware';
     print $fh $gcodegen->set_fan(0, 1) if $Slic3r::Config->cooling && $Slic3r::Config->disable_fan_first_layers;
     
     # write start commands to file
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ sub write_gcode {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->set_temperature($self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature, 1, $t)
             if $self->extruders->[$t]->first_layer_temperature && $Slic3r::Config->start_gcode !~ /M(?:109|104)/i;
     }
-    print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerbot';
+    print  $fh "G90 ; use absolute coordinates\n" if $Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor ne 'makerware';
     if ($Slic3r::Config->gcode_flavor =~ /^(?:reprap|teacup)$/) {
         printf $fh $gcodegen->reset_e;
         if ($Slic3r::Config->use_relative_e_distances) {
diff --git a/slic3r.pl b/slic3r.pl
index e792548ef5..0b05cd0436 100755
--- a/slic3r.pl
+++ b/slic3r.pl
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ $j
                         (default: $config->{print_center}->[0],$config->{print_center}->[1])
     --z-offset          Additional height in mm to add to vertical coordinates
                         (+/-, default: $config->{z_offset})
-    --gcode-flavor      The type of G-code to generate (reprap/teacup/makerbot/sailfish/mach3/no-extrusion,
+    --gcode-flavor      The type of G-code to generate (reprap/teacup/makerware/sailfish/mach3/no-extrusion,
                         default: $config->{gcode_flavor})
     --use-relative-e-distances Enable this to get relative E values
     --gcode-arcs        Use G2/G3 commands for native arcs (experimental, not supported
diff --git a/utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r b/utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r
index 41b2594bd8..10a0ce05b0 100644
--- a/utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r
+++ b/utils/zsh/functions/_slic3r
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ _arguments -S \
     '*--nozzle-diameter[specify nozzle diameter]:nozzle diameter in mm' \
     '--print-center[specify print center coordinates]:print center coordinates in mm,mm' \
     '--z-offset[specify Z-axis offset]:Z-axis offset in mm' \
-    '--gcode-flavor[specify the type of G-code to generate]:G-code flavor:(reprap teacup makerbot sailfish mach3 no-extrusion)' \
+    '--gcode-flavor[specify the type of G-code to generate]:G-code flavor:(reprap teacup makerware sailfish mach3 no-extrusion)' \
     '(--use-relative-e-distances --no-use-relative-e-distances)'--{no-,}use-relative-e-distances'[disable/enable relative E values]' \
     '--extrusion-axis[specify letter associated with the extrusion axis]:extrusion axis letter' \
     '(--gcode-arcs --no-gcode-arcs)'--{no-,}gcode-arcs'[disable/enable G2/G3 commands for native arcs]' \

From d5a9320587ebc77f813aee0be4901c611d2adb70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Jun 2013 17:48:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 60/78] Bugfix: narrow top surfaces didn't generate solid
 layers. #1161

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index bfc46ce620..9f9f435393 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -383,7 +383,6 @@ sub detect_surfaces_type {
             1,
         );
         return map Slic3r::Surface->new(expolygon => $_, surface_type => $result_type),
-            grep $_->is_printable($layerm->perimeter_flow->scaled_width),
             @$expolygons;
     };
     

From 8b2c13cc6f225915bf6df837859b0685979f9e62 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Jun 2013 20:01:26 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 61/78] Regression test for top solid surfaces in V-shaped
 object. #1161

---
 lib/Slic3r/Test.pm |  7 +++++++
 t/shells.t         | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
index 46443cc6af..1a0f0e2d44 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
@@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ sub model {
         $facets = [
             [0,1,2], [0,2,3], [4,5,6], [4,6,7], [0,4,7], [0,7,1], [1,7,6], [1,6,2], [2,6,5], [2,5,3], [4,0,3], [4,3,5],
         ],
+    } elsif ($model_name eq 'V') {
+        $vertices = [
+            [-14,0,20],[-14,15,20],[0,0,0],[0,15,0],[-4,0,20],[-4,15,20],[5,0,7.14286],[10,0,0],[24,0,20],[14,0,20],[10,15,0],[5,15,7.14286],[14,15,20],[24,15,20]
+        ];
+        $facets = [
+            [0,1,2],[2,1,3],[1,0,4],[5,1,4],[4,0,2],[6,4,2],[7,6,2],[8,9,7],[9,6,7],[2,3,7],[7,3,10],[1,5,3],[3,5,11],[11,12,13],[11,13,3],[3,13,10],[5,4,6],[11,5,6],[6,9,11],[11,9,12],[12,9,8],[13,12,8],[8,7,10],[13,8,10]
+        ],
     }
     
     my $model = Slic3r::Model->new;
diff --git a/t/shells.t b/t/shells.t
index 7977f491e9..56a3ca5950 100644
--- a/t/shells.t
+++ b/t/shells.t
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use Test::More tests => 2;
+use Test::More tests => 3;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 
@@ -45,4 +45,27 @@ use Slic3r::Test;
     ok $test->(), "proper number of shells is applied even when fill density is none";
 }
 
+# issue #1161
+{
+    my $config = Slic3r::Config->new_from_defaults;
+    $config->set('layer_height', 0.3);
+    $config->set('first_layer_height', '100%');
+    $config->set('bottom_solid_layers', 0);
+    $config->set('top_solid_layers', 3);
+    $config->set('cooling', 0);
+    $config->set('solid_infill_speed', 99);
+    $config->set('top_solid_infill_speed', 99);
+    
+    my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print('V', config => $config);
+    my %layers_with_solid_infill = ();  # Z => 1
+    Slic3r::GCode::Reader->new(gcode => Slic3r::Test::gcode($print))->parse(sub {
+        my ($self, $cmd, $args, $info) = @_;
+        
+        $layers_with_solid_infill{$self->Z} = 1
+            if $info->{extruding} && ($args->{F} // $self->F) == $config->solid_infill_speed*60;
+    });
+    is scalar(map $layers_with_solid_infill{$_}, grep $_ <= 7.2, keys %layers_with_solid_infill), 3,
+        "correct number of top solid shells is generated in V-shaped object";
+}
+
 __END__

From 6ae766600657cac98bf3b129fefd28ea33c8cda1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 8 Jun 2013 20:02:21 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 62/78] New utility script to dump STL contents in Perl syntax
 for writing tests

---
 utils/dump-stl.pl | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 utils/dump-stl.pl

diff --git a/utils/dump-stl.pl b/utils/dump-stl.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5c716b839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/dump-stl.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+# This script dumps a STL file into Perl syntax for writing tests
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use Slic3r;
+$|++;
+
+$ARGV[0] or usage(1);
+
+{
+    my $model = Slic3r::Format::STL->read_file($ARGV[0]);
+    my $mesh = $model->mesh;
+    printf "VERTICES = %s\n", join ',', map "[$_->[0],$_->[1],$_->[2]]", @{$mesh->vertices};
+    printf "FACETS = %s\n", join ',', map "[$_->[0],$_->[1],$_->[2]]", @{$mesh->facets};
+}
+
+
+sub usage {
+    my ($exit_code) = @_;
+    
+    print <<"EOF";
+Usage: dump-stl.pl file.stl
+EOF
+    exit ($exit_code || 0);
+}
+
+__END__

From 8e0e03247d72da806c919db6f1b1505c528f793e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Mon, 10 Jun 2013 15:34:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 63/78] Bugfix: ineffective scale() method in recently created
 BoundingBox objects caused wrong positioning for scaled objects in plater.
 Includes regression test. #1171

---
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++++---
 t/geometry.t                       | 12 ++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
index cbcec824c1..3cd019f0cb 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
@@ -7,6 +7,26 @@ has 'extents' => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
 
 sub clone { Storable::dclone($_[0]) }
 
+# 2D
+sub new_from_points {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my ($points) = @_;
+    
+    my $bb = [ Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box($points) ];
+    return $class->new(extents => [
+        [ $bb->[X1], $bb->[X2] ],
+        [ $bb->[Y1], $bb->[Y2] ],
+    ]);
+}
+
+# 3D
+sub new_from_points_3D {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my ($points) = @_;
+    
+    return $class->new(extents => [ Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($points) ]);
+}
+
 # four-arguments 2D bb
 sub bb {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -39,9 +59,9 @@ sub scale {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($factor) = @_;
     
-    $_ *= $factor
-        for map @$_[MIN,MAX],
-            grep $_, @{$self->extents}[X,Y,Z];
+    for (@{$self->extents}) {
+        $_ *= $factor for @$_[MIN,MAX];
+    }
     
     $self;
 }
diff --git a/t/geometry.t b/t/geometry.t
index c0e1f753ba..edbe7262a3 100644
--- a/t/geometry.t
+++ b/t/geometry.t
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use Test::More;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 
-plan tests => 23;
+plan tests => 24;
 
 BEGIN {
     use FindBin;
@@ -173,4 +173,12 @@ is Slic3r::Geometry::can_connect_points(@$points, $polygons), 0, 'can_connect_po
     is_deeply $result, [ [10, 0], [5, 5], [0, 0], [10, 0] ], 'split_at_index';
 }
 
-#==========================================================
\ No newline at end of file
+#==========================================================
+
+{
+    my $bb = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points([ [0, 1], [10, 2], [20, 2] ]);
+    $bb->scale(2);
+    is_deeply $bb->extents, [ [0,40], [2,4] ], 'bounding box is scaled correctly';
+}
+
+#==========================================================

From aee7b70d79fdc6bad638c282aab010517db42872 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Wed, 12 Jun 2013 16:53:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 64/78] Bugfix: the order of transformations was not consistent
 in plater and actual G-code generation. #1171 #1191

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm      |  3 ++
 2 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 7b5dde5bb6..460f10edb3 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ sub load_file {
 		$object->check_manifoldness;
         
         # we only consider the rotation of the first instance for now
-        $object->set_rotation($model->objects->[$i]->instances->[0]->rotation)
+        $object->rotate($model->objects->[$i]->instances->[0]->rotation)
             if $model->objects->[$i]->instances;
         
         push @{ $self->{objects} }, $object;
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ sub rotate {
         return if !$angle || $angle == -1;
     }
     
-    $object->set_rotation($object->rotate + $angle);
+    $object->rotate($object->rotate + $angle);
     $self->recenter;
     $self->{canvas}->Refresh;
 }
@@ -437,12 +437,15 @@ sub changescale {
     
     my ($obj_idx, $object) = $self->selected_object;
     
+    # we need thumbnail to be computed before allowing scaling
+    return if !$object->thumbnail;
+    
     # max scale factor should be above 2540 to allow importing files exported in inches
     my $scale = Wx::GetNumberFromUser("", "Enter the scale % for the selected object:", "Scale", $object->scale*100, 0, 100000, $self);
     return if !$scale || $scale == -1;
     
     $self->{list}->SetItem($obj_idx, 2, "$scale%");
-    $object->set_scale($scale / 100);
+    $object->scale($scale / 100);
     $self->arrange;
 }
 
@@ -867,7 +870,7 @@ sub repaint {
         for my $instance_idx (0 .. $#{$object->instances}) {
             my $instance = $object->instances->[$instance_idx];
             
-            my $thumbnail = $object->thumbnail
+            my $thumbnail = $object->transformed_thumbnail
                 ->clone
                 ->translate(map $parent->to_pixel($instance->[$_]) + $parent->{shift}[$_], (X,Y));
             
@@ -1074,10 +1077,11 @@ has 'input_file'            => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'input_file_object_id'  => (is => 'rw');  # undef means keep model object
 has 'model_object'          => (is => 'rw', required => 1, trigger => 1);
 has 'bounding_box'          => (is => 'rw');  # 3D bb of original object (aligned to origin) with no rotation or scaling
-has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 });
-has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }); # around object center point
+has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 }, trigger => 1);
+has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }, trigger => 1); # around object center point
 has 'instances'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # upward Y axis
-has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw');
+has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw', trigger => 1);
+has 'transformed_thumbnail' => (is => 'rw');
 has 'thumbnail_scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw');
 has 'layer_height_ranges'   => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
 
@@ -1099,6 +1103,21 @@ sub _trigger_model_object {
 	}
 }
 
+sub _trigger_scale {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
+}
+
+sub _trigger_rotate {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
+}
+
+sub _trigger_thumbnail {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
+}
+
 sub check_manifoldness {
 	my $self = shift;
 	
@@ -1147,34 +1166,23 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
         map { ($_->area >= 1) ? $_->simplify(0.5) : $_ }
         @{$thumbnail->expolygons};
     
-    $thumbnail->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate));  # TODO: around center
-    $thumbnail->scale($self->scale);
-    
     $self->thumbnail($thumbnail);  # ignored in multi-threaded environments
     $self->free_model_object;
     
     return $thumbnail;
 }
 
-sub set_rotation {
+sub _transform_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
-    my ($angle) = @_;
     
-    if ($self->thumbnail) {
-        # rotate around object centerpoint
-        $self->thumbnail->rotate(deg2rad($angle - $self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D->clone->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor));
-    }
-    $self->rotate($angle);
-}
-
-sub set_scale {
-    my $self = shift;
-    my ($scale) = @_;
+    # the order of these transformations MUST be the same everywhere, including
+    # in Slic3r::Print->add_model()
+    my $t = $self->thumbnail
+        ->clone
+        ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D->clone->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor))
+        ->scale($self->scale);
     
-    if ($self->thumbnail) {
-	    $self->thumbnail->scale($scale / $self->scale);
-    }
-    $self->scale($scale);
+    $self->transformed_thumbnail($t);
 }
 
 # bounding box with applied rotation and scaling
@@ -1183,7 +1191,7 @@ sub transformed_bounding_box {
     
     return $self->bounding_box
         ->clone
-        ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center)
+        ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D)
         ->scale($self->scale);
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 6464ba90eb..e20d4acaa2 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -120,6 +120,9 @@ sub add_model {
         foreach my $mesh (grep $_, @meshes) {
             $mesh->check_manifoldness;
             
+            # the order of these transformations must be the same as the one used in plater
+            # to make the object positioning consistent with the visual preview
+            
             # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
             # consider the first one
             $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $mesh->center)

From 5dcf2775638d3508b543b03d78d61dfccb351d11 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 2013 10:27:47 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 65/78] Rotate cw when using free rotation button to be
 consistent with icon. #1171

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 460f10edb3..5f55575abd 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -425,6 +425,7 @@ sub rotate {
     if (!defined $angle) {
         $angle = Wx::GetNumberFromUser("", "Enter the rotation angle:", "Rotate", $object->rotate, -364, 364, $self);
         return if !$angle || $angle == -1;
+        $angle = 0 - $angle;  # rotate clockwise (be consistent with button icon)
     }
     
     $object->rotate($object->rotate + $angle);

From 0a74e45432a764b1b711abd1b23983d461f746c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 2013 11:27:15 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 66/78] Scale and recenter thumbnails when bed size and/or
 print center is changed

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 33 +++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 5f55575abd..ffe54c52f7 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -818,6 +818,8 @@ sub _update_bed_size {
     my $canvas_side = CANVAS_SIZE->[X];  # when the canvas is not rendered yet, its GetSize() method returns 0,0
     my $bed_largest_side = $bed_size->[X] > $bed_size->[Y] ? $bed_size->[X] : $bed_size->[Y];
     $self->{scaling_factor} = $canvas_side / $bed_largest_side;
+    $_->change_thumbnail_scaling_factor($self->{scaling_factor}) for @{ $self->{objects} };
+    $self->recenter;
 }
 
 # this is called on the canvas
@@ -1078,10 +1080,10 @@ has 'input_file'            => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'input_file_object_id'  => (is => 'rw');  # undef means keep model object
 has 'model_object'          => (is => 'rw', required => 1, trigger => 1);
 has 'bounding_box'          => (is => 'rw');  # 3D bb of original object (aligned to origin) with no rotation or scaling
-has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 }, trigger => 1);
-has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }, trigger => 1); # around object center point
+has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 }, trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail);
+has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }, trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail); # around object center point
 has 'instances'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # upward Y axis
-has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw', trigger => 1);
+has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw', trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail);
 has 'transformed_thumbnail' => (is => 'rw');
 has 'thumbnail_scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw');
 has 'layer_height_ranges'   => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
@@ -1104,21 +1106,6 @@ sub _trigger_model_object {
 	}
 }
 
-sub _trigger_scale {
-    my $self = shift;
-    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
-}
-
-sub _trigger_rotate {
-    my $self = shift;
-    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
-}
-
-sub _trigger_thumbnail {
-    my $self = shift;
-    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
-}
-
 sub check_manifoldness {
 	my $self = shift;
 	
@@ -1201,4 +1188,14 @@ sub transformed_size {
     return $self->transformed_bounding_box->size;
 }
 
+sub change_thumbnail_scaling_factor {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($new_factor) = @_;
+    
+    return unless $self->thumbnail;
+    $self->thumbnail->scale($new_factor / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
+    $self->transformed_thumbnail->scale($new_factor / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
+    $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor($new_factor);
+}
+
 1;

From def013ba91d3e23a94b8d109a1cc4ac47db8754a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 2013 11:28:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 67/78] Use _transform_thumbnail when rescaling thumbnails

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index ffe54c52f7..8c0020e84b 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -1194,8 +1194,8 @@ sub change_thumbnail_scaling_factor {
     
     return unless $self->thumbnail;
     $self->thumbnail->scale($new_factor / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
-    $self->transformed_thumbnail->scale($new_factor / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
     $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor($new_factor);
+    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
 }
 
 1;

From 962a51cc800d8912739b25ab8248b087d3131289 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 2013 14:33:10 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 68/78] Some cleanup for the plater code

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 28 ++++++++++++----------------
 lib/Slic3r/Model.pm      | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++--
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm      | 23 +++++++++++------------
 3 files changed, 43 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 8c0020e84b..3adf65f71e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -704,11 +704,6 @@ sub make_model {
     foreach my $plater_object (@{$self->{objects}}) {
         my $model_object = $plater_object->get_model_object;
         
-        # if we need to alter the mesh, clone it first
-        if ($plater_object->scale != 1) {
-            $model_object = $model_object->clone;
-        }
-        
         my $new_model_object = $model->add_object(
             vertices    => $model_object->vertices,
             input_file  => $plater_object->input_file,
@@ -721,10 +716,10 @@ sub make_model {
             );
             $model->set_material($volume->material_id || 0, {});
         }
-        $new_model_object->scale($plater_object->scale);
         $new_model_object->align_to_origin;
         $new_model_object->add_instance(
             rotation    => $plater_object->rotate,  # around center point
+            scaling_factor => $plater_object->scale,
             offset      => Slic3r::Point->new($_),
         ) for @{$plater_object->instances};
     }
@@ -778,9 +773,12 @@ sub recenter {
             map Slic3r::Geometry::move_points($_, @points), @{$obj->instances};
         } @{$self->{objects}},
     ]);
+    
+    # $self->{shift} contains the offset in pixels to add to object instances in order to center them
+    # it is expressed in upwards Y
     $self->{shift} = [
-        ($self->{canvas}->GetSize->GetWidth  - $self->to_pixel($print_bb[X2] + $print_bb[X1])) / 2,
-        ($self->{canvas}->GetSize->GetHeight - $self->to_pixel($print_bb[Y2] + $print_bb[Y1])) / 2,
+        $self->to_pixel(-$print_bb[X1]) + ($self->{canvas}->GetSize->GetWidth  - $self->to_pixel($print_bb[X2] - $print_bb[X1])) / 2,
+        $self->to_pixel(-$print_bb[Y1]) + ($self->{canvas}->GetSize->GetHeight - $self->to_pixel($print_bb[Y2] - $print_bb[Y1])) / 2,
     ];
 }
 
@@ -814,10 +812,8 @@ sub _update_bed_size {
     
     # supposing the preview canvas is square, calculate the scaling factor
     # to constrain print bed area inside preview
-    my $bed_size = $self->{config}->bed_size;
-    my $canvas_side = CANVAS_SIZE->[X];  # when the canvas is not rendered yet, its GetSize() method returns 0,0
-    my $bed_largest_side = $bed_size->[X] > $bed_size->[Y] ? $bed_size->[X] : $bed_size->[Y];
-    $self->{scaling_factor} = $canvas_side / $bed_largest_side;
+    # when the canvas is not rendered yet, its GetSize() method returns 0,0
+    $self->{scaling_factor} = CANVAS_SIZE->[X] / max(@{ $self->{config}->bed_size });
     $_->change_thumbnail_scaling_factor($self->{scaling_factor}) for @{ $self->{objects} };
     $self->recenter;
 }
@@ -949,7 +945,6 @@ sub mouse_event {
             my ($obj_idx, $instance_idx, $thumbnail) = @$preview;
             my $instance = $parent->{objects}[$obj_idx]->instances->[$instance_idx];
             $instance->[$_] = $parent->to_units($pos->[$_] - $self->{drag_start_pos}[$_] - $parent->{shift}[$_]) for X,Y;
-            $instance = $parent->_y([$instance])->[0];
             $parent->Refresh;
         }
     } elsif ($event->Moving) {
@@ -1098,10 +1093,12 @@ sub _trigger_model_object {
     my $self = shift;
     if ($self->model_object) {
         $self->model_object->align_to_origin;
+	    $self->bounding_box($self->model_object->bounding_box);
+	    
     	my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
-	    $self->bounding_box($mesh->bounding_box);
 	    $self->facets(scalar @{$mesh->facets});
 	    $self->vertices(scalar @{$mesh->vertices});
+	    
 	    $self->materials($self->model_object->materials_count);
 	}
 }
@@ -1140,8 +1137,7 @@ sub instances_count {
 sub make_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
-    my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
-    $mesh->align_to_origin;
+    my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;  # $self->model_object is already aligned to origin
     my $thumbnail = Slic3r::ExPolygon::Collection->new(
     	expolygons => (@{$mesh->facets} <= 5000)
     		? $mesh->horizontal_projection
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
index b7ff6f7aec..b0f422ea17 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Model.pm
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ sub arrange_objects {
                 $object->add_instance(
                     offset      => $_,
                     rotation    => $instance->rotation,
+                    scaling_factor => $instance->scaling_factor,
                 ) for move_points($instance->offset, @positions);
             }
         }
@@ -213,6 +214,7 @@ sub mesh {
             my $mesh = $object->mesh->clone;
             if ($instance) {
                 $mesh->rotate($instance->rotation);
+                $mesh->scale($instance->scaling_factor);
                 $mesh->align_to_origin;
                 $mesh->move(@{$instance->offset});
             }
@@ -259,6 +261,7 @@ sub split_meshes {
             $new_object->add_instance(
                 offset      => [ $_->offset->[X] + $extents[X][MIN], $_->offset->[Y] + $extents[Y][MIN] ],
                 rotation    => $_->rotation,
+                scaling_factor => $_->scaling_factor,
             ) for @{ $object->instances // [] };
         }
     }
@@ -274,7 +277,7 @@ package Slic3r::Model::Object;
 use Moo;
 
 use List::Util qw(first);
-use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN move_points move_points_3D);
+use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX move_points move_points_3D);
 use Storable qw(dclone);
 
 has 'input_file' => (is => 'rw');
@@ -338,13 +341,27 @@ sub extents {
     return Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D($self->used_vertices);
 }
 
+sub center {
+    my $self = shift;
+    
+    my @extents = $self->extents;
+    return [ map +($extents[$_][MAX] + $extents[$_][MIN])/2, X,Y,Z ];
+}
+
+sub bounding_box {
+    my $self = shift;
+    return Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new(extents => [ $self->extents ]);
+}
+
 sub align_to_origin {
     my $self = shift;
     
     # calculate the displacements needed to 
     # have lowest value for each axis at coordinate 0
     my @extents = $self->extents;
-    $self->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
+    my @shift = map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z;
+    $self->move(@shift);
+    return @shift;
 }
 
 sub move {
@@ -410,6 +427,7 @@ use Moo;
 
 has 'object'    => (is => 'ro', weak_ref => 1, required => 1);
 has 'rotation'  => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 });  # around mesh center point
+has 'scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 });
 has 'offset'    => (is => 'rw');  # must be Slic3r::Point object
 
 1;
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index e20d4acaa2..638ce8d3a4 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ sub add_model {
     $model->split_meshes if $Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters && !$Slic3r::Config->complete_objects;
     
     foreach my $object (@{ $model->objects }) {
+        my @align = $object->align_to_origin;
+        
         # extract meshes by material
         my @meshes = ();  # by region_id
         foreach my $volume (@{$object->volumes}) {
@@ -123,21 +125,18 @@ sub add_model {
             # the order of these transformations must be the same as the one used in plater
             # to make the object positioning consistent with the visual preview
             
-            # we ignore the per-instance rotation currently and only 
+            # we ignore the per-instance transformations currently and only 
             # consider the first one
-            $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $mesh->center)
-                if @{ $object->instances // [] };
+            if ($object->instances && @{$object->instances}) {
+                $mesh->rotate($object->instances->[0]->rotation, $object->center);
+                $mesh->scale($object->instances->[0]->scaling_factor);
+            }
             
             $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
         
-        # align the object to origin; not sure this is required by the toolpath generation
-        # algorithms, but it's good practice to avoid negative coordinates; it probably 
-        # provides also some better performance in infill generation
-        my @extents = Slic3r::Geometry::bounding_box_3D([ map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, @meshes ]);
-        foreach my $mesh (grep $_, @meshes) {
-            $mesh->move(map -$extents[$_][MIN], X,Y,Z);
-        }
+        # calculate transformed size
+        my $size = [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D([ map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, @meshes ]) ];
         
         # initialize print object
         push @{$self->objects}, Slic3r::Print::Object->new(
@@ -145,10 +144,10 @@ sub add_model {
             meshes      => [ @meshes ],
             copies      => [
                 $object->instances
-                    ? (map [ (scale $_->offset->[X]) + $extents[X][MIN], (scale $_->offset->[Y]) + $extents[Y][MIN] ], @{$object->instances})
+                    ? (map [ scale($_->offset->[X] - $align[X]), scale($_->offset->[Y] - $align[Y]) ], @{$object->instances})
                     : [0,0],
             ],
-            size        => [ map $extents[$_][MAX] - $extents[$_][MIN], (X,Y,Z) ],
+            size        => $size,
             input_file  => $object->input_file,
             layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
         );

From 145fe0820314c5f807784afd38c22126a1508791 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Thu, 13 Jun 2013 20:05:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 69/78] More fixes for plater positioning. #1171

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 34 ++++++++++++++--------------------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 3adf65f71e..999a18680f 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ sub _update_bed_size {
     # to constrain print bed area inside preview
     # when the canvas is not rendered yet, its GetSize() method returns 0,0
     $self->{scaling_factor} = CANVAS_SIZE->[X] / max(@{ $self->{config}->bed_size });
-    $_->change_thumbnail_scaling_factor($self->{scaling_factor}) for @{ $self->{objects} };
+    $_->thumbnail_scaling_factor($self->{scaling_factor}) for @{ $self->{objects} };
     $self->recenter;
 }
 
@@ -1080,7 +1080,7 @@ has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }, trigger => \&_
 has 'instances'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # upward Y axis
 has 'thumbnail'             => (is => 'rw', trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail);
 has 'transformed_thumbnail' => (is => 'rw');
-has 'thumbnail_scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw');
+has 'thumbnail_scaling_factor' => (is => 'rw', trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail);
 has 'layer_height_ranges'   => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # [ z_min, z_max, layer_height ]
 
 # statistics
@@ -1143,7 +1143,6 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
     		? $mesh->horizontal_projection
     		: [ Slic3r::ExPolygon->new(convex_hull($mesh->vertices)) ],
     );
-    $thumbnail->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
     
     # only simplify expolygons larger than the threshold
     @{$thumbnail->expolygons} = grep @$_,
@@ -1159,12 +1158,9 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
 sub _transform_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
-    # the order of these transformations MUST be the same everywhere, including
-    # in Slic3r::Print->add_model()
-    my $t = $self->thumbnail
-        ->clone
-        ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D->clone->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor))
-        ->scale($self->scale);
+    return unless $self->thumbnail;
+    my $t = $self->_apply_transform($self->thumbnail);
+    $t->scale($self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
     
     $self->transformed_thumbnail($t);
 }
@@ -1172,8 +1168,16 @@ sub _transform_thumbnail {
 # bounding box with applied rotation and scaling
 sub transformed_bounding_box {
     my $self = shift;
+    return $self->_apply_transform($self->bounding_box);
+}
+
+sub _apply_transform {
+    my $self = shift;
+    my ($entity) = @_;    # can be anything that implements ->clone(), ->rotate() and ->scale()
     
-    return $self->bounding_box
+    # the order of these transformations MUST be the same everywhere, including
+    # in Slic3r::Print->add_model()
+    return $entity
         ->clone
         ->rotate(deg2rad($self->rotate), $self->bounding_box->center_2D)
         ->scale($self->scale);
@@ -1184,14 +1188,4 @@ sub transformed_size {
     return $self->transformed_bounding_box->size;
 }
 
-sub change_thumbnail_scaling_factor {
-    my $self = shift;
-    my ($new_factor) = @_;
-    
-    return unless $self->thumbnail;
-    $self->thumbnail->scale($new_factor / $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor);
-    $self->thumbnail_scaling_factor($new_factor);
-    $self->_transform_thumbnail;
-}
-
 1;

From 878d17605c0585dcfb895e9302a99e6611022bf4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 2013 16:48:24 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 70/78] Ignore solid_infill_every_layers when fill_density is
 0. Includes regression test. #1240

---
 lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm |  3 ++-
 t/fill.t                   | 11 +++++++----
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
index bfc46ce620..88a445f03a 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print/Object.pm
@@ -597,7 +597,8 @@ sub discover_horizontal_shells {
         for (my $i = 0; $i < $self->layer_count; $i++) {
             my $layerm = $self->layers->[$i]->regions->[$region_id];
             
-            if ($Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers && ($i % $Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers) == 0) {
+            if ($Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers && $Slic3r::Config->fill_density > 0
+                && ($i % $Slic3r::Config->solid_infill_every_layers) == 0) {
                 $_->surface_type(S_TYPE_INTERNALSOLID)
                     for grep $_->surface_type == S_TYPE_INTERNAL, @{$layerm->fill_surfaces};
             }
diff --git a/t/fill.t b/t/fill.t
index e0fdd3cc08..4665a0c494 100644
--- a/t/fill.t
+++ b/t/fill.t
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use Test::More;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 
-plan tests => 9;
+plan tests => 10;
 
 BEGIN {
     use FindBin;
@@ -109,14 +109,17 @@ sub scale_points (@) { map [scale $_->[X], scale $_->[Y]], @_ }
     $config->set('top_solid_layers', 0);
     $config->set('bottom_solid_layers', 0);
     $config->set('solid_infill_below_area', 20000000);
+    $config->set('solid_infill_every_layers', 2);
     
     my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print('20mm_cube', config => $config);
+    my %layers_with_extrusion = ();
     Slic3r::GCode::Reader->new(gcode => Slic3r::Test::gcode($print))->parse(sub {
         my ($self, $cmd, $args, $info) = @_;
-        
-        fail "solid_infill_below_area should be ignored when fill_density is 0"
-            if $info->{extruding};
+        $layers_with_extrusion{$self->Z} = 1 if $info->{extruding};
     });
+    
+    ok !%layers_with_extrusion,
+        "solid_infill_below_area and solid_infill_every_layers are ignored when fill_density is 0";
 }
 
 __END__

From 5fa49aad02d646a9d71cc051b0a2c6c8bc471973 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 2013 16:59:20 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 71/78] Releasing 0.9.10

---
 lib/Slic3r.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 67314e2170..78ac6e5b86 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 require v5.10;
 
-our $VERSION = "0.9.10-dev";
+our $VERSION = "0.9.10";
 
 our $debug = 0;
 sub debugf {

From a8981b8b359eedc2294404f72aa9b70182d62d97 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 12:10:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 72/78] Bugfix: infill was clipped badly. Includes regression
 test. #1245

---
 MANIFEST            |  1 +
 lib/Slic3r/Print.pm | 12 ++++++++----
 lib/Slic3r/Test.pm  |  9 ++++++---
 t/print.t           | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 t/print.t

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index b2fe05edab..86390ed372 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ t/geometry.t
 t/layers.t
 t/loops.t
 t/polyclip.t
+t/print.t
 t/retraction.t
 t/serialize.t
 t/shells.t
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
index 638ce8d3a4..956de69925 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Print.pm
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ sub add_model {
     $model->split_meshes if $Slic3r::Config->avoid_crossing_perimeters && !$Slic3r::Config->complete_objects;
     
     foreach my $object (@{ $model->objects }) {
+        # we align object to origin before applying transformations
         my @align = $object->align_to_origin;
         
         # extract meshes by material
@@ -135,8 +136,11 @@ sub add_model {
             $mesh->scale(1 / &Slic3r::SCALING_FACTOR);
         }
         
-        # calculate transformed size
-        my $size = [ Slic3r::Geometry::size_3D([ map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, @meshes ]) ];
+        # we also align object after transformations so that we only work with positive coordinates
+        # and the assumption that bounding_box === size works
+        my $bb = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points_3D([ map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, @meshes ]);
+        my @align2 = map -$bb->extents->[$_][MIN], (X,Y,Z);
+        $_->move(@align2) for grep $_, @meshes;
         
         # initialize print object
         push @{$self->objects}, Slic3r::Print::Object->new(
@@ -144,10 +148,10 @@ sub add_model {
             meshes      => [ @meshes ],
             copies      => [
                 $object->instances
-                    ? (map [ scale($_->offset->[X] - $align[X]), scale($_->offset->[Y] - $align[Y]) ], @{$object->instances})
+                    ? (map [ scale($_->offset->[X] - $align[X]) - $align2[X], scale($_->offset->[Y] - $align[Y]) - $align2[Y] ], @{$object->instances})
                     : [0,0],
             ],
-            size        => $size,
+            size        => $bb->size,  # transformed size
             input_file  => $object->input_file,
             layer_height_ranges => $object->layer_height_ranges,
         );
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
index 46443cc6af..3192149974 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ my %cuboids = (
 );
 
 sub model {
-    my ($model_name) = @_;
+    my ($model_name, %params) = @_;
     
     my ($vertices, $facets);
     if ($cuboids{$model_name}) {
@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@ sub model {
     my $model = Slic3r::Model->new;
     my $object = $model->add_object(vertices => $vertices);
     $object->add_volume(facets => $facets);
-    $object->add_instance(offset => [0,0]);
+    $object->add_instance(
+        offset      => [0,0],
+        rotation    => $params{rotation},
+    );
     return $model;
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ sub init_print {
     my $print = Slic3r::Print->new(config => $config);
     
     $model_name = [$model_name] if ref($model_name) ne 'ARRAY';
-    $print->add_model(model($_)) for @$model_name;
+    $print->add_model(model($_, %params)) for @$model_name;
     $print->validate;
     
     return $print;
diff --git a/t/print.t b/t/print.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..485ad12bbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/print.t
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use Test::More tests => 1;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use FindBin;
+    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";
+}
+
+use List::Util qw(first);
+use Slic3r;
+use Slic3r::Test;
+
+{
+    my $print = Slic3r::Test::init_print('20mm_cube', rotation => 45);
+    ok !(first { $_ < 0 } map @$_, map @{$_->used_vertices}, grep $_, map @{$_->meshes}, @{$print->objects}),
+        "object is still in positive coordinate space even after rotation";
+}
+
+__END__

From 7bf308c08fec43d45649f0a20787372ba046e9a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 15:50:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 73/78] Fix one more centering problem caused by wrong bounding
 box implementation

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm           | 11 ++++++++---
 lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm | 15 ++-------------
 lib/Slic3r/Polyline.pm             |  7 ++++---
 3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index 999a18680f..b34efa82ef 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ sub OnDropFiles {
 package Slic3r::GUI::Plater::Object;
 use Moo;
 
-use Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain qw(convex_hull);
+use Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain qw();
 use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX deg2rad);
 
 has 'name'                  => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
@@ -1075,6 +1075,7 @@ has 'input_file'            => (is => 'rw', required => 1);
 has 'input_file_object_id'  => (is => 'rw');  # undef means keep model object
 has 'model_object'          => (is => 'rw', required => 1, trigger => 1);
 has 'bounding_box'          => (is => 'rw');  # 3D bb of original object (aligned to origin) with no rotation or scaling
+has 'convex_hull'           => (is => 'rw');  # 2D convex hull of original object (aligned to origin) with no rotation or scaling
 has 'scale'                 => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 1 }, trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail);
 has 'rotate'                => (is => 'rw', default => sub { 0 }, trigger => \&_transform_thumbnail); # around object center point
 has 'instances'             => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); # upward Y axis
@@ -1138,10 +1139,11 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;  # $self->model_object is already aligned to origin
+    $self->convex_hull(Slic3r::Polygon->new(Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain::convex_hull($mesh->vertices)));
     my $thumbnail = Slic3r::ExPolygon::Collection->new(
     	expolygons => (@{$mesh->facets} <= 5000)
     		? $mesh->horizontal_projection
-    		: [ Slic3r::ExPolygon->new(convex_hull($mesh->vertices)) ],
+    		: [ Slic3r::ExPolygon->new($self->convex_hull) ],
     );
     
     # only simplify expolygons larger than the threshold
@@ -1168,7 +1170,10 @@ sub _transform_thumbnail {
 # bounding box with applied rotation and scaling
 sub transformed_bounding_box {
     my $self = shift;
-    return $self->_apply_transform($self->bounding_box);
+    
+    my $bb = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points($self->_apply_transform($self->convex_hull));
+    $bb->extents->[Z] = $self->bounding_box->clone->extents->[Z];
+    return $bb;
 }
 
 sub _apply_transform {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
index 3cd019f0cb..c2d27a1fe8 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Geometry/BoundingBox.pm
@@ -39,20 +39,9 @@ sub polygon {
     return Slic3r::Polygon->new_from_bounding_box($self->bb);
 }
 
+# note to $self
 sub rotate {
-    my $self = shift;
-    my ($angle, $center) = @_;
-    
-    # rotate the 2D bounding box polygon and leave Z unaltered
-    my $bb_p = $self->polygon;
-    $bb_p->rotate($angle, $center);
-    my @bb = $bb_p->bounding_box;
-    $self->extents->[X][MIN] = $bb[X1];
-    $self->extents->[Y][MIN] = $bb[Y1];
-    $self->extents->[X][MAX] = $bb[X2];
-    $self->extents->[Y][MAX] = $bb[Y2];
-    
-    $self;
+    die "Rotating an axis-aligned bounding box doesn't make any sense";
 }
 
 sub scale {
diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Polyline.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Polyline.pm
index 6646d1aaeb..2de79893a7 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Polyline.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Polyline.pm
@@ -156,11 +156,12 @@ sub translate {
 sub scale {
     my $self = shift;
     my ($factor) = @_;
-    return if $factor == 1;
     
     # transform point coordinates
-    foreach my $point (@$self) {
-        $point->[$_] *= $factor for X,Y;
+    if ($factor != 1) {
+        foreach my $point (@$self) {
+            $point->[$_] *= $factor for X,Y;
+        }
     }
     return $self;
 }

From 8b6afb61d911b028b87ee133ad1b2248f1811468 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 17:17:48 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 74/78] Fix little error in tests

---
 lib/Slic3r/Test.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
index 3192149974..f4942d0c3a 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Test.pm
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ sub model {
     $object->add_volume(facets => $facets);
     $object->add_instance(
         offset      => [0,0],
-        rotation    => $params{rotation},
+        rotation    => $params{rotation} // 0,
     );
     return $model;
 }

From cb75b1e47bc81656a5e4818be615c27e4cc15ace Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 19:15:24 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 75/78] Fix plater crash on threaded perls

---
 lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
index b34efa82ef..8ce659486a 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/GUI/Plater.pm
@@ -1097,6 +1097,7 @@ sub _trigger_model_object {
 	    $self->bounding_box($self->model_object->bounding_box);
 	    
     	my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;
+        $self->convex_hull(Slic3r::Polygon->new(Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain::convex_hull($mesh->used_vertices)));
 	    $self->facets(scalar @{$mesh->facets});
 	    $self->vertices(scalar @{$mesh->vertices});
 	    
@@ -1139,7 +1140,6 @@ sub make_thumbnail {
     my $self = shift;
     
     my $mesh = $self->model_object->mesh;  # $self->model_object is already aligned to origin
-    $self->convex_hull(Slic3r::Polygon->new(Math::ConvexHull::MonotoneChain::convex_hull($mesh->vertices)));
     my $thumbnail = Slic3r::ExPolygon::Collection->new(
     	expolygons => (@{$mesh->facets} <= 5000)
     		? $mesh->horizontal_projection

From 8b48d79563d4a504e6d7ee0c8e4cc93eb8094190 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 21:10:04 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 76/78] Improve zigzag gap fill. #1234

---
 lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm | 6 +++++-
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
index 472c2da520..a9dbc3bdcd 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
@@ -315,8 +315,12 @@ sub _fill_gaps {
         1,
     )};
     
+    # medial axis-based gap fill should benefit from detection of larger gaps too, so 
+    # we could try with 1.5*$w for example, but that doesn't work well for zigzag fill
+    # because it tends to create very sparse points along the gap when the infill direction
+    # is not parallel to the gap (1.5*$w thus may only work well with a straight line)
     my $w = $self->perimeter_flow->width;
-    my @widths = (1.5 * $w, $w, 0.4 * $w);  # worth trying 0.2 too?
+    my @widths = ($w, 0.4 * $w);  # worth trying 0.2 too?
     foreach my $width (@widths) {
         my $flow = $self->perimeter_flow->clone(width => $width);
         

From d0eac88ff9586b17dcc1766874f69dbd7e8c534f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 21:27:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 77/78] Reduce vibrations when doing gap fill

---
 lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
index a9dbc3bdcd..1e6b7c169e 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ sub _fill_gaps {
                 
                 push @{ $self->thin_fills },
                     map {
-                        $_->polyline->simplify($flow->scaled_width / 3);
+                        $_->simplify($flow->scaled_width/3);
                         $_->pack;
                     }
                     map Slic3r::ExtrusionPath->new(

From 2993a1659e10f7e2c05abf7ab5e0032f96e5ea7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alessandro Ranellucci <aar@cpan.org>
Date: Sun, 16 Jun 2013 10:22:22 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 78/78] Bump version number

---
 lib/Slic3r.pm | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm
index 78ac6e5b86..d4caf4b460 100644
--- a/lib/Slic3r.pm
+++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 require v5.10;
 
-our $VERSION = "0.9.10";
+our $VERSION = "0.9.11-dev";
 
 our $debug = 0;
 sub debugf {